CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGY

1.1 What is Technology?

Technology is anything people design to solve a problem or make lives easier. It is
the products made to create solutions or meet a need using tools, techniques, and
systems.
EXAMPLE
A) Technology on the street: Trains, Cars, Buses, Traffic lights.
B) Technology in School: Computers, Smartboard, Tablet, Interactive Desk.
C) Technology at home: Computers, PlayStation, TVs, Phones, Watches, and
Kitchenware.

What is an invention?
It is something new that uses technology to help solve a problem.

EXAMPLE:
The first wheel was made out of wood, and now it’s made out of metal and rubber.

Exercise:
1. Name one invention you know or like.
2. Define technology.
3. Give two examples of technology.
4. List technologies found at your school and home.
5. Differentiate between Technology and Invention.

How can technology help us?

Mobiles help us communicate and talk to one another anywhere in the world. They
are also used for various tasks such as chatting, sending, and receiving money,
online shopping, taking pictures, and recording videos, watching videos, setting
alarms, reading news, checking e-mails, reading books, etc.
Mobile phones have combined the functionality of different devices into one. For
example, before the smartphone, you needed a camera to take photos, a computer
to type or browse the internet, a calculator, a watch, a torch, etc.
The mobile now combines all those functionalities and many more.

Transportation helps us to go to different places quickly and easily.

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Home Appliances: they are the electronic devices or machines which assist the
household functions such as cooking, cleaning, food preservation.

Computers help us to communicate and use for work at the office or home

Exercise:
Fill in the space:
1. _____________ Is anything people design to help solve a Problem.
2. Which technology helps you go somewhere _____________
3. The technology that helps you talk to people is ______________
4. Mobile phones have a lot of functionalities, list at least 4 of them.
a)
b)
c)
d)
5. List technologies found in your home.

1.2 Old Technology VS New Technology

Devices and gadgets that we use today were different back when they were first
invented, introduced, or popularized years or decades ago.
Let us see what old technology has become:
Then Now
Floppy Disk: you need 213,000 Thumb Drive (Flash Disk): Now all
individual Floppy disks to hold or store you need is a two-inch long thumb
256 GB of Data. drive that easily stores the same
amount of data

Books: 1,000 physical books would Kindle: A cheap electronic reader that
weigh approximately around 0.5 can hold many books in digital form.
kilograms each, which is about half of
a car.
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 Old Cars: The first consumer New Cars: Today’s cars can reach
automobile was introduced in 1908 and speeds up to 400km/h; some cars work
produced 20HP and a top speed of on batteries like Tesla Models.
45mph (mile per hour). Before that,
horse Carriages were used.

Old TVs: were tiny and bulk and could New TVs: Today’s TVs are thin, flat,
display only black and white, lightweight, and can display full colors.

Old Cameras: used film cartridges to New Cameras: can record with
record videos for 2.5 minutes. memory cards for more than 4 hours.

Mobiles: in 1983, the first commercial Smartphone: Today’s mobile is thin,

mobile became available; it weighed small, and light, it’s virtually like a
around 1.1Kg. had a talk time of 30 computer, which you can do many
minutes and took 10 hours to recharge. things.

Old Computers: are used only for Modern Computers: are faster more
calculations. efficient and multi task applications.

1.3 Uses of Technology

Technology has helped us simplify our work by giving us various products

that allow us to get better results in less time. It can, however, be used
negatively; therefore, it should always be used positively.

Technology enables us to be connected virtually; for example, during the

pandemic time of the coronavirus, everything has stopped, schools closed,
and other places locked down.

But we had technologies that allowed us to take classes online by listening

to teachers’ recordings, for example, Zoom meeting and Google Classroom.

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 Technology helps us learn because the information is right at our fingertips.

The following are some of the areas in that technology is used:

Business

Increases productivity at work.

It helps people accomplish tasks faster.

Communication

Technology speeds up communication between people.

People can use e-mail, social media, chat messengers, video conferencing,
video calls, images, and other applications to connect with other people.

Education

Technology gives access to information from different sources.

It makes learning more fun and enjoyable.

1.3Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology
1.4
Advantages of Technology

Improved quality of life.

Better transportation.

Faster communication.

Greater economic growth.

Comfortable housing.

Disadvantages of Technology
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 Pollution.

Global warming.

Depletion of natural resources.

Destruction of natural habitats.

Toxic contamination.

Social impacts of technology

Technology has changed how learning content is delivered.

Technology has changed the way the economy works.

Revolutionizes government and public administration.

Modernized movements of goods and people.

Transforms health sector (Medical Advancement).

Changes the way people interact and socialize.

Triggers political revolution.

Paper to paperless

Exercise:

1. Give an example of old technology vs new technology.

2. Compare old computers and modern computers.

3. List some of the uses of technology.

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 Responsible use of technology

Technology has improved and benefited our lives, and it has become part
of our daily lives now; technology can be good or bad for us.

The following rules must be followed for the safe use of technology:

1. Be careful what you share online, like information and photos

about you and your family.

2. Don’t share phone numbers, addresses, or personal details; others

could misuse this information.

3. Don’t waste too much time on technology.

4. Put phones away when studying; it will help you be more focused.

5. Tell your parents if you come across some offensive videos or messages.

6. Respect people’s privacy, don’t share pictures of others without their

permission (Consent).

7. On the internet and social media, there are a lot of news stories that are
not real, and they are called fake News; sometimes they are posted to
make people laugh other times to get more likes, harm someone, or
mislead people. So, make sure to verify the authenticity of the source.
Chapter Summary:

Technology is anything people design to solve a problem or make lives

easier

Examples of technology include cars, computers, mobile phones, TVs.

Invention is something new that uses technology to help solve a problem,

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 Technology is used in business, communication, education, government,
health, banking, and more.

Technology has impacted our lives in many ways, including how we

learn, how the economy work, how we socialize, how the government
uses it to provide public services, and more.
Chapter 2
MEANING OF ICT

The word ICT stands for Information and Communications Technology;

it combines communications and integration of telecommunications such
as telephone lines, wireless signals, computers, software, storage, and
audio-visual that enable you to access, store, transmit, and manipulate
information in a digital form.

Technology

Communication ---

Information

ICT is the study of the technology that allows us to store, transmit and
distribute information.

ICT also looks at how devices like telephones or audio/visual networks

can be used alongside computers. It’s basically a combination of IT
(Information Technology) and telecommunications.

Consider Mr. Ali making a phone call to his mother, Faduma, to wish her
a happy Eid Mubarak. In this case, Mr. Ali and his
Mother communicate with technology (mobile phone), and Eid Greetings
is the information.

Let us make a comparison between ICT and a water system. Consider a

water system that includes a water tank, water, taps, pipes, and water

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 flowing through the pipes. This can be related to ICT in the following
ways.

Carifler Tares

Water systemcomponent

Water

Water flowing through pipes

Taps, water tank, pipes

ICT

Information

Communication

Technology

Exercise:

1. Explain ICT.

2. In groups, look around your school and community and find at least
four ICTs you are familiar with. Give a brief description of each ICT
and list it in the table below.
2.1ICT Impact on Society
2.2
ICT has changed the way people communicate, learn, work, and live, and as a
result, it has a significant social and economic impact on society.

Today’s robots can do and managing most human works.

The positive impacts of ICT

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 1. Faster Communication Speed.

2. Lower communication cost.

3. Access to online education.

4. Paperless environment.

5. Effective sharing of information.

6. Access to a worldwide market.

The negative impacts of ICT

1. Social Problems E.g. (addiction to social media (Facebook, Tik Tok) and
games).

2. Health Problems E.g. (eye strain, back pain, fatigue, and stress).
2.2Everyday use of ICT
2.3
BANKING

EDUCATION

ICT

INDUSTRY

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 2

BUSINESS

1) Education

To find helpful information Eg. (the internet). If you’re looking for a specific
phrase, like computer help, surround it with quotes to receive results for that
exact combination of words. For example, input “computer help” into the
search box to find pages that contain those two terms together.

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