Page-1 Sample Sir-01979462686

It may (rain) — today. Ans : rain

Gap Filling with Clues (ii) To ev Modal Auxiliary Gi ci hw` Gap _v‡K Ges Subject
wU hw` Doer bv nq, Z‡e be + verb-Gi Past Participle
& without Clues Form em‡e :
Example :
Forests should not (destroy) — .
Gap Filling Kivi †¶‡Î †Zvgv‡`i K‡qKwU wel‡q bRi w`‡Z n‡e|
Ans : be destroyed
Sentence My‡jv evievi c‡o A‡_©i mv‡_ wgj †i‡L GKwU kã emv‡Z Early marriage should (ban) —. Ans : be banned
n‡e| ZvQvov kãwU‡K emv‡bvi mgq Parts of Speech j¶ ivL‡Z A house is going to (build) —. Ans : be built.
n‡e| m‡e©vcwi Tense, Subject Verb Agreement, Voice m¤•‡K© They must not (tell) —. Ans : be told
fvj aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e| hv‡nvK GB As‡k mdjZvi Rb¨ wKQy Tips 3. (i) Verb _vKvi ciI Noun/Pronoun Gi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv Gap
†`qv n‡jv| _vK‡j Ges H Noun/ Pronoun wU hw` Doer nq, Z‡e ing hy³
wb‡Pi Tips Gi g‡a¨ wKQy Grammatical Terms Av‡Q| †mMy‡jv Av‡M GKwU Verb em‡Z cv‡i:
†R‡b bvI| Example :
Doer/ Agent : Verb Gi KvR †h Noun ev Pronoun m¤•v`b K‡i People (live) — in town face many problems. Ans :
Zv‡K doer ev agent e‡j| living
People (eat) — nutritious food can maintain a sound
Active : ev‡K¨i Subject hw` Doer nq ZLb Verb wU
health. Ans : eating
Active Voice G n‡e| People (drink) unsafe water always suffer from various
Passive : ev‡K¨i subject hw` doer bv nq ZLb verb wU diseases. Ans : drinking
passive voice-G n‡e| Children (live) in footpaths are often maltreated. Ans :
Modal : †h Helping verb verb Gi mood cÖKvk K‡i living
Zv‡K Modal Auxiliary e‡j| h_v : Can, Women (work) in garments face a lot of problems. Ans
could, shall, should, will, would, may, : working
might, must BZ¨vw`| G m¤•‡K© Rvb‡Z (ii) Verb _vKvi ciI Noun/ Pronoun Gi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv Gap
eBwUi Modal Verb Lesson wU †`L| _vK‡j Ges H Noun/ Pronoun wU hw` Doer bv nq, Z‡e GKwU
Determiner : †h kãm n †Kv‡bv noun Gi msL¨v ev cwigvY ev Past Participle Verb em‡Z cv‡i:
wbw`©óZv cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡`i‡K determiner e‡j| Example :
(Break) — families are increasing day by day. Ans :
h_v : a, an, the, no, any, some, many, few,
Broken
much, his, her, your, their, my, our BZ¨vw`| g‡b ivL‡e D‡Ïk¨ eySv‡j to †hv‡M verb wjL‡Z n‡e|
Infinitive : To + verb Gi g–j form †K infinitive e‡j| He bought some land (cultivate) — vegetables. Ans. to
KL‡bv KL‡bv To Dn¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i| cultivate
Gerund : Ing hy³ verb hw` noun wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i ZLb (Spoil) — ballot papers must be identified.
Zv‡K Gerund e‡j| g‡b ivL‡e verb Gi Ans : Spoilt
form Gi mv‡_ ing †hvM Kiv nq| (Propose) — law has been under discussion.
Linking verb : †h verb Gi ci subject †K eY©bvKvix noun/ Ans : Proposed
adjective _v‡K Zv‡K Linking verb e‡j| †hgb :
be, look, seem, taste BZ¨vw`|
1. (i) am/ is/ are/ was/ were Gi ci hw` Gap _v‡K Ges
Subject wU hw` Doer nq, Z‡e ing hy³ GKwU Verb em‡e :
Example :
We are (destroy) — forests. Ans : destroying
I am (do) — the work. Ans : doing
He was (kick) — the ball. Ans : kicking
(ii) am/ is/ are/ was/ were Gi ci hw` Gap _v‡K Ges Subject
wU hw` Doer bv nq, Z‡e GKwU Past Participle Verb em‡e :
Example : Injured students were (keep) — untreated.
Ans : kept
I am (declare) — captain. Ans : declared
Honey is (taste) — sweet. Ans : tasted
2. (i) To ev Modal Auxiliary Gi ci hw` Gap _v‡K Ges
Subject wU hw` Doer nq, Z‡e GKwU Base Form Gi Verb
em‡e :
Example :
He can (speak) — three languages. Ans : speak
We must (find) — a job. Ans : find
You ought to (stop) — smoking. Ans : stop

Page-2 Sample Sir-01979462686

 The baby is fast asleep (a = on).
Use of Preposition Sugar sells a kilo 50 taka. (a = per)
The king went a hunting. (a = on)
 Preposition Detached Preposition
Preposition word sentence-
noun, pronoun noun phrase sentnece Detached preposition preposition
word At, by, upon, Prepositional object-
ahead, in spite of, off, into, outside, because of, before, simple, compound double preposition
among, between preposition. detached preposition

 Kinds of Prepositions What class does Ivan read in?

preposition- I have none to depend upon.
He has no relative in Dhaka whom he can live with.
Preposition She has no place where she can go to.

 Uses of some prepositions

preposition-
Simple Compound Double Disguised

 Simple Preposition (a) About : About

preposition simple
preposition after, above, at, by, on, of, off,
from, through, with
(i) He knows nothing about this matter.
(
Keep the book on ( ) the table. (ii) I shall tell him about your problem.
He will arrive at ( ) 5pm.

 Compound Preposition
simple preposition noun, adjective adverb (i) The runners were running about the circle.
preposition compound ( )
preposition (ii) There is a garden about my reading room.
about = on + by + out
along = on + long
before = by + fore
behind = by + hind (i) Rima came to our house about the marriage
beside = by + side ceremony.
between = by + two + in
beyond = by + yond ii) I had to go there about that matter.
(
It is beyond my means to buy a car.
She was walking along ( ) this road.
(i) It is about 5 o’clcok.
 Double Preposition
preposition preposition (ii) I had to spend about one thousand taka for nothing.
double preposition into, upon, onto,
out of
(b) At : at
He came into ( ) the room.

 Distguised Preposition (i) He lives at Shahbag.

‘of’ ‘on’ preposition ‘o’ ‘a’ (ii) Father is not at home. (
disguise preposition
He came at 7 o’clock ( o’ = of) in the morning.

Page-3 Sample Sir-01979462686

 Adverb so that
Completing Sentence subject verb
Conjunction Complex Sentence
 What is completing sentence?
Incomplete ( Sentence grammar Exercise
phrase/clause Fill in gaps with suitable clauses or phrases.
(a) English is so difficult that ____.
Complete Completing Sentence
(b) He is so weak that ____.
(c) He is so dishonest that ____.
(d) He was so foolish that ____.
Completing Sentence (e) He ran so quickly ____.
structure In order that / So that
(a) He worked hard so that ____.
Too .......To Ans: He worked hard so that he could pass the
(a) The man is took week ____. examination.
Ans: The man is too weak to walk. (b) Man eats so that ___.
Ans: Man eats so that he may live.
(b) He is to honest _____. (c) A soft wind came so that ___.
Ans: He is too honest to tell a lie. Ans: A soft wind came so that it could blow the
adjective too ship.
(d) We eat in order that ____.
to + verb to
Ans: We eat in order that we may live.
negative verb (e) The students studied regularly in order that they
verb doer might succeed in exam.
(a) It is too difficult ____.
Ans: It is too difficult for me to solve. In order that/So that
(b) The water is too hot _____.
Ans: The water is too hot for me to drink. In order that / So that
(c) The question is too hard ____.
Conjunction subject can/ could/
Ans: The question is too hard for the students to
may/ might
solve.
to verb doer subject
to verb doer for object Exercise
too + adjective negative Fill in the gaps with suitable clauses or phrases.
to + verb (a) We eat so that ____.
(b) We take exercise so that ____.
to verb doer subject doer for
(c) He always flatters his boss so that _____.
object to verb
(d) He worked hard so that ___.
Exercise (e) She went to bazar in order that ___.
Fill in the gaps with suitable clauses or phrases.
(a) Della saved too small an amount to ____.
(b) I was too young to _____. Provided/ Provided that /
(c) They walked too slowly ____. Providing that/ If / Unless
(d) He is too fool ______. (a) I shall go out provided ____.
(e) Mr. Habib is too strict an administrator to ____.  I shall to out provided it does not rain.
(b) She will come to visit us next Sunday provided that
____.
So ......... that
(a) The man was so tired ............  She will come to visit us next Sunday provided that
Ans: The man was so tired that he could not walk. there is no hartal.
(b) I am so strong _____. (c) You will not get a good grade unless ____.
Ans: I am so strong that I can carry this heavy load.  You will not get a good grade unless you read
(c) Rahim is so rich ____. attentively.
Ans: Rahim is so rich that he can help you. Provided / Provided that / Providing that
so ......... that / If/ Unless
Adjective Present Simple Tense

Page-4 Sample Sir-01979462686

 Aff : All men dislike dishonest persons.
Transformation of Sentences Neg : There are no men but dislike dishonest persons.
Rule–6 : Affirmative- every, all- who …. not
 What is transformation of a sentence? ( negative negative- There is no
sentence ( sentence- Aff : Every mother loves her child.
Structur) Neg : There is no mother who does not love her child
Transformation of a sentence ( Aff : A patriot loves his country.
Sentence- Neg : There is no patriot who dose not love his country.
Rule–7 : Affirmative- every, all- no
negative sentence- transformed
There is no……but there is no…….who
A Transformation from Affirmative to Negative
Sentence (
Aff: Every mother loves her child.
Rule-1 Affirmative sentence- only alone Allah, God Neg : No mother hates her child.
Only alon- Or: There is no mother but loves her child.
none but negative sentence- Aff : Every man likes flowers.
Aff : Only Allah can help us. Neg : There is no man who does not like flowers.
Or, Allah alone can help us. Or : No man dislikes flowers.
Neg: None but Allah can help us. Aff : Every man is mortal.
Aff : Only Rakib will do it. Neg : No man is immoral.
Or, Rakib alone will do it. Or : There is no man who is immortal.
Neg : None but Rakib Will do it. Rule–8 : Affirmative sentence-
Opposite word/antonym)- negative sentence
Rule–2 : Affirmative sentence- only opposite word/antonym-
only- nothing but negative
sentence Aff : I shall remember you.
Aff : She has two pens only. Neg : I shall not forget you.
Neg : She has nothing but two pens. Aff : He speaks the truth.
Aff :They have only a rented house ( Neg : He does not tell a lie.
Neg : They have nothing but a rented house.
Aff : The widow has only two goats of her own.
Neg : The widow has nothing but two goats of her own.
Rule–3: Affirmative sentence- only
only- not more than not less than negative
sentence-
Aff: I need taka 50 only.
Neg : I do not need more than taka 50
Or: I do not need less than taka 50.
Aff : The boy is only 12 years old.
Neg : The boy is not more than 12 years old.
Or : The boy is not less than 12 years old.
Rule–4 : Affirmative sentence- both…..and and not
only….. but also negative sentence-

Aff : Both I and Reza can do it.

Neg : Not only I but also Reza can do it.
Aff : I bought both a book and a pen.
Neg : I bought not only a book but also a pen.
Aff : We went both to Jessore and Khulna.
Neg : We went not only to Jessore but also to Khulna.
Rule–5 : Affirmative sentence- every, all but’
( negative negative
There is no/There are no
Aff : Every mother loves her child.
Neg: There is no mother but loves her child.
Aff : Every man wishes to be happy.
Neg : There is no man but wishes to be happy.

Page-5 Sample Sir-01979462686

 NARRATION- Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continous
Past Indefinite Past Perfect
 What is narration ?
Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
He says, “I am a boy.” N.B: Past perfect tense Past Perfect Continuous
He says I am a boy tense
(9) Can, may, shall/ will could, might, would
Direct Narration
Direct Speech (10) would, should, might, could, ought to
D.S  He said, “I go to school”.
He says that he is a boy. R.S  He said that he went to school.
D.S  He said, “ I am playing”.
Indirect Speech. R.S  He said that he was playing.
D.S  He said, “I have helped Abul.”
Narration R.S  He said that he had helped Abul.
Reporting verb D.S  He said, “ I went there”.
R.S  He said that he had gone there.
Reported verb D.S  He said, “ I was reading”.
Direct = He said, “I do the work.” R.S  He said that he had been reading.
D.S  He said, “ I shall do it”.
Reported speech R.S  He said that he would do it.
D.S  He said, “ I can swim”.
Reporting speech R.S  He said that he could swim.
 Two Concepts: D.S  He said, “ I may succeed”.
Indirect Speech verb R.S  He said that he might succeed.
reporting verb He says, “ I am a boy” says D.S  He said, “ I must go”.
reporting verb R.S  He said that he had to go.
reported speech He says, “ I am a boy”- I D.S  He said, “He should do it”.
am a boy reported speech reported speech R.S  He said that he should do it.
verb reported speech- verb (11) R.S
12) Speech phrase
 Speech
(1) Reported speech that Inverted D.S R.S
comma this that
(2) Subject person these those
(3) Reported speech verb tense thus so
(4) 1st person reporting verb subject now then
number, person gender here there
D.S He says, “I am sick”. hence thence
R.S  He says that he is sick. come go/arrive
(5) 2nd person reporting verb object must had to
gender, number person today that day
He said to me, “You are a student.” tomorrow the next day
He said to me that I was a student. yesterday the previous day
(6) 3rd person last night the previous night
D.S I say, “He is a nice man”. last week the previous week
R.S I say that he is a nice man. last month the previous month
(7) Direct speech reporting verb present/future sir politely/ with respect
sorry apologize
R.S person
N.B : It come
D.S  You will say, “ I am busy”.
R.S  You will say that you are busy.
D.S  He says, “ I am unhappy.”
R.S  He says that he is unhappy.
(8) Direct speech R.V past tense Indirect
R.S verb tense
Present Indefinite Past Indefinite
Present Continuous Past Continuous

Page-6 Sample Sir-01979462686

 To open a bank account at first go to a
Sentence connectors bank and then discuss with the concerned officer.

Phrase
sentence connectors I Rule–3 sentence
bought books and pens. connectors
While, on the other hand, on the contrary, after all
and books pens Ex: After all his faults, he is
and sentence connectors praiseworthy.
He is a police officer on the other
hand his brother is a criminal.
Parts of speech sentence connectors
Rule– 4 sentence connectors
1. Conjunction : And, but
2. Preposition : Except, between Similarly, In the same way, Moreover, besides, Too,
3. Adverb : However, therefore also, In addition, as well as
Ex: He always helped me in my student
Note : sentence connectors life; similarly I will help him from now on.
grammatical tense/voice
box

sentence connectors Rule – 5 sentence connectors

sentence connectors
Although, in spite of, though, despite, even though,
after all,
Some Rules Ex: Although he is poor, he is happy.

Rule– 1 sentence connectors

Rule – 6 sentence connectors
For example- for instance-
such as- like- in other words- Because of, Due to , on account of, owing to,
Ex : He has authority on many subjects Ex: Because of illness, he could not
like English, physics and Math. come. (
(

Many boys have got prizes, for

instance Rahim, Karim etc.

Rule–2
sentence connectors
First, Firstly, At first, Second, Secondly, thirdly, at
last, Lastly, At the end, In the end, To sum up, In
conclusion, Next, Then,
Ex: At last he agreed to do the work.

Page-7 Sample Sir-01979462686

 Punctuation– Uses of Right Form of Verbs
 Use of Right form of Verbs
1. Narration 2. Sentence verb form
Narration – verb-
lesson
Narration : Narration
 Direct Rule–1 : Sentence- subject third person singular
speech number present indefinite tense
Direct  He Said, “ I am a student.” verb- s es
 He (go) to school regularly.
Indirect speech  He goes to school regularly.
Indirect  He said that he was a student. She never (disturb) me.
 She never disturbs me. o,s,ss,sh,ch,x,z-es
 Narration Rule–2 : Universal truth, habitual fact/ action
Reporting verb present indefinite tense

Reported verb The earth (move) round the sun.

 The earth moves round the sun.
Direct = He said, “I do the work.” Rahim (to read) six hours a day.
Reported speech  Rahim reads six hours a day.
Rule–3 :
Reporting speech always, regularly, daily, sometimes, often, generally,
 Direct speech Reporting verb everyday, occasionally, usually, normally
present indefinite tense
comma Reported speech Double
He (be) always regular.
Inverted Comma Reported speech  He is always regular.
Capital Letter Rakib often (visit) us.
Ex. he said i am a doctor.  Rakib often visits us.
 He said, “ I am a doctor.” Exercise:
he said have you finished your work. 1. I (to be) a first year student.
 He said, “ Have you finished your work?” 2. She (to be) my friend.
3. He (to read) a book.
Punctuation Mark = 15 4. Kamal (to play) football.
1. (.) 2. ( , ) 3. (?) 4. (!) 5. I (to have) a nice pen.
5. ( ’) 6. (“––”) 7. (;) 8. (:) 6. The people of Bangladesh (to be) very poor.
7. They (to be) happy couple as I know.
9. ( :- ) 10. ( – ) 11. (#) 12. ( ) 8. The air (to be) gentle.
13. (*) 14. ( ) 15. (.....) 9. Your hair (to be) black.
10. Oxygen (to be) necessary for living beings.
Punctuation Mark 11. Honesty (to be) the best policy.
12. Jamal always (to talk) in the class.
13. Bashir (to go) to college regularly.
Full Stop (.) 14. Limon (to be) a singer.
1. Full stop Assertive sentence, 15. They (to be) players.
Imperative sentence, Indirect speech 16. Mito always (feel) tension.
17. She (walk) on the high road everyday.
I am a student. 18. Ice (float) on water.
Read Attentively. 19. Honey (taste) sweet.
2. Abbreviation Rule–4 : now, at present, at this moment, day
T.N.O, U.S.A by day verb- ing
Present continuous tense
At present people (to cut) down trees for various purposes.
 At present people are cutting down trees for various
purposes.
Exercise :
1. What are you (do) now?
2. Bangladesh (to develop) day by day.

Page-8 Sample Sir-01979462686

3. Riva (to sing) a song now.
4. It (to go) out of control now.
5. Ritu (to read) a book now.
Rule–5 : sentence- just, just now, already, yet, ever,
lately, recently, immediately present perfect tense

He has just (go) out.

 He has just gone out.
Have you ever (go) there?
 Have you ever gone there?
Rule–6 : sentence- have, has, had, shall have, will
have, having, be verb- past participle

I have (write) a letter.

 I have written a letter.
Rina has (carry) the eggs.
 Rina has carried the eggs.
Exercise :
1. The innings just (begin).
2. Have you ever (be) to Cox’s Bazar?
3. I already (forget) his name.
4. You (see) her lately?
5. He (leave) the place just now.
6. She (not drop) her letter yet.
7. Having (visit) the place, I got much pleasure.
8. He just (have) his lunch.
9. Having (kill) the killer fled.
Rule–7 : Relative Pronoun (Who, Which, that)-
Noun Antecedent Complex Sentence
Antecedent verb
Rina who (be) my friend should stand by me.
 Rina who is my friend should stand by me.
Rule–8 : verb
present perfect continuous tense
Rony has (to read) for three hours.
 Rony has been reading for three hours.
It (rain) since morning.
 It has been raining since morning.
Exercise:
1. It is I who (deserve) the reward.
2. This is he who (to be) blame.
3. I (to suffer) from fever for five days.
4. They (play) for two hours.
5. Kamal (live) here for five years.
Rule–9: Modal Auxiliaries (can, could, may, might, shall,
should, will, would, must, ought to, had to, need to, dare not,
going to), had better ,had rather, had sooner, would better,
would rather, would sooner, make, help, let to, cannot but/
could not but, see, hear, behold, watch, has to, have to had
to,be+to used to- Verb- Present form
You had better (go) now.
 You had better go now.
They need not (say) so.
 They need not say so.
I let him (go) there.
 I let him go there.
He made me (do) the work.
He made me do the work.
I saw him (go) in silence.

Page-9 Sample Sir-01979462686

 Tag Questions (i) Affirmative Statement Negative Tag
Negative Statement Affirmative Tag
Tag Question (ii) Tag Question Subject Pronoun statement
subject pronoun
(iii) Tag Question-
Examples :
Tag Question (a) Miron plays football, doesn’t he?
(b) Runa does not know how to swim, does she?
(c) The lady was a gluttonous eater, wasn’t she?
(d) Student’s must not engage in politics, must they?
Riaz is honest, isn’t he? (iv) Affirmative Sentence- Auxiliary verb contracted form
They are running, aren’t they? Contracted form Tag
Rina has not come, has she? Question Auxiliary verb-
You cannot do this work, can you? Contracted form
Main Form Contracted Form
I am I’m
Tag I have I’ve
Question Tag Question (a) Affirmative (b) We have We’ve
Negative Tag. You have You’ve
Negative Tag Question They have They’ve
Affirmative Tag Question He is/has He’s
Tag Question She is/has She’s
It is/has It’s
Tag Question I had/would I’d
Tag Question verb We had/would We’d
You had/would You’d
Affirmative Tag am, is, are, was, were, shall, He had / would He’d
She had/would She’d
will, should, would, have, has, had, can, could, may,
They had/would They’d
might, must, ought (to), used (to), dare It had/would It’d
need ( do, does, did There had There’d
Negative Tag verb- We are We’re
negative form ( ) You are Your’re
Negative Tag Negative Tag There is There’s
Am not Aren’t I will/shall I’ll
Is not Isn’t We will/shall We’ll
Are not Aren’t You will You’ll
Was not Wasn’t He will He’ll
Were not Weren’t She will She’ll
Shall not Shan’t It will It’ll
Should not Shouldn’t They will They’ll
Will not Won’t There will There’ll
Would not Wouldn’t
Cannot Can’t Examples:
Could not Couldn’t I’ve done my duty, _____?
May not Mayn’t Ans: I’ve done my duty, haven’t I?
Might not Mightn’t We’re not naughty, _____,
Have not Haven’t Ans: We’re not naughty, are we?
Has not Hasn’t I’m not wrong, ____?
Had not Hadn’t Ans: I’m not wrong, am I?
Do not Don’t I shan’t go to cinema, _____?
Does not Doesn’t Ans: I shan’t go to cinema, shall I?
Did not Didn’t
Must not Mustn’t
Dare not Daren’t
Need not Needn’t
Ought not Oughtn’t

Page-10 Sample Sir-01979462686

 Sentence Tag Question Rule-09: statement subject everyone, everybody,
someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, none,
Asstertive Sentence Tag any/every/no + noun (every mother) Tag Question
subject they they Auxiliary
Rule-01 : sentence there there- verb
subject tag questions Everybody hankers after happiness, don’t they?
There was a king in China, wasn’t there? Every mother cares for her baby, don’t they?
There is something wrong with him, isn’t there?
There are some problems, aren’t there? Rule-10 : statement subject nothing, something,
everything, anything, no other thing Tag Question
Rule-02: moon, earth, river, motherland, country, ship,
subject it
nature, spring, autumn, mother tongue, ferry, train word Something is wrong, isn’t it?
Feminine Gender she Nothing is certain in life, is it?

Bangladesh is a land of river, isn’t she? Rule-11 : statement subject any of, each of, many
The moon shines at night, doesn’t she? of, some of, all of, neither of, either of, most of, none of,
Japan is a great friend of bangladesh, isn’t she? everyone of us, you, them Tag Question
The Parabat Express arrives at 11.30 pm at the station, doesn’t subject we, you, they
she? Some of us are selfish, aren’t we?
None of them admitted the truth, did they?
Rule-03 : Subject
Tag Question ‘It’ Singular Subject Rule-12 : statement subject all of the, most of the
The baby is crying, isn’t it? , some of the Plural Noun
My new pen writes well, doesn’t it? buildings, tables etc) Tag Question Subject
A cat catches mouse, doesn’t it? it/they plural noun people, boys, etc)
Rule-04 : sentence subject one tag Tag Question Subject they
question- subject one Most of the trees have been cut off, hasn’t it/ haven’t they?
Most of the people are illiterate, aren’t they?
One can eat a dozen apple, can’t one?
One should love one’s country, shouldn’t one? Rule- 13 : Statement Negative
One should do one’s duty, shouldn’t one? hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely, rare, little, few, never,
nothing, neither, no one, none, nobody Positive
Rule- 05 : sentence subject this, that Tag
Tag
Question Subject ‘it’ sentence subject
It hardly rains in winter, does it?
these those Tag Question- subject ‘they’
There are few people in the campus, are there?
This is nice pen, isn’t it? Rule- 14 : I, we, you- Pronoun Proper Noun
This is a novel by Rabindranth, isn’t it? sentence subject Tag Question subject ‘it’
These are books, aren’t they?
That was my pen, wasn’t it? ‘I’ is a pronun, isn’t it?
‘I’ is a vowel, isn’t it?
Rule-06 : statement Adjective the
common noun subject plural Rule-15 : As well as, along with, together with ,accompanied
Tag Question subject they by, with, including, excluding, except, rather than, and not
Noun/Pronoun Tag Question Subject
The rich are not always happy, are they? Noun/Pronoun-
The pious are always happy, aren’t they? I along with my friends am going to visit the zoo today, aren’t
The rich shouldn’t hate the poor, should they? I?
You rather than Pallabi are responsible for this, aren’t you?
Rule-07 : sentence used to sentence Tag
question sentence Affirmative didn’t Rule-16 : Either .... or, Neither ... nor, Not only ..... but also
Negative did sentence subject Or subject subject Tag Question
used to to subject
You used to play football in the afternoon, didn’t you?
Not only Abir but also his friends are fond of cricket, aren’t
The baby used to eat chocolate, didn’t it?
they?
You used to go there, didn’t you?
Rule- 08 : statement Auxiliary verb
Rule- 17 : Statement need/dare not
Tag Question
Model Auxiliaries Tag Question need/dare
(It’s) A sweet baby, isn’t it?
need/dare not Main
(You are) Muslim, aren’t you?
(It’s) A nice day, isn’t it? verb Tense Person Auxiliary Verb

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We need not go there, need we? it is! Tag isn’t it? the girl was Tag wasn’t
We needed to go there, didn’t we? she?
They do not need to be worried, do they? What a pity! isn’t it?
He dare not come, dare he? How silly! isn’t it?
How odd! isn’t it?
Rule- 18 : Statement Subject have/has + Complement
have to / has to Tag Questions Auxiliary verb Complex Compound Sentence Tag
have/has have/have to
don’t has/has to doesn’t Rule- 01: Statement Complex Sentence Principle
Had/complement had to hadn’t Clause subject verb Tag Question
didn’t subordinating Conjunction Clause
I have a horse, haven’t I / don’t I?
Clause Principal
They have to do it, haven’t they/ don’t they?
Clause
He has to come, hasn’t he/ doesn’t he?
They had to take a decision, didn’t they / hadn’t they? If you come, I will go, won’t I?
You may fail unless you study, mayn’t you?
Imperative Sentence Tag Rule- 02 : Statement Compound sentence
Rule-01 : Imperative sentence Clause Subject verb Tag Question
Tag Question will you / won’t you / would you / could you

Sing a song, will you / won’t you / would you / could you? Mintu is tall but his brother is short, isn’t he?
Rule-02 : Imperative sentence Tag
Question will you / won’t you / can’t you / would you / Rule- 03 : Complex sentence Clause think,
could you hope, guess, see, believe, feel, means, agree verb
Open the box, will you / won’t you / would you / could you? ‘that’ conjunction Clause subject
Note : Rule-1 Rule-2 will you / won’t verb Tag Question ‘that’
you Clause subject verb Tag Question
Rule- 03 : Imperative sentence do not/ don’t
I hope you will do better, won’t you?
Tag Question will you
I hope that you will do better, don’t I?
Don’t be silly , will you?
I think they are hard-working, aren’t they?
I think that they are active, don’t I?
Rule- 04 : Imperative sentence lest’s / let us
Tag Question shall we
Let’s play, shall we? Exercise On Tag –Question
Let us go out, shall we?
Rule- 05 : Imperative sentence let us
01. [DB '17]
Noun/Pronoun Tag Question Will you (a) Telling lies is a great sin, —?
Let Shimu take a decision, will you? (b) One lie begets hundred lies, —?
Let me come in, will you?
(c) Man hardly believes a liar, —?
(d) A liar has to lead a miserable life, —?
Exclamatory Sentence Tag (e) So, all of us ought to refrain from telling lies, —?
02. [RB '17]
Rule- 01 : How/What Exclamatory Sentence (a) Patriotism is a great virtue, —?
subject verb Tag Question (b) Every religion teaches us to be patriot, —?
sentence subject verb (c) We all must remember that the country is above
How sweet the baby is! isn’t it? everything, —?
What a nice day it is! isn’t it? (d) Why some people forget it is really a question —?
How sweet she speaks! doesn’t she? (e) We hope that nobody will derail from the right
path, —?
Rule- 02 : Exclamatory sentence subject verb 03. [DinajB '17]
sense Subject verb Tag (a) Time and tide wait for none, —?
(b) Unfortunately, many of us waste our time, —?
(c) None can prosper in life without utilizing time
How charming!, ______? properly, —?
subject verb sense it/ the scenery / (d) So, everybody should realize this truth, —?
the girl / the girls / the country / the city + is/was (e) Let's make the best use of time, —?
Tag Question How charming 04. [JB '17]

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 (a) The freedom fighters are the real heroes, —? (d) She shouldn't be motivated at all, ?
(b) Nothing is greater than their sacrifice, —? (e) Let's talk to her ?
(c) Their contribution for our country will always be 12. [JB '16]
remembered, —? (a) Hello, Rumi. You saw the programme on arsenic
(d) We should never neglect them, —? pollution in the ATN yesterday, ?
(e) Every citizen of Bangladesh must have due respect (b) Oh! Rajib. It has already become a serious
for them, —? problem in our country, ?
05. [CB '17] (c) Yes, it enters into our body when we take arsenic
(a) Most of students who fail in English do not have contaminated water, ?
strong foundation on grammar, —? (d) It can cause different diseases, ?
(b) No, they read only to pass the examination, —? (e) You are right, Rumi. Everyone must be careful
(c) Yes, teacher should motivate them to learn the about taking water, ?
basic things, —? 13. [CB '16]
(d) Yes, they cannot help learning grammar, —? (a) I need a pen, ?
(e) No, moreover, practice is essential too, —? (b) I must write a letter to my friend, ?
06. [CtgB '17] (c) I have not written any letter to him for a long time,
(a) Fishes can swim, —? ?
(b) Once our rivers abounded with fishes, —? (d) As we are friends, I think, we should keep in
(c) But at present the water of most of the rivers has touch, ?
been polluted, —? (e) I am irregular in writing but my friend is always
(d) So, there is scarcity of fish, —? regular in writing, ?
(e) We must take measures to protect the rivers from 14. [CtgB '16]
being polluted, —? (a) The wind blows gently in the spring, ?
07. [SB '17] (b) Let them do the work, ?
(a) Mina is having a birthday party in the afternoon, (c) How nice the flowers are, ?
—? (d) Everything looks beautiful in a moonlit night, ?
(b) Yes, she's been busy cleaning and dusting the (e) Work hard to succeed, ?
drawing room, —? 15. [SB '16]
(c) Yesterday her father bought her a lovely dress, —? (a) Your letter gave me much pleasure, ?
(d) And her mother wants to give her a pleasant (b) I am glad to inform you about our sports day, ?
surprise, —? (c) We decorated the school campus colourfully, ?
(e) Let's buy a nice gift for her, —? (d) Among the events, sack race and three leg race
08. [BB '17] were interesting, ?
(a) Man is the best creature of God, —? (e) None could resist laughter watching these events, ?
(b) But sometimes the beast in us comes out, —? 16. [BB '16]
(c) Some of us are known as good persons in the (a) We see that Masum has little knowledge about
society, —? games and sports, ?
(d) Those who are involved to do harm to others (b) Let's talk to him, ?
should avoid it, —? (c) We think he doesn't know how to play tennis, ?
(e) Let's make a peaceful and happy society, —? (d) Everybody praises an all rounder, ?
09. [DB '16] (e) Though he is a good student, he is lazy, ?
(a) Success cannot be achieved without efforts, ? 17. [DB '15]
(b) Everybody knows it, ? (a) Most of the students who fail in English don't have
(c) The successful people are very industrious, ? strong foundation over grammar, —?
(d) Everything glorious is gained through hard labour, (b) They read only to pass the examination, —?
? (c) Teachers should motivate them to learn the basic
(e) So, industry is the key to success, ? thing, —?
10. [RB '16] (d) They can't help learning grammar, —?
(a) Telling lies is a great sin, ? (e) Moreover, practice is essential too, —?
(b) One lie begets hundred lies, ? 18. [RB '15]
(c) None believes a liar, ? (a) Nobody believes a cheat, —?
(d) He has to lead a miserable life, ? (b) Everybody hates him, —?
(e) So, all of us ought to refrain from telling lies, ? (c) He has to drag a miserable life, —?
11. [DinajB '16] (d) He can hardly succeed in life, —?
(a) Shapna has little knowledge about computer, ? (e) Let us always speak the truth, —?
(b) But she can improve herself if she is interested in 19. [DinajB '15]
it, ? (a) I am Rajib, a boy of class-10, —?
(c) I think she has no interest in it, ?

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 (b) I am reading in science group. I aim to be a doctor, (d) Micro-credit organizations can come foward to
—? solve the problem, —?
(c) But my parents want that I shall be an army (e) The government should have social security belt,
officer, —? —?
(d) I have to work hard for whatever I want to be. 27. (a) Each and everybody wants to succeed in life, —?
Because success in life depends on hard work, —? (b) But it is not an easy task, —?
(e) My parents always advise me to work hard, —? (c) A man should work hard to get success in life, —?
20. [JB '15] (d) He must not be lazy and poorly motivated in his
(a) I am sorry, Ramit. I am very late, —? action, —?
(b) There was a traffic jam, —? (e) Rather he will be committed and dedicated to his
(c) Oh! Don't worry. The train is late, —? goal of life, —?
(d) Then, have a cup of tea, —? 28. (a) The boy has little idea about illiteracy, —?
(e) Yes, let's go to the canteen, —? (b) But he is not uneducated, —?
21. [CB '15] (c) He wants to do something for his nation, —?
(a) I am doing a very important work. Don't disturb (d) But, sometimes his luck frustrates him, —?
me, —? (e) He thinks that he will be able to overcome
(b) Rupa said to Mina, "How happy you are in a the initial problems faced by him, —?
nuclear family! —?" 29. (a) You will surely plan to fail if you fail to plan, —?
(c) My cousin lives in a village. He hardly comes (b) A good plan scarcely lets you fail, —?
here, —? (c) Great people could do nothing without a plan of
(d) I study in a reputed school. I am a student, —? action, —?
(e) Don't make late. Let's go, —? (d) Fortune also dare not fail a well-planned effort, —
22. [CtgB '15] ?
(a) Mina is having a birthday party in the afternoon, (e) So, plan before proceed, —?
—? 30. (a) Good afternoon. How are you? Quite fine. It's a
(b) Yes, she is. She's been busy in cleaning and long time since we met last, —?
dusting the drawing room, —? (b) Probably we met each other eight months ago, —?
(c) Yesterday her father brought her a lovely dress, — (c) Yes, I thought you could not but come to the fair,
? —?
(d) And her mother wants to give her a pleasant (d) You are right. What's that in your hand? It's
surprise, —? Shanchita by Kazi Nazrul Islam. You did not read
(e) Certainly, let's buy a nice gift for you, —? the whole book, —?
23. [SB '15] (e) No, I did not. I have bought it further reading. Let's
(a) Everyone is nostalgic in life, —. move and see other book stalls, —?
(b) We hardly forget the golden past, —. 31. (a) Time and tide wait for none, —?
(c) The memories of childhood are always haunting us (b) Success cannot be achieved without efforts, —?
—? (c) No, I don't agree with you. At this stage a child
(d) Nothing is more pleasant to man than the sweetest cannot take decision, —?
memories of childhood, —? (d) Nothing is more pleasant to him than the memories
(e) Therefore, let's practise it, —? of childhood, —?
24. [SB '15] (e) Manners make man. But what about our young
(a) A nuclear family has some advantages, —? generation nowadays? They hardly practice a good
(b) There are only a few family members, —? manner, —?
(c) It is calm and quiet, —? 32. (a) Not all men joined the party, —?
(d) So, one can have peace and happiness in a nuclear (b) Some went to the field and some came here,
family, —? —?
(e) One need not think of others, —? (c) The party ended without any success, —?
25. (a) Please let her do whatever she likes, —? (d) The Headmaster as well as Secretary attended
(b) The stranger as well as her friends visited the the party, —?
spot, —? (e) One but all of the members looked for him,
(c) He hardly comes here, —? —?
(d) Neither you nor she cut the cake, —? 33. (a) We notice some remarkable changes in the food
(e) 'I' is a vowel, —? habits of our country, —?
26. (a) Begging is the result of our poor socio-economic (b) You are right. Urban people have greatly changed
system, —? their food habits, —?
(b) Beggars do not have any social dignity, —? (c) Our young people are habituated to some fast food
(c) Everybody feels pity for them, —? like pizzas, burgers, faluda, lassi, etc. —?

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 (d) Certainly. Fast food can be eaten or carried away (c) You look so delicate. It seems tired. I think you are
quickly, —? weak now, —?
(e) Nowadays, our aged persons are no more (d) Hasan has little idea about it, —?
dependent on our traditional food only, —? (e) I have a few books on Arabic, —?
34. (a) Money is a must for our life, —? 42. (a) War is a curse to human civilization. In ancient time
(b) One can do almost nothing without it, —? war was confined to soldiers, —?
(c) But money can hardly bring happiness —? (b) Since there was no rain, he was not worried, —?
(d) What you need most to be happy is contentment, (c) He always speaks the truth. It is known to all the
—? villagers. He said to them, "Without cultivating the
(e) That's why few people lead a happy life, —? habit of speaking the truth, we cannot command
35. (a) Brave people are always winners. The brave the confidence of others, —?"
deserve the fair, —? (d) Suddenly she saw the strange appearance of the
(b) All the students were very sick. Neither of them ghost. She said to his father, "How ugly it was, —
went, —? !"
(c) The old are the storehouse of valuable experience. (e) Sohel is lazy. He can't take a good preparation for
Respect the old, —? the exam and he wants to copy in the exam. But
(d) A liar needs a good memory. One lie begets his classmate said to him. "We need not copy in
hundred lies, —? the exam if we are attentive in study, —?"
(e) There was a debate competition between our 43. (a) Charity begins at home, —?
school and Rangpur Govt. Girls' High School. Our (b) He's already started for Dhaka, —?
school won the competition, —? (c) I think I am right, —?
36. (a) Every student can realize the importance of (d) He has few friends, —?
learning English. But she hardly realizes it, —? (e) Everybody praises a brilliant student, —?
(b) Man has landed on the moon. He is preparing to 44. (a) Man is fond of turning back to the past, —?
set fast on the Mars. Actually nothing is (b) The present may be good, —?
impossible for him, —? (c) But everybody hardly forgets golden past, —?
(c) She disturbed the boy repeatedly. As he became (d) Nothing is more pleasant to him than the memories
dissatisfied, he started complaining, —? of childhood, —?
(d) I am very busy now. I cannot accompany you (e) The memories of childhood really haunt us, —?
today. Let's meet tomorrow, —? 45. (a) They don't know what my name is, —?
(e) Football is a popular game. Nobody denies it, —? (b) We'd commence the work, —?
37. (a) The unfed should be fed, —? (c) He has few friends, —?
(b) There's been an accident, —? (d) No one went there, —?
(c) The brother rose in him, —? (e) We need to buy some flowers, —?
(d) Everybody praises a well-mannered student, —? 46. (a) Not all men joined the party, —?
(e) What you need most to be happy is contentment, (b) Some went to the field and some came here, —?
—? (c) The party ended without any success, —?
38. (a) Everyone is nostalgic in life, —? (d) The secretary and the chairman of the party
(b) We hardly forget the golden past, —? remained sitting, —?
(c) The memories of childhood are always haunting (e) One but all of the members looked for me, —?
us, —? 47. (a) The marriage ceremony of your sister is going to
(d) Nothing is more pleasant to man than the sweetest be held tomorrow, —?
memories of childhood, —? (b) Yes, my parents want you to join the occasion, —?
(e) Therefore, let's practice it, —? (c) You have invited Raisa, —?
39. (a) Every mother loves her child, —? (d) Of course. It will be a great pleasure if you join the
(b) What a strange! —? programme, —?
(c) Nobody was present there, —? (e) Please carry your camera with you, —?
(d) Let me do the work, —? 48. (a) Seeing is believing, —?
(e) Who cares? —? (b) The colour of our trees and plants charmed him, —
40. (a) Let us have discussion, —? ?
(b) Time and tide wait for none, —? (c) Rahim and not his brothers came, —?
(c) Many a man wastes valuable time, —? (d) The elite attended the party, —?
(d) None could prosper in life without utilizing time, (e) Neither of them enjoyed the meal, —?
—? 49. (a) You have done well in the exam, —?
(e) Everybody should realize this truth, —? (b) No, not at all, I was sick, —?
41. (a) He seldom comes here, —? (c) So, you are going to sit for the exam next year
(b) Everybody here is very friendly. So they help me again, —?
in this way or that way, —? (d) Yes, I will. My parents also think so, —?

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 (e) You should study hard for the next year, —?
50. (a) I am sorry, Rahim. I am very late, —?
(b) There was a traffic jam. I had to start earlier, —?
(c) Don't worry. A few participants have come, —?
(d) No sooner had all the people presented than the
program started, —?
(e) The co-ordinator said, "Let's start, —?"

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