#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int calculateParity(vector<int>& bits, int pos) {
int parity = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < bits.size(); ++i) {
if (i & pos) parity ^= bits[i];
}
return parity;
}
vector<int> generateHammingCode(string data) {
int m = data.size();
int r = 0;
while ((1 << r) < m + r + 1) r++;
int n = m + r;
vector<int> code(n + 1, 0); // 1-based indexing
int j = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
if ((i & (i - 1)) != 0) {
code[i] = data[j++] - '0';
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) {
int pos = 1 << i;
code[pos] = calculateParity(code, pos);
}
return code;
}
void introduceError(vector<int>& code, int pos) {
if (pos > 0 && pos < code.size()) {
code[pos] ^= 1;
}
}
pair<vector<int>, int> detectAndCorrect(vector<int>& code) {
int r = log2(code.size());
int errorPos = 0;
for (int i = 0; (1 << i) < code.size(); ++i) {
int pos = 1 << i;
int parity = calculateParity(code, pos);
if (parity != 0) errorPos += pos;
}
if (errorPos > 0 && errorPos < code.size()) {
cout << "Error detected at position: " << errorPos << endl;
code[errorPos] ^= 1;
} else {
cout << "No error detected." << endl;
}
return {code, errorPos};
}
string extractData(vector<int>& code) {
string data = "";
for (int i = 1; i < code.size(); ++i) {
if ((i & (i - 1)) != 0) {
data += to_string(code[i]);
}
}
return data;
}
void printCodeword(vector<int>& code) {
for (int i = 1; i < code.size(); ++i) cout << code[i];
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
int choice;
cout << "Choose Mode:\n1. 11-bit Data (Q1)\n2. 4-bit Data (Q2)\nEnter: ";
cin >> choice;
string dataword;
if (choice == 1) {
dataword = "00101101011";
cout << "Q1: Given 11-bit Dataword = " << dataword << endl;
} else if (choice == 2) {
cout << "Input 4-bit data word (e.g., 1101): ";
cin >> dataword;
} else {
cout << "Invalid choice.\n";
return 1;
}
int parityType;
cout << "Input parity (Odd-1 / Even-0): ";
cin >> parityType;
if (parityType != 0) {
cout << "Only Even Parity is supported.\n";
return 0;
}
vector<int> code = generateHammingCode(dataword);
cout << "\nSender Side:\nCodeword: ";
printCodeword(code);
int introduce;
cout << "Introduce error? (1-Yes / 0-No): ";
cin >> introduce;
if (introduce == 1) {
int errorPos;
if (choice == 1) {
errorPos = 7; // For Q1, flip at 7th position from LSB
cout << "Flipping bit at position: 7 (from LSB side)\n";
} else {
string mode;
cout << "Introduce Error: Manual / Random? ";
cin >> mode;
if (mode == "Manual") {
cout << "Enter bit position to flip (1-based from right/LSB): ";
cin >> errorPos;
} else {
errorPos = rand() % (code.size() - 1) + 1;
cout << "Random bit flipped at position: " << errorPos << endl;
}
}
introduceError(code, errorPos);
cout << "Codeword after error: ";
printCodeword(code);
}
cout << "\nReceiver Side:\nReceived Codeword: ";
printCodeword(code);
auto [corrected, errPos] = detectAndCorrect(code);
cout << "Corrected Codeword: ";
printCodeword(corrected);
string original = extractData(corrected);
cout << "Recovered Dataword: " << original << endl;
return 0;
}
