TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME I MATHEMATICS PG COMPLETION

NO STATUS

CHAPTER 01 Single & Multi Variable Calculus

CHAPTER 02 Vector Calculus
CHAPTER 03 Differential Equations (ODE & PDE)
CHAPTER 04 Transforms
CHAPTER 05 Linear Algebra
CHAPTER 06 Complex Variables
CHAPTER 07 Statistics
CHAPTER 08 Probability
CHAPTER 09 Discrete Mathematics
CHAPTER 10 Graphs Theory

VOLUME II CORE ENGINEERING - MECHANICS

CHAPTER 01 Statics and Dynamics of Particles & Rigid Bodies

CHAPTER 02 Analysis of Structures, Friction, Properties of
Surfaces & Solids
CHAPTER 03 Stresses & Strains
CHAPTER 04 Beams & Cylinders: Stresses and Deflection
CHAPTER 05 Fluid Statics & Dynamics
CHAPTER 06 Viscous & Boundary layer flow
CHAPTER 07 Fluid and Electro - Hydraulic & Pneumatic Power
Sources
CHAPTER 08 Fluid power actuators, circuits & control systems
CHAPTER 09 Kinematics, Velocity & Accelerations in
Mechanisms
CHAPTER 10 Dynamic Force, Balancing & Vibration Analysis
CHAPTER 11 Cams, Gears, Governors & Gyroscopes
VOLUME III CORE ENGINEERING - THERMODYNAMICS PG COMPLETION
NO STATUS

CHAPTER 01 Basic Concepts & Laws of Thermodynamics

CHAPTER 02 Vapour, Gas power cycles & mixtures
CHAPTER 03 IC Engines
CHAPTER 04 Air Compressor, Steam & Gas turbine
CHAPTER 05 Refrigeration & Air-conditioning
CHAPTER 06 Conduction
CHAPTER 07 Convection
CHAPTER 08 Heat Exchanger, Radiation & Mass Transfer

VOLUME IV CORE ENGINEERING – ELECTRICAL &

ELECTRONICS

CHAPTER 01 Circuits
CHAPTER 02 Machines
CHAPTER 03 Network Theory
CHAPTER 04 Signal system & Processing
CHAPTER 05 Fourier, Laplace & Z Transforms
CHAPTER 06 Electronic Components
CHAPTER 07 Amplifiers, Oscillators and Filters
CHAPTER 08 Digital Electronics
CHAPTER 09 Microprocessors & Microcontrollers
CHAPTER 10 VLSI
CHAPTER 11 Sensors
CHAPTER 12 Measurements and Instruments
CHAPTER 13 Mechatronics
CHAPTER 14 Robotics
VOLUME V COMPUTER SCIENCE PG COMPLETION
NO STATUS

CHAPTER 01 Structural & Object Oriented Programming using

C++
CHAPTER 02 Theory Of Computation
CHAPTER 03 DSA
CHAPTER 04 DAA
CHAPTER 05 CAO
CHAPTER 06 DBS
CHAPTER 07 OS
CHAPTER 08 Compiler Design
CHAPTER 09 Computer Networks

VOLUME VI PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER 01 CAD
CHAPTER 02 Engineering Drawing
CHAPTER 03 Machine Drawing
CHAPTER 04 Design of Machine Components
CHAPTER 05 Materials Science & Engineering
CHAPTER 06 Casting
CHAPTER 07 Welding
CHAPTER 08 Metal Forming
CHAPTER 09 Machining
CHAPTER 10 Finite Element Analysis
CHAPTER 11 Control System
CHAPTER 12 Industrial Internet of Things
CHAPTER 13 Optimization
CHAPTER 14 Linear & Non-Linear Programming
CHAPTER 15 Computer Integrated Manufacturing
 MATHEMATICS

1.Single & Multi Variable Calculus

Differentiation- Extrema on an Interval Rolle’s Theorem and the Mean value theorem Increasing
and decreasing functions. -First derivative test-Second derivative test-Maxima and Minima-
Concavity. Integration-Average function value - Area between curves - Volumes of solids of
revolution. Functions of two variables-limits and continuity-partial derivatives –total differential-
Jacobian and its properties. Taylor’s expansion for two variables–maxima and minima–
constrained maxima and minima Lagrange’s multiplier method. Evaluation of double integrals–
change of order of integration–change of variables between Cartesian and polar co-ordinates -
evaluation of triple integrals-change of variables between Cartesian and cylindrical and spherical
co-ordinates. Beta and Gamma functions–interrelation between beta and gamma functions-
evaluation of multiple integrals using gamma and beta functions. Dirichlet’s integral -Error
functions complementary error functions.

2.Vector Calculus
Scalar and vector valued functions – gradient, tangent plane–directional derivative divergence and
curl–scalar and vector potentials. Statement of vector identities-simple problems. Line, surface
and volume integrals - Statement of Green’s, Stoke’s and Gauss divergence theorems -verification
and evaluation of vector integrals using them.

3.Differential Equations (ODE & PDE)

Second order non- homogenous differential equations with constant coefficients- Differential
equations with variable coefficients- method of undetermined coefficients-method of Variation of
parameters Solving Damped forced oscillations and LCR circuit theory problems Formation of
partial differential equations – Singular integrals — Solutions of standard types of first order
partial differential equations – Lagrange’s linear equation-Method of separation of variables.

4.Transforms
Definition- Properties of Laplace transform-Laplace transform of standard functions - Laplace
transform of periodic functions-Unit step function-Impulse function. Inverse Laplace Transform-
Partial fractions method and by Convolution theorem. Solution of ODE’s – Non-homogeneous
terms involving Heaviside function, Impulse function -Solving Non-homogeneous system using
Laplace transform - solution to First order PDE by Laplace transform. Introduction to Laplace
transform (LT), poles, zeros and transfer functions. Analysis of first and second order circuits
subjected to periodic and aperiodic excitations using Laplace transforms. Fourier series - Euler’s
formulae- Dirichlet’s conditions - Change of interval - Half range series – RMS value – Parseval’s
identity. Complex Fourier transform - properties - Relation between Fourier and Laplace
Transforms- Fourier sine and cosine transform – Parseval’s identity- Convolution Theorem and
simple applications to solve PDE. Trigonometric Fourier series, Symmetry conditions,
Applications in circuit solving, Fourier transforms. Properties, Applications in circuit solving,
Comparisons of Fourier and Laplace transforms Definition of Z-transform and Inverse Z-
transform - Standard functions - Partial fractions and convolution method. Difference equation -
first and second order difference equations with constant coefficients - solution of simple
difference equations using Z-transform.

5.Linear Algebra
Vector space – subspace; linear combination - span - linearly dependent – Independent – bases;
Dimensions; Finite dimensional vector space. Row and column spaces; Rank and nullity. Linear
transformations – Basic properties; Invertible linear transformation; Matrices of linear
transformations; Vector space of linear transformations; Change of bases; Similarity. Dot products
and inner products; Lengths and angles of vectors; Matrix representations of inner products; Gram
- Schmidt – Orthogonalization Eigenvalues and Eigen vectors; Properties of Eigenvalues and
Eigen vectors; Cayley Hamilton theorem; System of linear equations; Gaussian elimination and
Gauss Jordan methods.

6.Complex Variables
Complex variable - Analytic functions and Cauchy – Riemann equations; Laplace equation and
Harmonic functions; Construction of Harmonic conjugate and analytic functions; Applications of
analytic functions to fluid-flow and electric f field problems. Conformal mapping - Elementary
transformations; Translation, Magnification, Rotation, Inversion; 5 Exponential and Square
transformations (w = ez, z2); Bilinear transformation; Cross-ratio Images of the regions bounded
by straight lines under the above transformations; Functions given by Power Series - Taylor and
Laurent series Singularities - Poles – Residues; Integration of a complex function along a contour;
Statements of Cauchy-Goursat theorem- Cauchy’s integral formula-Cauchy’s residue theorem-
Evaluation of real integrals- Indented contour integral.

7.Statistics
Statistics and data analysis; Measures of central tendency; Measure of Dispersion, Moments-
Skewness-Kurtosis (Concepts only). Random variables- Probability mass function, distribution
and density functions-Joint probability distribution and Joint density functions; Marginal,
Conditional distribution and Density functions- Mathematical expectation and its properties-
Covariance, Moment generating function. Correlation and Regression – Rank Correlation; Partial
and Multiple correlation; Multiple regression.

8. Probability
Binomial distribution; Poisson distributions; Normal distribution; Gamma distribution;
Exponential distribution; Weibull distribution. Testing of hypothesis –Types of errors - Critical
region, Procedure for testing of hypothesis large sample tests- Z test for Single Proportion-
Difference of Proportion- Mean and difference of means. small sample tests- Student’s t-test, F-
test- chi-square test- goodness of fit - independence of attributes- Design of Experiments -
Analysis of variance – One Way-Two Way-Three-way classifications - CRD-RBD- LSD. Basic
concepts- Hazard Function-Reliabilities of series and parallel systems- System, Reliability -
Maintainability-Preventive and repair maintenance- Availability
9.Discrete Mathematics
Statements and Notation-Connectives–Tautologies Equivalence - Implications–Normal forms -
The Theory of Inference for the Statement 6 Calculus - Predicate Calculus - Inference Theory of
the Predicate Calculus. Semigroups and Monoids - Groups – Subgroups – Lagrange’s Theorem
Homomorphism – Properties-Group Codes. Basics of counting - Pigeonhole principle -
Permutations and combinations - Inclusion- exclusion principle - Recurrence relations - Solving
recurrence relations - Generating Functions Solution to recurrence relations. Partially Ordered
Relations -Lattices as Possets – Hasse Diagram – Properties of Lattices – Boolean Algebra-
Properties of Boolean Algebra-Boolean functions.

10. Graphs Theory

Basic Concepts of Graph Theory – Planar and Complete graph - Matrix representation of Graphs
– Graph Isomorphism – Connectivity–Cut sets-Euler and Hamilton Paths–Shortest Path
algorithms Trees – properties of trees – distance and centres in tree – Spanning trees – Spanning
tree algorithms- Tree traversals- Fundamental circuits and cut-sets Bipartite graphs - Chromatic
number – Chromatic partitioning – Chromatic polynomial - matching – Covering– Four Colour
problem.
 MECHANICS

1.Statics and Dynamics of Particles & Rigid Bodies:

Fundamental concepts and principles - Resolution of a force -Resultant of forces in a plane
Equilibrium of a particle in a plane; Addition of concurrent forces in space- Equilibrium of a particle
in space. Equivalent systems of forces- Principle of Transmissibility - Moment of a force about a point
and an axis- Couples and force-couple systems- Equilibrium of rigid bodies in two and three
dimensions- Types of beams, supports and reactions; Principle of virtual work – System of connected
rigid bodies. Kinematics of Particles: Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration – Rectilinear motion –
Curvilinear motion – Tangential and Normal components – Radial and Transverse components.
Kinetics of Particles: Newton’s Second Law- Energy and Momentum Methods-Principle of Work and
Energy-Principle of Impulse and Momentum- Direct Central Impact. Kinematics of rigid bodies:
Translation and fixed-axis rotation- General plane motion: velocity- Instantaneous centre of rotation-
General plane motion: acceleration. Kinetics of rigid bodies: Equations of motion Angular
momentum- Plane motion of a rigid body- Principle of work and energy for rigid bodies- Principle of
impulse and momentum for rigid bodies.

2. Analysis of Structures, Friction, Properties of Surfaces & Solids

Analysis of plane trusses - Method of joints and method of sections- Frames. The laws of dry friction
– Coefficients of Friction- Angles of Friction- Types of Friction Problems - Wedges and Ladder
friction- Belt friction. First moments of areas and lines- Centroids of composite areas and lines- -
Theorems of Pappus-Guldens- Second moment of area- Parallel axis theorem- Rectangular and Polar
Moments of inertia of composite areas- Radius of Gyration- Product of Inertia- Principal Axes and
Principal Moments of Inertia- Mass moments of inertia of thin plates.

3. Stresses & Strains

Definition/derivation of normal stress, shear stress, and normal strain and shear strain – Stress-strain
diagram for brittle and ductile materials - Poisson’s ratio & volumetric strain – Elastic constants –
relationship between elastic constants and Poisson’s ratio – Generalised Hook’s law – Deformation of
simple and compound bars – Creep – Strain energy – Resilience – Gradual, sudden, impact and shock
loadings – thermal stresses. Introduction – Stresses on an inclined section of a bar under axial loading
– compound stresses – Normal and tangential stresses on an inclined plane for biaxial stresses – Two
perpendicular normal stresses accompanied by a state of simple shear – Mohr’s circle of stresses and
strain, Strain rosette – Principal stresses and strains – Analytical and graphical solutions. Theories of
failures. Introduction to Torsion – derivation of shear strain – Torsion formula – stresses and
deformations in circular and hollow shafts – Stepped shafts – shafts fixed at the both ends, stresses in
helical springs.

4. Beams & Cylinders: Stresses and Deflection

Definition of beam – Types of beams – Concept of shear force and bending moment – S.F and B.M
diagrams for cantilever, simply supported and overhanging beams subjected to point loads, uniformly
distributed 30 loads, uniformly varying loads and combination of these loads – Point of contra flexure
– Relation between S.F., B.M and rate of loading at a section of a beam. Theory of simple bending –
Assumptions – Derivation of bending equation - Neutral axis – Determination of bending stresses –
section modulus of rectangular and circular sections (Solid and Hollow), I, T, Angle and Channel
sections – Design of simple beam sections, Shear Stresses: Derivation of formula – Shear stress
distribution across various beams sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T sections.
Deflection of beams by Double integration method – Macaulay’s method – Area moment theorems for
computation of slopes and deflections in beams – Conjugate beam method. Thin and Thick Cylinders,
Columns Thin cylinders and shells – deformation of thin cylinders and shells; Thick Cylinders, Shrink
fits, Compounding. Theory of columns – Long column and short column - Euler’s formula –
Rankine’s formula.

5. Fluid Statics & Dynamics

Definition of fluid, Concept of continuum, Fluid properties, Rheological classification, Pascal’s Law
and Hydrostatic pressure and its measurement -Manometry. Hydrostatic forces on Plane, Inclined and
Curved surfaces, Buoyancy, Condition of Equilibrium for Submerged and Floating Bodies, Centre of
Buoyancy. Description of fluid motion – Varangian and Eulerian approach, Types of flows, Control
volume, Material derivative and acceleration, Streamlines, Path lines and Streamlines, Stream
function and velocity potential function, The Reynolds transport theorem. The continuity equation,
The Euler and Bernoulli equations – venturi meter, orifice meter, Pitot tube, Momentum equation and
its application – forces on pipe bends, moment of momentum, The Navier–Stokes Equations.

6. Viscous & Boundary layer flow

General Characteristics of pipe flow, Fully-developed laminar flow, Hagen Poiseuille equation,
turbulent flow, Darcy–Weisbach equation, Moody chart, major and minor losses, Multiple pipe
systems. Dimensional homogeneity, Rayleigh’s method, Buckingham π theorem, non-dimensional
numbers, Model laws and distorted models, Modelling and similitude. Boundary layers, Laminar flow
and turbulent flow, Boundary layer thickness, Momentum integral equation, Drag and lift, Separation
of boundary layer, Methods of preventing the boundary layer separation.

7. Fluid and Electro - Hydraulic & Pneumatic Power Sources:

Introduction to fluid power systems - structure, advantages, limitations, and applications. Properties
of fluids, governing laws. Gas laws - Vacuum. Distribution of fluid power and energy losses, ISO
symbols for fluid power system. Hydraulic pumps - classification, characteristics, and pump selection.
Flow, pressure, drive torque and power - hydraulic power Pack - pump efficiency. - Centrifugal pumps
– Work done - Head developed - Pump output and Efficiencies - priming - minimum starting speed -
performance of multistage pumps - Cavitation - methods of prevention - Pump characteristics –
Classification of hydraulic turbines - Pelton wheel - Franci’s turbine - Kaplan and Propeller turbines -
- Specific speed - Theory of draft tube - Governing - Performance characteristics - Selection of
turbines. Air compressors - types and performance - sizing. Vacuum pumps. Pneumatic conditioners:
filters, regulators, lubricators, mufflers, and air dryers. Selection of prime movers for fluid power
systems. Electrical control of pneumatic and hydraulic circuits: relays, timers, counters,
programmable logic controller, and servo systems - applications. Installation and maintenance of
hydraulic and pneumatic systems - pressure compensation - temperature effects - fault finding - safety
procedures.
8. Fluid power actuators, circuits & control systems
Fluid power actuators: cylinders and motors - selection and characteristics. Control valves: pressure,
flow, and direction control - electronic control components - valve configurations - selection criteria.
Hydraulic circuits: control of single acting and double acting cylinder, regenerative, synchronizing,
sequencing, and pressure intensifier circuits. Pneumatic circuits: meter-in, meter-out and bleed-off
circuits, fail-safe, and counter-balance circuits. Design of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits: Cascade
and sequential logic circuit - Compound circuit – Step counter circuit. Telescopic cylinder -
Accumulator circuits.

9.Kinematics, Velocity & Accelerations in Mechanisms

Introduction, mechanisms and machines, terminology, planar mechanism - Kinematic diagram and
inversion, Mobility, Coincident joints, Grubber and Grashoff’s law, four bar, single and double slider
mechanisms and their inversions. Velocity and acceleration in planar mechanisms - Relative velocity
method, Coriolis component of acceleration, Kennedy’s Theorem, Instantaneous Centre method. Two
position and Three position synthesis of planar mechanism - Graphical and analytical methods -
Freudenstein equation.

10.Dynamic Force, Balancing & Vibration Analysis

Introduction-D’ Alembert’s principle-static and inertial force analysis of reciprocating engine
Equivalent dynamic system. Turning moment diagram-four stroke engine multicylinder engine-design
of flywheel of IC engine-design of flywheel rim- design of flywheel of punching press. Static and
Dynamic Balancing of Rotating Masses, Balancing of Reciprocating Masses. Introduction to vibration
- Terminologies - Single degree of freedom- damped and undamped- free and forced vibration –
Vibration isolation and Transmissibility. Transverse vibrations of shafts – Whirling of shaft Torsional
vibration of single rotor and two rotors’ systems.

11.Cams, Gears, Governors & Gyroscopes

Cams: Types of cams – Types of followers – Definitions – Motions of the followers – Layout of cam
profiles. Gear: terminology, fundamental of gearing, involute profile, interference and undercutting,
minimum number of teeth, contact ratio - Gear trains: simple, compound and epicyclic. Governors:
Centrifugal Governors- types and its characteristics - Working principle of electronic governor.
Gyroscope – Gyroscopic Effects on the Movement of airplanes and Ships – Gyroscope Stabilization.
 THERMODYNAMICS
1.Basic Concepts & Laws of Thermodynamics
Systems and control volume, properties of a system, state and equilibrium, quasi-static
equilibrium, processes and cycles, forms of energy, pressure, work and heat transfer, temperature
and the Zeroth law of thermodynamics. Phases of a pure substance, phase change process of pure
substances, property diagrams for phase change processes, vapour property tables, Ideal gas
equation of state, real gases- Van der Waals equation of state, compressibility factor, Benedict-
Webb Rubin equation. Energy analysis of closed and open systems, energy analysis of steady flow
devices-boiler, turbine, heat exchangers, pumps and nozzles, energy analysis of unsteady flow
processes, limitations of the first law of thermodynamics. Thermal energy reservoirs, heat
engines, heat pumps and refrigerators, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statement and their
equivalence, reversible and irreversible processes, Carnot cycle, Carnot principles,
thermodynamic temperature scale, Entropy, Clausius-inequality, Tads equations, entropy change,
entropy balance, the increase of entropy principles, Exergy- availability and irreversibility.
Maxwell relations, Clapeyron equation, General equations for du, dh, ds, CVS and Cp, Joule-
Thomson coefficient.

2.Vapour, Gas power cycles & mixtures

Carnot vapour power cycle, Ideal Rankine cycle, ideal re-heat Rankine cycle, ideal regenerative
Rankine cycle, the effect of isentropic efficiencies, Air standard assumptions, Otto, Diesel cycle,
Brayton, Stirling cycle and Ericsson cycles. Composition of the gas mixture, mole and mass
fractions, Dalton’s law, Magat’s law, properties of gas mixtures.

3. IC Engines
Working principle of 2-stroke and 4-stroke SI and CI engines - Valve and port timing diagrams,
Wankel engine, simple carburettor - Ignition system - Combustion stages in SI and CI engine -
Knocking and detonation - Fuel injection system - MPFI, CRDI, GDI – Rating of fuels - Cooling
system, Lubrication system - super charging and Turbo charging. Performance test - Measurement
of Brake power, indicated power and Frictional power, Fuel consumption, Air consumption - Heat
balance test - Morse test and Retardation test on IC engine.

4.Air Compressor, Steam & Gas turbine

Reciprocating compressors - Construction - Working - Effect of clearance volume – Multi staging
– Volumetric efficiency – Isothermal efficiency. Steam Nozzles – One-dimensional steady flow of
steam through a convergent and divergent nozzle – Metastable flow. Steam turbine – Impulse and
Reaction turbine – Performance Gas turbine - Open and Closed cycle gas turbine, Reheating,
Regeneration and Intercooling.

5.Refrigeration & Air-conditioning

Air refrigeration system - Vapour compression refrigeration system - Components - Working - P
H and T-S diagrams - Calculation of COP - Effect of sub-cooling and super-heating – Selection
and properties of refrigerant - Vapour absorption system - NH3 - water system, Vapour adsorption
system. Cryogenic engineering - Introduction, Application, Cryo-coolers. Types of air-
conditioning system and its working principle – Psychrometry - Psychrometric properties,
processes and chart – heating and cooling load calculations.

6.Conduction
Fundamental laws; Identification of significant modes of heat transfer in practical applications.
General equation of heat conduction in cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates; One
Dimensional steady state conduction in simple geometries - plane wall, cylindrical and spherical
shells; Electrical analogy; Conduction in composite walls and shells; Critical thickness of
insulation; Thermal contact resistance; Overall heat transfer coefficient; One dimensional steady
conduction heat transfer with internal heat generation in plane walls, cylinders and spheres.
Extended surfaces (Fins). Conduction shape factor; Unsteady state heat transfer - Systems with
negligible internal resistance - Lumped heat capacity analysis; Infinite bodies - f lat plate, cylinder
and sphere; Semi-Infinite bodies - Chart solutions.

7.Convection
Equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Boundary layers for flow over a flat
plate, curved objects and flow through circular pipes. External flow over flat plate, cylinder,
sphere and bank of tubes; Internal flow through circular and non - 33 circular pipes. Flow over
vertical, horizontal and inclined plates; Flow over cylinders and spheres; Combined free and
forced Convection; Introductory concepts of boiling and condensation.

8.Heat Exchanger, Radiation & Mass Transfer

Classification of heat exchanger, LMTD, AMTD, Design of heat exchanger; Concentric pipe heat
exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, cross - flow heat exchanger; Analysis epsilon - NTU
method; Introduction to compact heat exchanger. Terminology and laws; black body, grey body;
Radiation from real surfaces; Effect of orientation - view factor; Equivalent emissivity method,
electrical analogy - surface and space resistances. Radiation shields. Basic concepts - diffusion
mass transfer - Fick’s law of diffusion - steady state molecular diffusion - convective mass
transfer - momentum, heat and mass transfer analogy - convective mass transfer correlations.
 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

1.Circuits
Basic circuit elements and sources; Ohms law, Kirchhoff's laws; Series and parallel connection of
circuit elements; Source transformation; Node voltage analysis; Mesh current analysis; Maximum
power transfer theorem. Alternating voltages and currents, RMS, average, form factor, peak factor;
Single phase RL, RC, RLC series and parallel circuits; Power and power factor; Balanced three phase
systems Response of second order circuit (RLC): series, parallel and complex circuits. Series and
parallel resonance condition. Electromagnetic Induction: Self and mutual; Magnetically coupled
circuits; Series and parallel magnetic circuits; Dot convention.

2.Machines
Principle of operation, construction and applications of DC machines, transformers, induction
motors, synchronous generators, stepper motor, Brushless DC (BLDC) motor, permanent magnet
synchronous motor (PMSM), linear motor – applications. Single phase and three phase AC-DC and
DC-AC converters, DC-DC converters. Fundamentals of electrical drives – converter fed DC motor
drive – chopper fed DC motor drive – braking – applications. Inverter fed induction motor drive and
synchronous motor drive – slip power recovery schemes – braking – applications. Principle,
construction and operation of moving coil and moving iron instruments; power and energy
measurement in single phase and three phase systems. Concepts of electrical power generation,
transmission and distribution systems; wiring; electrical safety; earthing; protective devices.

3.Network Theory
Definition of terms. Matrices associated with graphs: incidence, reduced incidence, fundamental cut-
set and fundamental tie-set. Significance and applications of one port and two port networks. Two port
network analysis using Admittance (Y) parameters, Impedance (Z) parameters and Hybrid (h)
parameters. Interconnection of Two port networks Concept of filtering. Filter types: Low-pass, High-
pass, Band-pass and Band-stop and their characteristics. Design of attenuators: T, π, Lattice and
Bridged-T types, Equalizers.

4.Signal system & Processing

Signal classification – Types of signals: Unit impulse, unit step, ramp, sign, and exponential signals –-
continuous and discrete, Sampling, Operations on signals – Analogy between vectors and signals –
Concept of linearly dependent and independent vectors, Orthogonality – Mean square error –
Computation of energy, power, periodicity, Norms and moments of signals, – Distance metrics for
signals. Classification of systems – Linearity, time invariance, stability, Invertibility, Causality and
memory systems. Interconnection of systems. Systems defined by differential & difference equations-
Impulse and step response of the systems. Transmission of signals through LTI systems - Convolution
and Correlation for CT and DT systems the response of LTI systems to complex exponentials, Digital
Signal Processors Fixed-point and Floating-point coefficients, finite word length effects
5.Fourier, Laplace & Z Transforms
Representation of Continuous Time Periodic Signals, Gibb’s phenomena, Properties of CTFS, Fourier
series representation of Discrete Time Periodic Signals, Properties of DTFS, Power spectral density.
Representation of aperiodic continuous signals: The Continuous Time Fourier Transform, The Fourier
Transform for Periodic Signals, Properties of CTFT, Systems characterized by linear constant-
coefficient Differential Equations. Representation of aperiodic discrete signals: The Discrete Time
Fourier Transform, The Fourier Transform for Periodic Signals, Properties of DTFT, DTFT of systems
characterized by linear constant-coefficient Difference Equations. Energy spectral density Magnitude
and phase response of the systems, Group delay, Representation of signals: In-phase and quadrature
phase components, Hilbert transform – Pre and complex envelopes. Processing of bandpass signals
through bandpass systems. Impulse train sampling -Zero order hold, Nyquist criteria – Aliasing -
Reconstruction – Ideal filtering. Dirichlet’s Conditions, Magnitude and phase response, Parseval’s
theorem, Radix-2 FFT Algorithms – Decimation in Time & Decimation in Frequency. Laplace and Z
Transform Laplace transform: Definition – ROC – Properties – S-plane causality and BIBO stability –
Transfer function – Unilateral Laplace transform: Solution of differential equations with initial
conditions. Z-transform: Definition - S-plane to Z-plane mapping - ROC – Properties of Z-transform.
System analysis – Transfer function - Causality- BIBO stability – Unilateral Z-transform, Solution of.
Difference equations with initial conditions, Inverse z-transform, Solution to difference equations
using z transform, Region of convergence, Stability analysis.

6.Electronic Components
Evolution of Electronics - Impact of Electronics in Industry and Society - Familiarization of
Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors Colour Coding types and specifications, Electro-mechanical
components Relay and Contactors Regulated Power supply, Function Generator-MultiMate- CRO
Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors - doping PN Junctions, Formation of Junction, Physical
operation of diode, Barrier Potential, I - V Characteristics, Rectifiers, Zener diode I-V Characteristics,
Zener diode as Voltage regulator. Introduction to semiconductors, p-n junction and its characteristics,
Bipolar Junction Transistor: Device structure and physical operation, current-voltage characteristics.
Field Effect Transistor (FET): MOS Capacitor: Device Structure and mode of operation, C- V
Characteristics, Threshold Voltage. SCR’s and Thyristors. Bipolar Junction Transistor: Biasing, DC
Analysis of BJT Circuits, BJT amplifier configuration (CE, CB and CC) - FET - Biasing, DC Analysis
of FET, FET amplifier configuration (CS, CG, and CD). Half and Full Adders-Half and Full
Subtractors - Code converters - Encoder Decoder -Multiplexer- Demultiplexer - Binary/ BCD adders,
subtractors - Carry look ahead adder- parity checker-parity generators- Magnitude comparator.
Sequential circuits – Latches and Flip-flops (D, T, S-R, J-K) shift registers, applications of shift
registers, serial to parallel converter, parallel to serial converter, Synchronous (Ring and Johnson) and
Asynchronous (UP/DOWN) counters design using flip flops.

7.Amplifiers, Oscillators and Filters

BJT Circuits: DC biasing, AC coupling and small-signal analysis of amplifiers, Frequency response of
a CE amplifier, the three frequency bands, Unity gain frequency, Miller Capacitance, Multistage
amplifiers. MOSFET Circuits: DC biasing, AC coupling and small- signal analysis of amplifiers,
Frequency response of a CS amplifier, Unity gain frequency, Miller Capacitance, Multistage
amplifiers. Power Amplifiers, Power Transistors, Classes of Amplifiers, Class A Power Amplifiers,
Class B, Class AB Push-Pull Complementary Output Stages. Introduction to Current Mirror – Basic,
Wilson and Cascade Current Mirror, MOSFET Basic Differential Pair, Large Signal and Small Signal
Analysis of Differential Amplifier, Differential Amplifier with active load. Operational amplifier,
Ideal and Nonideal characteristics of OP-AMP, DC and AC characteristics - Operational amplifier
with negative feedback: Voltage Series, Voltage Shunt feedback amplifier - Applications of OP-AMP -
summing, scaling, and averaging amplifiers, I/V and V/I converter, Integrator, Differentiator,
Instrumentation amplifiers and Precision Rectifiers. Comparators and Waveform Generators
Comparator and its applications - Schmitt trigger - Free-running, One-shot Multivibrators - Barkhouse
Criterion - Sinewave generators - Phase-shift and Wein-bridge oscillators - Square, Triangular and
Saw tooth wave function generators. Active filters and Data Converters Filter classifications: First and
second order Low-pass and High pass filter designs, Band- pass filter, Notch filter. Sample-and-hold
circuits, DAC characteristics, D/A conversion techniques, A/D characteristics, A/D conversion
techniques. ICs IC 555 t timer, A stable and Monostable operations, and applications. IC voltage
regulator - LM317. Feedback concept, Oscillators - Barkhouse’s criteria for sustained oscillation, RC
Phase Shift Oscillator, LC Oscillator. Design characteristics of FIR filters with linear- phase –
Frequency response of linear phase FIR 17 f filters, Design of FIR filters using windowing techniques
-Rectangular, Bartlett, Hamming, Hanning and Blackman. Analog low pass filter Butterworth and
Chebyshev approximations, frequency transformation, Bilinear Transformation Technique Basic FIR
and IIR digital f filter structures - Direct Forms, Cascade, Parallel, Lattice and Lattice-Ladder
structures

8.Digital Electronics
Number systems, conversion of bases Boolean Algebra: Basic definitions, Axiomatic definition of
Boolean Algebra, Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean Algebra, Boolean Functions, Canonical
and Standard Forms, Simplification of Boolean functions. Gate-Level Minimization: The Map
Method (K-map up to 4 variable), Product of Sums and Sum of Products Simplification, NAND and
NOR Implementation. Logic Families: Digital Logic Gates, TTL and CMOS logic families. Lexical
Conventions, Ports and Modules, Operators, Dataflow Modelling, Gate Level Modelling, Behavioural
Modelling, Test Bench Design Procedure, Half Adder, Full Adder, Half Subtractor, Full Subtractor,
Decoders, Encoders, Multiplexers, De-multiplexers, Parity generator and checker, Applications of
Decoder, Multiplexer and De-multiplexer. Modelling of Combinational logic circuits using Verilog
HDL. N-bit Parallel Adder/Subtractor, Carry Look Ahead Adder, Unsigned Array Multiplier, Booth
Multiplier, 4-Bit Magnitude comparator. Modelling of data path circuits 13 using Verilog HDL.
Latches, Flip-Flops - SR, D, JK & T, Buffer Registers, Shift Registers - SISO, SIPO, PISO, PIPO,
Design of synchronous sequential circuits: state table and state diagrams, Design of counters:
Modulo-n, Johnson, Ring, Up/Down, Asynchronous counter. Modelling of sequential logic circuits
using Verilog HDL. Finite state Machine (FSM): Mealy FSM and Moore FSM, Design Example:
Sequence detection, Modelling of FSM using Verilog HDL Types of Programmable Logic Devices:
PLA, PAL, CPLD, FPGA Generic Architecture.

9.Microprocessors & Microcontrollers

Introduction to Microprocessors, 8-bit/16-bit Microprocessor, Overview of Intel Pentium, I (i3, i5, i7)
Series Processor. Intel x86 8 hours 16-bit Microprocessor: 8086 - Architecture and Addressing modes,
Memory Segmentation, Instruction Set, Assembly Language Processing, Programming with DOS and
BIOS function calls, minimum and maximum mode configuration, Programmable Peripheral Interface
(8255), Programmable Timer Controller (8254), Memory Interface to 8086. Intel 8051 7 hours
Microcontroller 8051 - Organization and Architecture, RAM-ROM Organization, Machine Cycle,
Instruction set: Addressing modes, Data Processing - Stack, Arithmetic, Logical; Branching –
Unconditional and Conditional, Assembly programming. I/O Ports, Timers-Counters, Serial
Communication and Interrupts LCD, LED, Keypad, Analog-to-Digital Convertors, Digital-to-Analog
Convertors, Sensor with Signal Conditioning Interface. ARM Design Philosophy; Overview of ARM
architecture; States [ARM, Thumb, Jazelle]; Registers, Modes; Conditional Execution; Pipelining;
Vector Tables; Exception handling. ARM Instruction- data processing instructions, branch
instructions, load store instructions, SWI Instruction, Loading instructions, conditional Execution,
Assembly Programming.

10.VLSI
VLSI Design Flow, Design Hierarchy, Concepts of Regularity, Modularity and Locality, VLSI Design
Styles, Design Quality, MOSFET: Device Structure, Electrical behaviour of MOS transistors,
Capacitance- Voltage Characteristics and Non-ideal Effects; Effects of scaling on MOSFETs and
Interconnects. CMOS Inverter: DC Transfer Characteristics, Static and Dynamic Behaviour, CMOS
Basic Gates, Compound Gates, CMOS Sequential Logic Design – Latches and Flip Flops CMOS
Process Technology N-well, P-well Process, latch up in CMOS technology, Stick Diagram for
Boolean Functions using Euler Theorem, Layout Design Rule Delay Estimation, Logical Effort and
Transistor Sizing, Performance Estimation - Static & Dynamic Power Dissipation. Pass Transistor
Logic, Transmission Gates based Logic Design, pseudo NMOS, Cascade Voltage Switch Logic
Dynamic and domino logic, clocked CMOS (C2MOS) logic and np – CMOS logic. Introduction to
Static timing analysis, Setup Time, Hold Time, calculation of critical path, slack, setup and hold time
violations. Introduction, Types - Read-Only Memory (ROM) Circuits, Static Read-Write Memory
(SRAM) and Dynamic Read Write Memory (DRAM) Circuits

11.Sensors
Sensor fundamentals and characteristics General concepts and terminology of measurement systems,
Sensors and transducers Classification of sensors, Static and dynamic 12 characteristics. Principle of
Resistive Sensors, Capacitive Sensors, Inductive Sensors, Magnetic sensors, Optical sensor, Self-
generating Sensors. Position and Speed Measurement- Proximity Sensors and Switches,
Potentiometer, Linear Variable Differential Transformer, Digital Optical Encoder; Stress and Strain
Measurement - Electrical Resistance Strain Gauge, Measuring Resistance Changes with a Wheatstone
Bridge, Measuring Different States of Stress with Strain Gauges. Force Measurement with Load
Cells; Temperature Measurement- Liquid-in-Glass Thermometer, 35 Bimetallic Strip, Electrical
Resistance Thermometer, Thermocouple; Vibration and Acceleration Measurement - Piezoelectric
Accelerometer; Pressure and Flow Measurement; Captive sensors- Fiber optic sensors-Semiconductor
Sensors and Microelectromechanical Devices: IMU, Gyroscope.

12.Measurements and Instruments

Basic elements of instrumentation systems – Sensors and Transducers – Active and Passive
Transducers - Errors – Calibration – standards - static and dynamic characteristics of instruments.
Transduction principle – Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive, Piezoresistive, Piezoelectric, optical,
Photovoltaic, Thermoelectric, Acoustic and Hall effect. Motion Measurement: Displacement
measurement using different types of Proximity Sensors, Potentiometers, LVDT, RVDT, Optical
Encoders. Speed measurement using encoders and tacho-generators, accelerometers, gyroscopes,
magnetometers. Force and Torque Measurement: Strain gauge and piezo electric transductors for
Force and Torque measurements, Load cells, Dynamometers. Pressure Measurement: Basics of
Pressure measurement, Manometers, Bourdon gauges, elastic transducers – diaphragms and bellows,
Vacuum Pressure measurement. Temperature Sensors: Thermometers, Metallic Sensors, RTD,
Thermistors, Thermocouples, IC sensors. Flow Sensors: Venturi-tubes, Rotameters, Anemometers.
Amplifiers, bridges, filters, analogy to digital and digital to analogy conversion, Data acquisition
system, Error Compensation circuits. Transmission and Storage: Cables, Buses, Fibre-optic, Radio-
telemetry, storage and retrieval systems. Indicating Devices: Analog meters – Voltmeter and Ammeter,
Digital meters – Multi-meter, Oscilloscopes, Digital Displays. Electromagnetic Principles-Solenoids
and Relays-Electric Motors- DC Motors-Stepper Motors-Hydraulics- Hydraulic Valves, Hydraulic
Actuators; Pneumatics. Introduction to Data Acquisition-Quantizing Theory-Analog-to-Digital
Conversion- Digital-to- Analog Conversion Signal Conditioning-Computer Based Instrumentation
Systems-Software Design and Development-Data Recording and Logging-The Intelligent
Multivariable Measurement System. Linear and angular measurements – taper measurement, threads,
surface finish, inspection of straightness, flatness and alignment- Comparators - Gear Testing-
Coordinate measuring machines, Optical Tool Maker’s Microscope, Profile Projector. Units and
standards, Errors, Functional Elements of a Measurement System and Instruments, Applications and
Classification of Instruments, Types of measured Quantities, Measures of Dispersion, Sample
deviation and sample mean, Calibration and standard.

13.Mechatronics
Introduction to Mechatronics system, Key elements, Mechatronics system design process, Types of
design, Comparison between Traditional and Mechatronics approach. Hardware Components in
Mechatronics systems, Mechanisms, Sensors, Actuators, Controllers – Power and Data transfer, signal
conditioning and processing, Issues with interfacing and Troubleshooting. Software for Mechatronics,
Needs and implementation, Control and Intelligence through Software integration for embedded
controllers, Issues with software design and Troubleshooting. Introduction to data acquisition-
Interface and communication standards, User interfaces in automation, Real time interfacing, Human
Machine Interfaces, Fundamentals of graphical programming, DAQ Interfacing and Control systems
design. Modelling and Simulation, Model based Design techniques, Hardware-in-loop Simulations –
Code Implementation and Automatic Code generation – Validation and Verification - Installation and
testing. Case studies in design and integration of components in mechatronics systems such as
industrial robot, motion control systems, Embedded vehicle control system, 3D printers, micro-robot,
mechatronic control in automated manufacturing, machine tool control systems, automated dispensing
systems. Cyber-Physical Systems- home security using IoT, ADAS systems, electronic stability
control, Online surface measurement using image processing, automated testing and inspection
systems, bio mechatronics, bionic arm, waste management, precision agriculture- crop monitoring and
analysis

14.Robotics
Manipulator configuration (examples with product specification): two link planar, Cartesian,
Cylindrical, Polar, Articulated, SCARA, Delta and Stewart platform – CAD modelling of manipulator
configuration (students by own) – Analysis of Positioning Systems (Actuator + Gear reduction unit):
open-loop study with stepper motor, Closed-loop study with servo motor – Precision in Positioning
system: control resolution, accuracy and repeatability– Harmonic drives in robotic manipulators. DOF
– C-space: Topology and representation, velocity constraints – Rigid body Motion: Description of
position, orientations and frames – Changing descriptions from frame to frame (Homogeneous matrix)
– Operation: Translation, rotation (rotation and Euler matrix) and transformation – Denavit-
Hartenberg representation – Numerical. Forward and Inverse kinematics: Two link planar (RR),
cylindrical robot (RPP) and articulated arm (RRR)with Modelling and 3D virtual realization – other
manipulators configurations: 6DOF articulated robotic arm, SCARA and Stewart Angular velocity –
Velocity kinematic: Jacobian for 2 link planar (RPP), cylindrical robot (RPP) and articulated arm
(RRR) – Forward and inverse dynamics of simple pendulum, double stage pendulum and two link
planar. Path Planning – Trajectory planning – Classification of Trajectory planning - Join space
schemes: Cubic polynomials – Cubic polynomials via point – Higher order polynomials – Linear
function with parabolic blends – Cartesian space schemes: Geometric problems with Cartesian paths –
two link planar trajectory planning. Linear control of manipulator: second-order linear system, control
of second order system trajectory following control, disturbance rejection – Non-linear control:
Control problems in manipulators, multi-input and multi-output control system – Lyapunov stability
analysis – adaptive control. Gripper definitions and conceptual basics – Grasping in Natural system –
Prehension strategy – Gripping procedure, conditions and force – Gripper Flexibility – Gripper
Requirements and gripper characteristics – Planning and selection of grippers – Impactive mechanical
39 grippers: Single and multi-grippers– Ingressive gripper – Astrictive prehension – Special grippers:
Micro-grippers, soft grippers, compliance gripper.
 COMPUTER SCIENCE

1.Structural & Object Oriented Programming using C++

Variables - Reserved words – Data Types – Operators – Operator Precedence - Expressions - Type
Conversions - I/O statements - Branching and Looping: if, if-else, nested if, if-else ladder, switch
statement, goto statement - Loops: for, while and do…while – break and continue statements. Arrays:
One Dimensional array - Two-Dimensional Array – Strings and its operations. User Defined
Functions: Declaration – Definition – call by value and call by reference - Types of Functions -
Recursive functions - Storage Classes - Scope, Visibility and Lifetime of Variables Declaration and
Access of Pointer Variables, Pointer arithmetic – Dynamic memory allocation – Pointers and arrays -
Pointers and functions. Declaration, Initialization, Access of Structure Variables - Arrays of Structure -
Arrays within Structure - Structure within Structures - Structures and Functions – Pointers to
Structure - Features of OOP - Classes and Objects - “this” pointer - Constructors and Destructors -
Static Data Members, Static Member Functions and Objects - Inline Functions – Call by reference -
Functions with default Arguments - Functions with Objects as Arguments - Friend Functions and
Friend Classes. Inheritance - Types of Inheritance: Single inheritance, Multiple Inheritance, Multi-
level Inheritance, Hierarchical Inheritance - Multipath Inheritance - Inheritance and constructors.
.Function Overloading - Operator Overloading – Dynamic Polymorphism - Virtual Functions - Pure
virtual Functions - Abstract Classes. Function templates and class templates, Standard Template
Library

2.Theory Of Computation
Introduction to Languages and Grammars 4 hours Recall on Proof techniques in Mathematics -
Overview of a Computational Models - Languages and Grammars - Alphabets - Strings - Operations
on Languages, Overview on Automata Finite Automata (FA) - Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) -
Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) - NFA with epsilon transitions – NFA without epsilon
transition, conversion of NFA to DFA, Equivalence of NFA and DFA – minimization of DFA Regular
Expression - FA and Regular Expressions: FA to regular expression and regular expression to FA -
Pattern matching and regular expressions - Regular grammar and FA - Pumping lemma for regular
languages - Closure properties of regular languages Context-Free Grammar (CFG) – Derivations -
Parse Trees - Ambiguity in CFG - CYK algorithm – Simplification of CFG – Elimination of Useless
symbols, Unit productions, Null productions - Normal forms for CFG: CNF and GNF - Pumping
Lemma for CFL - Closure Properties of CFL Definition of the Pushdown automata - Languages of a
Pushdown automata – Power of Non-Deterministic Pushdown Automata and Deterministic pushdown
automata Turing Machines as acceptor and transducer - Multi head and Multi tape Turing Machines –
Universal Turing Machine - The Halting problem - Turing-Church thesis Recursive and Recursively
Enumerable Languages, Language that is not Recursively 15 Enumerable (RE) – computable
functions – Chomsky Hierarchy – Undecidable problems - Post’s Correspondence

3.DSA
Importance of algorithms and data structures - Fundamentals of algorithm analysis: Space and time
complexity of an algorithm, Types of asymptotic notations and orders of growth - Algorithm
efficiency – best case, worst case, average case - Analysis of non-recursive and recursive algorithms -
Asymptotic analysis for recurrence relation: Iteration Method, Substitution Method, Master Method
and Recursive Tree Method Arrays: 1D and 2D array- Stack - Applications of stack: Expression
Evaluation, Conversion of Infix to postfix and prefix expression, Tower of Hanoi – Queue - Types of
Queues: Circular Queue, Double Ended Queue (dequeue) - Applications – List: Singly linked lists,
doubly linked lists, Circular linked lists- Applications: Polynomial Manipulation. Searching: Linear
Search and binary search – Applications. Sorting: Insertion sort, Selection sort, Bubble sort, Counting
sort, Quick sort, Merge sort - Analysis of sorting algorithms. Introduction - Binary Tree: Definition
and Properties - Tree Traversals- Expression Trees: - Binary Search Trees - Operations in BST:
insertion, deletion, f inding min and max, finding the kth minimum element. Terminology –
Representation of Graph – Graph Traversal: Breadth First Search (BFS), Depth First Search (DFS) -
Minimum Spanning Tree: Prim's, Kruskal's - Single Source Shortest Path: Dijkstra’s Algorithm.
Module:6 Hashing 4 hours Hash functions - Separate chaining - Open hashing: Linear probing,
Quadratic probing, Double hashing - Closed hashing - Random probing – Rehashing - Extendible
hashing. Heaps - Heap sort- Applications -Priority Queue using Heaps. AVL trees: Terminology, basic
operations (rotation, insertion and deletion).

4.DAA
Overview and Importance of Algorithms - Stages of algorithm development: Describing the problem,
identifying a suitable technique, Design of an algorithm, Derive Time Complexity, Proof of
Correctness of the algorithm, Illustration of Design Stages - Greedy techniques: Fractional 23
Knapsack Problem, and Huffman coding - Divide and Conquer: Maximum Subarray, Karatsuba faster
integer multiplication algorithm. Dynamic programming: Assembly Line Scheduling, Matrix Chain
Multiplication, Longest Common Subsequence, 0-1 Knapsack, TSP- Backtracking: N-Queens
problem, Subset Sum, Graph Colouring- Branch & Bound: LIFO-BB and FIFO BB methods: Job
Selection problem, 0-1 Knapsack Problem Naïve String-matching Algorithms, KMP algorithm,
Rabin-Karp Algorithm, Suffix Trees. All pair shortest path: Bellman Ford Algorithm, Floyd-War shall
Algorithm - Network Flows: Flow Networks, Maximum Flows: Ford-Fulkerson, Edmond-Karp, Push
Re-label Algorithm – Application of Max Flow to maximum matching problem Line Segments:
Properties, Intersection, sweeping lines - Convex Hull f inding algorithms: Graham’s Scan, Jarvis’
March Algorithm. Randomized quick sort - The hiring problem - Finding the global Minimum Cut.
The Class P - The Class NP - Reducibility and NP-completeness – SAT (Problem Definition and
statement), 3SAT, Independent Set, Clique, Approximation Algorithm – Vertex Cover, Set Cover and
Travelling salesman

5.CAO
Overview of Organization and Architecture –Functional components of a computer: Registers and
register f iles - Interconnection of components - Overview of IAS computer function - Organization of
the von Neumann machine - Harvard architecture - CISC & RISC Architectures Algorithms for fixed
point arithmetic operations: Multiplication (Booths, Modified Booths), Division (restoring and non-
restoring) - Algorithms for floating point arithmetic operations - Representation of nonnumeric data
(character codes). Computer Instructions: Instruction sets, Instruction Set Architecture, Instruction
formats, Instruction set categories - Addressing modes - Phases of instruction cycle – ALU - Data-
path and control unit: Hardwired control unit and Micro programmed control unit - Performance
metrics: Execution time calculation, MIPS, MFLOPS. Memory systems hierarchy: Characteristics,
Byte Storage methods, Conceptual view of memory cell - Design of scalable memory using RAM’s-
ROM’s chips - Construction of larger size memories - Memory Interleaving - Memory interface
address map- Cache memory: principles, Cache memory management techniques, Types of caches,
caches misses, Mean memory access time evaluation of cache. I/O fundamentals: handshaking,
buffering, I/O Modules - I/O techniques: Programmed I/O, Interrupt-driven I/O, Direct 24 Memory
Access, Direct Cache Access - Interrupt structures: Vectored and Prioritized interrupt overhead -
Buses: Synchronous and asynchronous - Arbitration. Subsystems. Solid state drivers - Organization
and Structure of disk drives: Electronic- magnetic and optical technologies - Reliability of memory
systems - Error detecting and error correcting systems - RAID Levels - I/O Performance
Classification of models - Flynn’s taxonomy of parallel machine models (SISD, SIMD, MISD,
MIMD) - Pipelining: Two stages, Multi stage pipelining, Basic performance issues in pipelining,
Hazards, Methods to prevent and resolve hazards and their drawbacks - Approaches to deal branches -
Superscalar architecture: Limitations of scalar pipelines, superscalar versus super pipeline
architecture, superscalar techniques, performance evaluation of superscalar architecture - performance
evaluation of parallel processors: Amdahl’s law, speed-up and efficiency.

6.DS
Need for database systems – Characteristics of Database Approach – Advantages of using DBMS
approach - Actors on the Database Management Scene: Database Administrator - Classification of
database management systems - Data Models - Schemas and Instances - Three-Schema Architecture -
The Database System Environment - Centralized and Client/Server Architectures for DBMSs –
Overall Architecture of Database Management Systems Relational Model: Candidate Keys, Primary
Keys, Foreign Keys - Integrity 25 Constraints - Handling of Nulls - Entity Relationship Model: Types
of Attributes, Relationships, Structural Constraints, Relational model Constraints – Mapping ER
model to a relational schema – Extended ER Model - Generalization – Specialization – Aggregations.
Database Design – Schema Refinement - Guidelines for Relational Schema - Functional dependencies
- Axioms on Functional Dependencies- Normalization: First, Second and Third Normal Forms -
Boyce Codd Normal Form, Multi-valued dependency and Fourth Normal form - Join dependency and
Fifth Normal form File Organization - Indexing: Single level indexing, multi-level indexing, dynamic
multilevel Indexing - B+ Tree Indexing – Hashing Techniques: Static and Dynamic Hashing –
Relational Algebra - Translating SQL Queries into Relational Algebra - Query Processing – Query
Optimization: Algebraic Query Optimization, Heuristic query optimization Rules, Join Query
Optimization using Indexing and Hashing - Tuple Relational Calculus. Introduction to Transaction
Processing – Transaction concepts: ACID Properties of Transactions, Transaction States - Serial and
Serializable Schedules - Schedules based on recoverability – Schedules based on Serializability -
Conflict Serializability - Recovery Concepts: Log Based Recovery Protocols, Recovery based on
deferred update, Recovery techniques based on immediate update – Shadow Paging Algorithm
Concurrent Transactions – Lost Update Problem - Concurrency Control Techniques: Time Stamp
Based Protocols, Thomas Write Rule, Lock Based Protocols, Lock Compatibility Matrix, - Two-Phase
Locking Protocol - Lock Conversions - Graph Based Protocols for Concurrency Control - Tree
Protocol for Concurrency Control – Deadlocks Based on Locks in Transactions – Deadlock Handling
Techniques – Transaction Deadlock Detection Techniques – Transaction Deadlock Prevention
Techniques – Multi-Granularity Locking for avoiding Transaction Deadlocks. Need of NoSQL, CAP
Theorem, different NoSQL data bases: Key-value data stores, Columnar families, Document
databases, Graph databases
7.OS
Functionality of OS - OS design issues - Structuring methods (monolithic, layered, modular, micro-
kernel models) - Abstractions, processes, resources - Influence of security, networking, and
multimedia. System calls, System/Application Call Interface – Protection: User/Kernel modes -
Interrupts -Processes - Structures (Process Control Block, Ready List etc.), Process creation,
management in Unix – Threads: User level, kernel level threads and thread models Processes
Scheduling - CPU Scheduling: Pre-emptive, non-pre emptive - Multiprocessor scheduling –
Deadlocks - Resource allocation and management - Deadlock handling mechanisms: prevention,
avoidance, detection, recovery. Inter-process communication, Synchronization - Implementing
synchronization primitives (Peterson’s solution, Bakery algorithm, synchronization hardware) -
Semaphores – Classical synchronization problems, Monitors: Solution to Dining 26 Philosophers
problem – IPC in Unix, Multiprocessors and Locking - Scalable Locks - Lock-free coordination. Main
memory management, Memory allocation strategies, Virtual memory: Hardware support for virtual
memory (caching, TLB) – Paging - Segmentation - Demand Paging - Page Faults - Page Replacement
Thrashing - Working Set. Virtual Machines - Virtualization (Hardware/Software, Server, Service,
Network - Hypervisors - Container virtualization - Cost of virtualization - File system interface
(access methods, directory structures) - File system implementation (directory implementation, file
allocation methods) - File system recovery - Journaling - Soft updates - Log-structured file system -
Distributed file system. Disk structure and attachment – Disk scheduling algorithms (seek time,
rotational latency based)- System threats and security – Policy vs mechanism - Access vs
authentication - Agenda Item 65/39 - Annexure - 35 System protection: Access matrix – Capability
based systems - OS: performance, scaling, future directions in mobile OS.

8.Compiler Design
Introduction to LLVM - Structure and Phases of a Compiler-Design Issues-Patterns- Lexemes-Tokens
Attributes-Specification of Tokens-Extended Regular Expression- Regular expression to Deterministic
Finite Automata (Direct method) - Lex - A Lexical Analyzer Generator. Role of Parser- Parse Tree -
Elimination of Ambiguity – Top-Down Parsing - Recursive Descent Parsing - LL (1) Grammars –
Shift Reduce Parsers- Operator Precedence Parsing - LR Parsers, Construction of SLR Parser Tables
and Parsing- CLR Parsing- LALR Parsing. Syntax Directed Definition – Evaluation Order -
Applications of Syntax Directed Translation - Syntax Directed Translation Schemes - Implementation
of L-attributed Syntax Directed Definition. Variants of Syntax trees - Three Address Code- Types –
Declarations - Procedures - Assignment Statements - Translation of Expressions - Control Flow -
Back Patching- Switch Case Statements. Loop optimizations- Principal Sources of Optimization -
Introduction to Data Flow Analysis - Basic Blocks - Optimization of Basic Blocks - Peephole
Optimization- The DAG Representation of Basic Blocks -Loops in Flow Graphs - Machine
Independent Optimization- Implementation of a naïve code generator for a virtual Machine- Security
checking of virtual machine code. Issues in the design of a code generator- Target Machine- Next-Use
Information - Register Allocation and Assignment- Runtime Organization- Activation Records.
Parallelization- Automatic Parallelization- Optimizations for Cache Locality and Vectorization-
Domain Specific Languages-Compilation- Instruction Scheduling and Software Pipelining- Impact of
Language Design and Architecture Evolution on Compilers- Static Single Assignment .

9. Computer Networks
Data Communications and Networking: A Communications Model – Data Communications -
Evolution of network, Requirements , Applications, Network Topology (Line configuration, Data
Flow), Protocols and Standards, Network Models (OSI, TCP/IP) .Switched Communications
Networks – Circuit Switching – Packet Switching – Comparison of Circuit Switching and Packet
Switching – Implementing Network Software, Networking Parameters(Transmission Impairment,
Data Rate and Performance) .Error Detection and Correction – Hamming Code , CRC, Checksum-
Flow control mechanism – Sliding Window Protocol - Go Back - N - Selective Repeat - Multiple
access Aloha - Slotted Aloha - CSMA, CSMA/CD – IEEE Standards(IEEE802.3 (Ethernet),
IEEE802.11(WLAN))- RFID- Bluetooth Standards .IPV4 Address Space – Notations – Classful
Addressing – Classless Addressing – Network Address Translation – IPv6 Address Structure – IPv4
and IPv6 header format .Routing-Link State and Distance Vector Routing Protocols- Implementation-
Performance Analysis- Packet Tracer .TCP and UDP-Congestion Control-Effects of Congestion-
Traffic Management-TCP Congestion Control-Congestion Avoidance Mechanisms-Queuing
Mechanisms-QoS Parameters . Application layer-Domain Name System-Case Study : FTP-HTTP-
SMTP-SNMP.
 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
1.CAD
Raster-scan graphics-Coordinate Systems-Database structures for graphic modelling-Engineering
Data Management system- Transformation of geometry-3D Transformations-Clipping-Hidden
line/surface removal-Colour-Shading. Requirements of geometric modelling-Wireframe modelling-
analytical curves-Cubic spline-Bezier spline-B spline-NURBS- Solving analytical and synthetic curve
problems Surface representation Analytical and Synthetic Surfaces-Solid representation methods-
constrained based modelling-parametric modelling- Standardisation in graphics-Exchange of
modelling data software modules-software development-Efficient use of CAD software.

2.Engineering Drawing
Drawing instruments, Drawing standards (BIS), Lettering in engineering, Sheet layout, elements of
dimensioning - systems of dimensioning. Free hand sketching- Pictorial representation of engineering
objects – representation of three-dimensional objects in two-dimensional media – need for multiple
views – developing visualization skills through free hand sketching of three-dimensional objects.
Introduction to projections: General principles of orthographic projection – first angle projection –
layout of views - Projection of Points, Projection of lines. 2D drawing using CAD. Projection of
Solids: Classification of solids, Projection of solids in simple position-Solid Modelling. Sections of
Solids: Right regular solids and auxiliary views for the true shape of the sections. Development of
Surfaces, Intersection of Solids: Intersection of two solids. Isometric View/Projection: Isometric
scales, Isometric projections of simple and combination of solids. Conversion of pictorial view into
orthographic Projection- 2D drawing from 3D drawing – Missing views. Perspective Projection:
Orthographic representation of a perspective views. Conversion of Orthographic projection into
isometric view- 3D modelling from 2D drawing.

3. Machine Drawing
Drawing Sheet Layout and Drawing Standards. Use of software packages for machine drawing and
drafting. Basics of Machine Drawing: Study of basic specifications and conventional representation of
standard components i.e. Bolts, Screw, Rivets, Keys, Pins, Washers; Surface Roughness and Welding
symbols in machine drawing. Basic of Limits, Fits and Tolerances: Study of fundamental of
Deviations, Shaft and Hole Terminology, Method of placing limit dimensions. Study of different types
of Fits and Tolerances. Reading of machining grade. Use of tolerance tables. Introduction to Limits,
Fits and Tolerances in Machine Drawing: Incorporating Geometrical Tolerance and Dimensioning,
GD&T Symbols, LMC, MMC, concept in engineering drawing. Part Modelling of machine
components: 3D Modelling of standard machine components i.e. Shaft, Pulley, Springs, Plummer-
Block, Bracket. Detailed Drawing of Part: Drafting of standard machine part components into
production drawing-Orthographic Projection and Isometric Projection. Modelling and Assembly of
machine elements: 3D Modelling of standard machine elements i.e. Universal Coupling, Bench Vice,
Radial Engine. Detailed Drawing of Assembly: Drafting of standard assembly elements into
Orthographic, Isometric and Section view. Applying Bill of Material concept. Exploded Assembly
Drawing: Understanding step of assembly of components. Motion Study of Assembly: Applying
motion among components in assembly. Understanding Constraints Relations and Degree of Freedom.
4.Design of Machine Components
Design Process – Factors Considered in Design – Selection of Materials – Use of Standards in Design
– Direct, Bending and Torsional Stresses in Machine Elements - Factor of Safety – Design Stress –
Theories of Failures. Stress Concentration – Theoretical Stress Concentration Factor – Size Factor –
Surface Finish Factor – Fatigue Stress Concentration Factor – Notch Sensitivity – Variable and Cyclic
Loads – Fatigue Strength – S-N Curve – Gerber, Soderberg and Goodman Equations – Combined
Cyclic Stresses – Minor’s rule – Basquin’s equation. Stresses and Deflections of Helical Springs –
Extension Springs – Compression Springs – Springs for Fatigue Loading, Energy Storage Capacity –
Leaf Springs – Helical Torsion Springs – Flat Spiral Springs. Design of Solid and Hollow Shafts for
Strength and Rigidity – Design of Shafts for Combined Bending, Torsion and Axial Loads – Design of
Keys-Stresses in Keys – Design of Rigid and Flexible couplings. Design of Riveted Joints – Design of
Welded Joints – Design of Bolted Assembly – Direct Loading and Eccentric Loading Introduction to
Cotter and Knuckle Joints - Design of Cotter Joints – Spigot and Socket, Sleeve and Cotter, Gib and
Cotter – Design of Knuckle Joint Introduction to IC engine components – Classification - Design of
Flywheel – Design of Connecting Rod – Design of Crankshaft – Design of Piston.

5.Materials Science & Engineering

Historical perspective of materials, materials science, Materials engineering, Materials classification,
Materials tetrahedron, Engineering requirement of advanced materials and smart materials –
Diversified applications. Manufacturing-Product Design and Concurrent Engineering-Sustainable
Manufacturing, and Product Life Cycle-Selecting Materials & Manufacturing Processes-Quality
Assurance and Total Quality Management. Fundamental Concepts, Crystal geometry, Unit Cell,
Classification of Lattices – Bravais Lattice - Point coordinates, Crystallographic Directions and
Planes, Weiss zone law applications - Single and Poly crystalline materials, Non-
crystalline/Amorphous Materials. Crystal Structure of Metals, Ceramics and Polymers, Defects in
crystals – point defects, line defects (dislocations), Characteristics of Dislocations, Slip Systems, Slip
in Single Crystal, Deformation by Twining, surface defects and volume defects, microscopic
examination. Nucleation - Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation- Growth of crystals- Planar
growth – dendritic growth. Diffusion: Introduction – Fick’s Law of Diffusion - Diffusion
Mechanisms, Steady state and non-steady state diffusion. Basics of phase diagram, Gibb’s phase rule,
Lever rule, Unary phase Diagrams, Binary Isomorphous and Eutectic Systems, Interpretation of Phase
Diagram, Iron – iron carbide phase diagram – Slow cooling of hypo and hyper eutectoid steels, Phase
transformations in steels and cast iron Hardness Testing of Materials, Tensile properties of the
materials, Effect of strain rate, Impact Testing, Fracture of Metals – Ductile Fracture, Brittle Fracture,
Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT), Fatigue – Endurance limit, Fatigue test, S-N
curves, factors affecting fatigue, structural changes accompanying fatigue; Creep and stress rupture–
mechanism of creep – stages of creep and creep test, Mechanisms of Strengthening in Metals and
alloys. Isothermal Transformation diagrams and Continuous Cooing Transformation diagram.
Principles of heat treatment, Annealing, Concept of Recovery, Recrystallization and Grain Growth,
Normalizing, Hardening, Tempering, Solution zing, Ageing, Special heat treatment processes:
Untempering, Martempering, Aus forming, Hardenability of steel, Microstructure changes during heat
treatment. Surface hardening processes - Carburizing – Nitriding – Cyaniding and carbo-nitriding,
Induction and flame hardening, Laser and Electron beam hardening. Steels – Types of Steels, Effect of
alloying elements on structure and properties of steels, Alloy Steel – Tool and Die Steel, Stainless
steel, Speciality steel, Cast iron- White, Grey, Malleable and Nodular - Properties and application of
cast irons. Non-ferrous Alloys, Aluminium, copper, Nickel, Magnesium and Titanium. Ceramics:
types, properties and application of ceramics; Glass: classification of glass, properties and application
of glass; Polymer: classification of polymers - properties and application of polymers; Fibers: Natural
Fibers/Synthetic Fibers; Composites: Classification of Composite Materials, Properties and
Application of Composite Materials. Production of metal powder compaction-sintering-Secondary
and finishing operations Shaping ceramics. Processing of plastics-Compression Melding-Transfer
Melding Injection melding, Blow melding – Extrusion-Thermoforming

7. Casting
Solidification of pure metals and alloys. Mechanism of columnar and dendritic growth. Concept of
progressive and directional solidifications. Solidification time and Chorion’s rule. Principles of fluid
flow: Bernoulli’s theorem and law of mass continuity. Gating system components and functions.
Design of the gating System. Different types of gates. Gating ratio and its functions. Definition and
functions of the riser. Types of risers and their application. Design of riser. Aspiration effect. Use of
insulating material and exothermic compounds in risers. Sand casting – Types and properties of sand –
Types, features and steps involved in sand 19 mould – Pattern making, pattern allowances – Mould
and Core materials – Core making, chaplets – Sand-moulding machines – Procedural steps and
applications of Shell mould casting, Plaster and Ceramic mould casting, Lost-foam Casting,
Investment mould casting. Procedural steps and applications of Vacuum casting, Slush casting, Low-
pressure casting, Die-casting – hot chamber and cold chamber, Centrifugal casting, Squeeze casting,
Thyroiodin and Recasting, Casting Techniques for single crystal components. Melting furnaces for
ferrous and non-ferrous foundries. Electric and fuel fired furnaces. Induction Furnaces; Types of
Furnaces, Electromagnetic Stirring, power supplies; Recent developments in energy considerations.
Melting practice – ferrous, non-ferrous metals and alloys and composites. Melting practices; Fluxing,
inoculation, degassing and grain refinement treatments. Control of pouring temperature Heat
treatments of castings, Shop floor melt quality tests. Residual stresses and Casting defects and factors
responsible for them. Different inspection and testing methods to evaluate the casting

8.Welding
Classification of welding processes –Fusion welding: Oxy-fuel gas welding - types of flames and
uses, Arc welding: power sources -methods of arc initiation and maintenance, arc stability, duty cycle,
metal transfer. Non-consumable electrode - GTAW, PAW, AHW. Consumable electrode - SMAW,
SAW, GMAW, FCAW, EGW, ESW. Electrodes and its coatings. Beam welding (EBW & LBW). Solid
State welding: Cold welding and roll bonding, Ultrasonic welding, Friction welding, Friction stir
welding, Resistance welding, Explosion welding, Diffusion welding, Thermit welding. Brazing,
Soldering and adhesive bonding: Principle of Operation, advantages, Limitations and application.
Solidification of the weld metal, Heat flow in welding, Metallurgical transformation in and around
weldment, Implication of cooling rates, Heat affected zone (HAZ), Shielding gases, Classification of
Filler metals and Fluxes, Weldability of plain carbon steels, Low Carbon Steels, Stainless steels and
Aluminium Alloys. Welding Defects and Testing Spatter, Under-cutting, and over lapping Crack-
Initiation and Propagation - Incomplete Penetration, Inclusions, Porosity and blowholes, Lack of
fusion, Distortion (Distortion and residual stresses, Concept of distortion, Types of distortion, Control
of welding distortion) causes and remedies for weld defects. Testing and Inspection of welding: Visual
Inspection, Weldability, Destructive testing of welds, Non-destructive testing of welds and Hot
Cracking Tests.
9.Metal Forming
Stress-Strain relations in elastic and plastic deformation, stress tensor, yield criteria, yield locus,
octahedral shear stress and shear strains, invariants of stress strain, slip line field theory plastic
deformations of crystals temperature and strain rate dependence, determination of flow stress- Slab
analysis - Upper bound analysis - Slip line field analysis, recrystallization, Deformation zone
geometry - Numerical problems. Forging: Classification of forging processes – Forging machines &
equipment’s – Forging pressure & load in open die 20 forging and closed die forging – Friction hill –
Die-design parameters – Metal flowlines in forging – Forging defects – Residual stresses in forging -
Powder metallurgy forging. Rolling: Classification of rolling processes – Types of rolling mills –
Expression for rolling load – Forces and geometrical relationships in rolling – Effect of front & back
tension – Friction hill – Defects in rolled product. Extrusion: Classification of extrusion processes –
Extrusion equipment’s – Deformation, lubrication & defects – Extrusion of tubes & seamless pipes –
Hydrostatic extrusion. Drawing: Drawing equipment’s & Dies – Determination of drawing force &
power – Estimation of redundant work – Optimal cone angle & dead zone formation – Drawing
variables – Tube drawing processes. Conventional processes, Forces in circular cup drawing,
Redrawing, drawing of tubes from annular sheet dies, forming limit diagram, forming with
hydrostatic pressure, explosive forming, electrohydraulic forming, magnetic pulse forming, HERF,
electromagnetic forming. Forming limit criteria, defect in formed parts, principles and process
parameters- Advantages -Limitations and Applications.

10.Machining
Generating motions of machine tools, Machines using single-point tools, operations and process
parameters – work and tool holding in engine lathe, horizontal-boring machine, shaping machine,
planning machine. Machines using multipoint tools, operations and process parameters – drilling
machine, horizontal-milling machine, vertical-milling machine, broaching machine, taps and dies.
Machines using abrasive wheels, operations and process parameters – horizontal-spindle surface-
grinding machine, vertical-spindle surface-grinding machine, cylindrical-grinding machine, internal-
grinding machine, centreless grinding machines. Cutting tool nomenclatures. Numerical expressions
and simple problems on machining time and material removal rate. Orthogonal & oblique cutting,
shear plane angle, shear stress and strain, principal chip 1288 types, theoretical determination of
cutting forces – Ernst and Merchant’s theory, Lee and Shaffer’s theory, Oxley’s theory. shear angle
relation, friction in metal cutting, energy in cutting process, Kronenberg relation and velocity relation,
chip deviation and other effects on cutting forces, stress on tool, stress distribution, Dynamometers for
measuring forces in turning, milling and drilling, numerical problems. Heat generation in metal
cutting, heat at tool-work interface, heat at tool chip interface, heat in absence of flow zone,
Temperature distribution in metal cutting, Measurement of cutting temperature – Work-tool
Thermocouple, direct thermocouple measurements, radiation methods, evaluation of machinability.
Tool life, Taylor’s equation, tool failure, variables affecting the tool life causes of tool failures, forms
of wear in metal cutting, cutting tool materials, cutting Fluids, action of coolants and lubricants,
application of cutting fluids, surface roughness in machining and its measurement, tool geometries for
improved surface finish, economics of metal-cutting operations. Gear generating principles - Gear
Hober - Gear finishing methods - Bevel gear generator. Classification of unconventional machining
21 process – Principle of AJM, WJM, USM, EDM, ECM, LBM – Process characteristics –
Applications.
11.Finite Element Analysis
Direct formulation - Minimum total potential energy formulation - Variational approach - Weighted
Residual formulation – Weak Formulation Polynomial form of interpolation functions - Simplex,
Complex, Multiplex elements, Selection of order of interpolation functions, Convergence
requirements, Global local and natural coordinates system. Derivation of shape function equation for
various elements: One dimensional element (linear, quadratic and cubic), Two dimensional elements –
linear, bilinear and quadratic - Beam element. Generic form of 1D finite element equations –Bar,
Truss, Beam -1D thermal – Isoperimetric Elements-Numerical Integration-Problem solving Generic
form of 2D finite element equations - Triangular element - rectangular elements- - Applications in
solid mechanics (plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric) and heat transfer Dynamic analysis
using finite element method -Eigen value and Eigen vectors- 1D Bar and Beam vibration problems –
Problem solving.

12. Control System

Concept of control system, Classification of control systems – Open loop and closed loop control
systems, Examples of control systems, Effects of feedback, LTI Systems, Block diagram, Determining
the Transfer function from Block Diagrams, Signal flow graphs – Reduction using Mason’s gain
formula. Transfer Functions of LTI Systems, Concepts of Poles and Zeros, Transfer functions of
mechanical, electrical, electromechanical, Thermal and Hydraulic systems, Linearization of Nonlinear
Systems. Concepts of state, state variables and state model, Modelling system in state space,
Conversion of State Space representation to transfer function, Conversion of transfer function to State
Space representation, diazotization, Eigen values and Eigen vectors. Standard test signals, Time
response of first order systems and second order systems, Transient response of second order systems
– Time domain specifications, Steady state errors and error constants, General Controllers – P, PI, PD
and PID controllers, Time domain solutions for state equation, state transition matrix the concept of
stability, Routh-Hurwitz’s stability criterion, Root Locus Technique: Concept of root locus,
Construction of root locus, stability analysis using Root Locus, Compensator design using Root
Locus, Stability in state space, Lyapunov’s stability. Frequency domain specifications, bode plot,
Phase margin and Gain margin, Polar plots, Nyquist Criteria, Compensator design using Frequency
response characteristics. Concepts of Controllability and Observability, State feedback controller
design through Pole Placement, State observers: Full order and Reduced order observers. Servo Motor
Speed and Position Control, Inverted Pendulum Control, Adaptive Cruise Control of Vehicles,
Antenna angle control

13.Industrial Internet of Things

Introduction to Industrial Process Automation-Definition of Process-Meaning of Automation and
Control-Necessity and Evolution of Automation-Role of Automation in Process Industry Architecture
of Industrial Automation Network-Types of Automation Systems-Role of Information Technology in
Process Automation-Process Automation with Smart and Intelligent Instruments-Challenges of
Process Automation - Industry 1.0 to Industry 4.0 Basics of PLC- I/O Devices of PLC-PLC
Programming Devices-PLC Selection Criteria Design and Operation of PLC-Architecture of PLC-
Central Control Unit of PLC-Functional Modes of PLC PLC Program Structure and Execution-
Programming Devices for PLC-PLC Programming Tools-Timer-Counters Registers-Advanced PLC
Functions-PLC Communication-PLC Protocols-Selection and Commissioning of Computers in
Process Automation-Architecture of Computer-Based Industrial Automation System Hardware and
Software Configuration-Process Automation Network-PC-Based Control Loop Sampling of Process
Data- Distributed Control System-Hardware Units of DCS Communications in DCS Architecture-
Software Packages of DCS-Operation, Monitoring, Control, and Data Acquisition in DCS-Integration
of DCS with PLC and SCADA DCS based Process Control Simulations. Introduction-SCADA
Basics-Different SCADA System Topologies-Evolution of SCADA ,SCADA Architecture-Functions
of SCADA-Elements of SCADA-SCADA, DCS, and PLC: A Comparison-SCADA Security: Threats,
Vulnerabilities, and Consequences-SCADA Standards Organizations-Application Areas of SCADA-
SCADA and IIoT SCADA Implementations for Automation Industries .Introduction to industrial
Networking-Network Devices- Fieldbus-Types- Topology-Benefits Foundation Fieldbus Comparison
with OSI Model-Medium Access Control (MAC)- PROFIBUS-Communication via 38
PROFIBUS,PROFINET,DP Bus Access-HART: Highway Addressable Remote Transducer Wireless
field bus-WHART-Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) Introduction-Types-ISM Band-Wireless
Standards-Structure of a Node-A Sensor Network Arrangement-Characteristic Features of a WSN-
Challenges and Constraints-Integrating WSN in Internet-Topology in Wireless Sensor Networks
Advantages/Disadvantages .Applied Automation Building Automation, Home Automation, Systems
Design & Operation, Automated HVAC systems, Production Automation, Business Automation,
Waste Management Automation, Highway System Automation.

14. Optimization
Statement of an Optimization Problem – Classifications of Optimization problem – Optimum
Problem Formulation: Problem Formulation Process, Application problems related Engineering
Design and Manufacturing. Optimality Criterion: Single variable problems – Optimality criterions for
unconstraint problems. Multivariable Optimization problems – Optimality criterion for constrained
optimization problems: Varangian Multiplier, Kuhn-Tucker Conditions – Exercise problems to
identify optimality conditions for unconstrained and constrained problems (Hand Calculation).
Introduction: Heuristics, Meta-Heuristics, Combinatorial Optimization problems – Examples of P, NP,
NP complete and NP-Hard problems – Introduction to Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing –
Particle Swarm Optimization - Demonstration: Working of GA, SA, PSO using Software tools
(MATLAB).

15. Linear & Non-Linear Programming

Introduction – Standard form of a LPP problem - Graphical solution for LPP – Simplex Method –
Revised Simplex method – Duality in LPP – Modelling of Transportation problem as an Optimization
problem – Exercise problems 7 (limited to simplex method – Demonstration: Solving LPP problems
using software tool (MATLAB). Introduction – Standard form of an unconstrained problem –
Unimodal and Multimodal functions – Introduction to One Dimensional minimization methods:
Elimination method: Fibonacci Method. Interpolation methods: Newton Method Exercise problems
(hand calculation – Newton and Secant method) – Solving 1D problems using software tool
(MATLAB). Multi variable unconstraint optimization algorithms: Univariate Method – Pattern
directions – Conjugate Direction method (Powell’s method) - Steepest Descent method – Exercise
problems (hand calculation – Univariate and Steepest Descent method) Demonstration: Solving
unconstraint problems using software tool (MATLAB). Introduction - Standard form of a constrained
problem – Transformation methods- Penalty function method: Interior and Exterior methods -
Exercise problems: Converting constrained problem into unconstrained problems using various
penalty function – Demonstration: Solving Constraint problems using software tool (MATLAB).
16. Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Introduction to Automation, Basic elements of automated systems- levels of automation, Advanced
automation functions, Automation to Autonomy. Introduction to Computer Integrated Manufacturing,
computerized elements of a CIM system, Evolution of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Nature
and role of the elements of CIM System, Product life cycle Management and Collaborative Product
Development. Principles elements of CNC system, Typical CNC Machine Tools, Designation of Axis
and Motion of CNC Machines, Practical design considerations for CNC machined parts, CNC
Controllers-Open architecture, PC based, Look ahead functions, Parallel kinematic Machine Tools,
Multitasking CNC machines. Manual part programming, Computer assisted part programming,
Automated programming of CNC-machine tools, Machining of Free form surfaces, Tolerance based
Machining, Automatic Feature Recognition in CAM Programming, Knowledge based machining,
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning impact on CNC Machining, Intelligent fully autonomous
CNC Machine tool, Real-Time Machine Monitoring, Real-time CAM simulation for Digital
Manufacturing and Digital Twins. Computer Aided Process Planning, Retrieval and Generative
Systems, benefits of CAPP, computer integrated production management system, Integration
CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC based on STEP Standards, ISO14649 STEPNC in Machining, Computer
Aided Quality Control, Shop floor control. Fundamentals of Group Technology-types of part families
and Flexible Manufacturing Systems, types of FMS, FMS components, Material handling and storage
system, applications, benefits, computer control systems. Digital Transformation in manufacturing-
Trends and Challenges, Industry 4.0, functions, applications and benefits. Internet of Things (IOT),
IOT applications in manufacturing, Big Data and Data Analytics in manufacturing, Blockchain in
Manufacturing, cyber-physical manufacturing systems.