Computer
Chapter-10
Class 7
E.Answer the following questions.
1.What is Malware? Write any five measures you should follow to protect your computer from
malware.
Ans1.Malware is a Melicious Software, designed to gain access or damage a computer without
the knowledge of the user.Malware includes Viruses, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware,
Adware,Ransomware and many more.
Five measures we should follow to protect our computer from malware are:
● Install an antivirus program and scan your computer regularly for malware.
● Update your antivirus software regularly.
● Use software from trusted sources only and scan it before installing.
● Always open email attachments after scanning them.
● Do not reveal personal or financial information on a network.
2.What is a computer virus?Write in brief about the different types of viruses.
Ans2. A Virus is a software that can replicate itself and cause harm to the operating system,
other application software or data files in a computer.
Types of Viruses are:
● Boot Sector Virus- A Boot Sector Virus infects boot record program in a hard
disk,responsible for loading the operating system in the memory.
● Program Virus - A Program Virus infects executable program files installed in a
computer.
● Macro Virus - A Macro is a set of instructions used to automate tasks that are
performed more often such as creating or deleting files, or modifying contents of existing
files.
● Multipartite Virus - A Multipartite Virus infects a computer and spread in multiple ways.
It attacks both the boot sector and the program files.
● Polymorphic Virus - A Polymorphic Virus is a self- encrypted virus designed to avoid
detection by antivirus software.
3.What is a Trojan Horse?
Ans3. A Trojan Horse is a program that hides its destructive intentions by disguising itself as a
game, useful application or utility. It is usually distributed as email attachments with tempting
names and descriptions that prompt a user to open them.
4.Define the following terms:
a)Spam-Spam is an unsolicited and unwanted email message. It is usually sent by companies
to advertise and sell their products and services.It may include malware.
b) Phishing
Phishing is a fraudulent practice to send email messages,which appears to be from a genuine
source, in order to induce individuals to reveal their personal information,such as
passwords,credit card numbers or other financial details.
c)Adware
An Adware or advertising-supported software downloads or displays unwanted advertisements
in your computer system in order to generate revenue for its author.
d) Hacking
Hacking is an unauthorised illegal activity to gain access to computers and network
resources.The person engaged in hacking activities is referred to as a Hacker.
e)Identity theft
Identity Theft is the act of stealing a user's online Identity such as username and password to
pose as that person, and send messages and email from his online profile.
5.What is an Antivirus software? Why do you need to update virus definition for an antivirus
software?
Ans5. An antivirus software is a utility software designed to protect the computer from viruses
and other malicious software. It scans the internal memory, hard disk and external media
attached to the computer to identify, isolate and eliminate viruses. It also examines the incoming
files for viruses as the computer receives them.
Virus Definition refers to the database of virus signature files that an antivirus software
uses to scan a computer. Since, new viruses are developed and released from time to time, it is
essential to update the virus definition at regular intervals.
6.Write five ways in which malware affects your computer.
Ans6.Malware usually spreads from removable media such as CDs, DVDs and pen drives,
downloads from the Internet, and email attachments.
