Closed Loop

Transfer Function
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Q.11. Rearrange into an equivalent unity feedback diagram,

GATE – 1992
2
Q.15. Determine:
(i) The maximum gain for stable operation.
(ii) The corresponding frequency of oscillation.

GATE – 1992
3
Q.18. A closed loop feedback control system consists of a second order process,

and a proportional controller (GC (s) = KC ). The roots of characteristics equation of

the closed loop system are –2 and –1 in absence of controller and roots are –1.5 ± 0.5i
when KC = 4.
(i). Determine Kp , τ1 , τ2 .
(ii). Determine limits on KC so that the response of the system to a step input is non-
oscillatory. GATE – 1993
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Q.20. The transfer function of a process, a measuring element and a control valve is given
respectively by,

A proportional controller with gain of KC = 1 is used.

(a). Write the closed loop transfer function relating the output (Y) to the set point (Yr).
(b). What is the steady state error in the output for a unit step in the set point. GATE – 1994
5 Q.36. The transfer function of a process, measuring device, controller and control
valve, respectively is given by –

Gm = 1, GC = KC , GV = 1 The root locus diagram of the system is given in figure 2.

(a) Identify locations of point A and B
(b) At Kc =1, the roots of the system are located at point C. Identify the location of
point C
(c) Determine the value of KP

GATE – 1995
6 Q.48. A control system is shown below (Fig.),

(a) Determine the variation of C with time for a unit step change in the set-
point.
(b) What is the offset ? GATE – 1997
Q.50. A control system is shown below (Fig.).

Using the Routh test, determine the value of KC at which the system just becomes
unstable. GATE – 1997
8

Q.56. In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process

with transfer function 1 / 2s . The controller proposed to be used is an integral
controller with transfer function 1 / τI s , When a step change in set point is applied
to such a closed loop system, the controlled variable will exhibit.
(A) overdamped response
(B) underdamped response
(C) undamped response
(D) unstable response GATE – 1998
9

Q.65. A proportional controller is used for the control of a first-order system. If the
dynamics of all the other units in the control loop are negligible and their steady-
state gains are all equal to unity, show that
-A) the response of the controlled process is faster than that of the uncontrolled
process, and
-B) the offset, both for changes in the set point and in the load variable, decreases as
the parameter of the controller is increased. GATE – 1999
Q.74. Given the following block diagram,

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(A) Express the transfer function (Y/X) as a ratio of polynomials in s,

(B) Calculate the offset in C due to a unit step change in the reference signal
(setpoint) R. GATE – 2000
11
Q.79. The block diagram of an integrating level process is given below. For unit
step change in the set point Δhset = 1 with Δd = 0, the offset exhibited by the system
is

GATE – 2001
Q.101. For the block diagram shown below,

the characteristic equation is

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GATE – 2004
Q.116. The block diagram of a closed loop control system is shown in the figure below. Y
is the controlled variable, D is disturbance, Ysp is the set point, G1 , G2 , and G3 are transfer
functions, and Kc is the proportional controller.

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(i) The closed loop transfer function Y(s)/D(s) is given by

(ii) Let G1 (s) = 1 and G2 (s) = G3 (s) = 1/(s + 1). A step change of magnitude M is made in
the set point. The steady state offset of the closed loop response Y is

GATE – 2006
Q.137. The block diagram for a control system is shown below :

14

For a unit step change in the set point, R(s), the steady state offset in the output
Y(s) is
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.3 (C) 0.4 (D) 0.5 GATE – 2009
Q.142. A block diagram for a control system is shown below :

15

The steady state gain of the closed loop system, between output Y(s) and set point
R(s), is
(A) 5/9 (B) 4/9 (C) 1/3 (D) 2/9 GATE – 2010
Q.143. Consider the cascade control configuration shown in the figure below :

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The system is stable when KC,2 is

(A) 3/4 (B) 1 (C) 5/4 (D) 3/2 GATE – 2010
Q.153. The block diagram of a system with a proportional controller is shown below

17

A unit step input is introduced in the set point. The value of Kc to provide a critically
damped response for U = 0, τp = 8 and τm= 1 is
(A) 3.34 (B) 2.58 (C) 1.53 (D) 1.12 GATE – 2012
Q.164. Consider the following block diagram for a closed-loop feedback control system

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A proportional controller is being used with Kc = −4. If a step change in disturbance of

magnitude 2 affects the system, then the value of the offset is
(A) 0.50 (B) 0.60 (C) 0.70 (D) 0.80 GATE – 2014
Q.166. The transfer function for the disturbance response in an open-loop process is
given by . The corresponding transfer function for the disturbance response in a
closed-loop feedback control system with proportional controller is given by .
Select the option that is ALWAYS correct {O[G(s)] represents order of transfer
function G(s)} :

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GATE – 2015
Q.168. The block diagram for a process with feedback control for output deviation
variable h is shown in the figure below. All transfer functions are given with pre-
factor of s in minutes. A unit step change is made in the set-point at t = 0. The me
required for h to reach 50% of its ultimate value, in minutes (up to two decimal
places), is: _________ .

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GATE – 2015
21

Q.187. For a closed-loop system, consider the following transfer functions: process
GP(s), controller GC(s), measuring device Gm(s), and final control element Gf(s)

The offset in the closed loop response due to a unit step change introduced in the set
point of the output variable is ________. GATE – 2018
22
Q.195. Consider the following closed loop system with Gp and Gc , as the
transfer functions of the process and the controller, respectively.

For a unit step change in the set point (ysp), the change in the value of the
response(y) at steady state is________ (round off to 1 decimal place).
GATE – 2020
Q.211. In the block diagram shown in the figure, the transfer function

with 𝐾 > 0 and 𝜏 > 0. The maximum value of 𝐾 below which the system remains stable
is __________ (rounded off to two decimal places).

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GATE – 2022
Q.212. Consider the tank level control system shown in the figure, where the cross-section
area of the tank is 𝐴. Assume perfect flow controllers (FC). The level controller (LC) is
proportional-integral (PI). For an integral time, 𝜏I , the level controller gain, 𝐾C , is tuned for
critical damping.

The value of is ________ (rounded off to the nearest integer).

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GATE – 2022
Que. No. Answer Que. No. Answer Que. No. Answer Que. No. Answer
1. Subjective 14. A 27. C 40.
2. Subjective 15. B 28. B 41.
3. Subjective 16. 4/3 29. A 42.
4. Subjective 17. C 30. D 43.
5. Subjective 18. A 31. A 44.
6. Subjective 19. D 32. 45.
7. Subjective 20. 0.867 33. 46.
8. C 21. 0.41-0.42 34. 47.
9. Subjective 22. 0.9-1.1 35. 48.
10. Subjective 23. 0.70-0.72 36. 49.
11. C 24. -4 to -4 OR 4 to 4 37. 50.
12. C 25. B 38. 51.
13. D, A 26. D 39. 52.