BIOLOGY BY NEERAJ SIR

MCQ PRACTICE SHEET

PRINCIPALS OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
1. Why did Mendel choose to work with the garden pea plant?
(a) Because the pea plant is easy to work with.
(b) Because pea plants are fast growing.
(c) Because the pea plant has a number of characteristics, each with only two forms.
(d) All of the above
2. In Mendel’s first experiment
(a) F1 displayed all purple-flowered plants.
(b) F1 displayed all white-flowered plants.
(c) F2 displayed all purple-flowered plants.
(d) F2 displayed half purple-flowered and half white-flowered plants.
3. The law of independent assortment states that
(a) Two factors of the same characteristic separate into different gametes.
(b) There are dominant and recessive factors.
(c) Factors controlling different characteristics are inherited independently of each other.
(d) There are two factors that control inheritance.
4. In Mendel’s initial experiments, an example of the F2 generation would be
(a) 75 round seed plants to 25 wrinkled seed plants
(b) 75 green seed plants to 25 yellow seed plants
(c) 75 white-flowered plants to 25 purple-flowered plants
(d) all of the above
5. What is the inheritance pattern when both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype of a
heterozygote?
(a) Multiple alleles
(b) Incomplete dominance
(c) Co-dominance
(d) Polygenic characteristics
6. What is the inheritance pattern when the dominant allele is not completely dominant?
(a) Multiple alleles
(b) Incomplete dominance
(c) Co-dominance
(d) Polygenic characteristics
7. What is the inheritance pattern associated with the ABO blood type in humans?
(a) Multiple alleles
(b) Incomplete dominance
(c) Co-dominance
(d) Polygenic characteristics
8. In a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent, what
is the chance of the offspring having a heterozygous genotype?
(a) 25%
(b) 50%
(c) 75%
(d) 100%
9. In a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent, what
is the chance of the offspring having the dominant phenotype?
(a) 25%
(b) 50%
(c) 75%
(d) 100%
10. In a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent, what is the
chance of the offspring having a heterozygous genotype?
(a) 25%
(b) 50%
(c) 75%
(d) 100%
11. In a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent, what is the
chance of the offspring having the dominant phenotype?
(a) 25%
(b) 50%
(c) 75%
(d) 100%
12. In a cross involving two heterozygous parents, which is the chance of the offspring having the
dominant phenotype?
(a) 25%
(b) 50%
(c) 75%
(d) 100
13. A useful process for determining whether an individual is homozygous or heterozygous is
(a) cross-breeding
(b) self-fertilization
(c) Back-crossing
(d) Test cross
14. Heterozygous tall plants were crossed with dwarf plants what will be the ratio of dwarf
plants in the following progeny?
(a) 50%
(b) 25 %
(c) 75%
(d) 100%
15. The cross between heterozygous A blood group mother with B blood group father
heterozygous). What will be the expected blood group of the first filial generation?
(a) AB group
(b) A group
(c) B group
(d) All of the above
16. A woman with normal vision, but whose father was colour-blind, marries a colour-blind
man. Suppose that the fourth child of this couple was a boy. This boy
(a) Maybe colour-blind or may be of normal vision
(b) Must be colour-blind
(c) Must have normal colour vision
(d) Will be partially colour-blind since he is heterozygous for the colour blind mutant allele.
17. Which of the following is not a hereditary disease?
(a) Cystic Fibrosis
(b) Thalassemia
(c) Haemophilia
(d) Cretinism
18. Haemophilia is more commonly seen in human males than in human females because
(a) a greater proportion of girls died in infancy
(b) this disease is due to a Y- Y-linked recessive mutation
(c) this disease is due to an X-linked recessive mutation
(d) this disease is due to an X-linked dominant mutation
19. A woman with 47 chromosomes due to 3 copies of chromosome 21 is characterized by
(a) Super Femaleness
(b) Triploidy
(c) Turner’s Syndrome
(d) Down’s Syndrome
20. How many true breeding pea plant varieties did Mendel select as pairs, which similar except
in one character with contrasting traits?
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 14 (d) 8
21. Among the following characters, which one was not considered by Mendel in his
experiments on pea?
(a) Seed- Green or yellow
(b) Trichomes- Glandular or non-glandular
(c) Pod- Inflated or constricted
(d) Stem- Tall or dwarf
22. Phenotype of an organism is the result of
(a) genotype and environmental interactions
(b) mutations and linkages
(c) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
(d) environmental changes and sexual dimorphism
23. How many different gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Nine
24. In Mendel’s experiments with the garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over
wrinkled seeds (rr), Yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What
are the expected Phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY X rryy?
(a) Round Seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
(b) Only round seeds with green cotyledons
(c) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
(d) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
25. Test cross involves
(a) Crossing between two genotypes with a dominant trait
(b) Crossing between two genotypes with a recessive trait
(c) Crossing between two F1 hybrids
(d) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
26. If a colour blind woman marries a normal vision man, their sons will be
(a) all colour blind
(b) all normal vision
(c) one – half colour blind and one-half normal
(d) three – fourths colour blind and one-fourth normal
27. Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel’s hybridisation experiments?
(a) 1840-1850
(b) 1857-1869
(c) 1870-1877
(d) 1856-1863
28. Inheritance of skin colour in humans is an example of
(a) Point Mutation
(b) Polygenic inheritance
(c) Co dominance
(d) Chromosomal aberrations
29. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green, if a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is
crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants, would you
expect in the F1 generation?
(a) 9 : 1
(b) 1 : 3
(c) 3 : 1
(d) 50 : 50
30. The genotypes of a husband and wife are IAIB and IAI. Among the blood types of their
children, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible?
(a) 3 genotypes; 4 phenotypes
(b) 4 genotypes; 3 phenotypes
(c) 4 genotypes; 4 phenotypes
(d) 3 genotypes; 3 phenotypes
31. Which one of the following conditions in a human is correctly matched with its chromosomal
abnormality/linkage?
(a) Erythroblastosis foetalis – X-linked
(b) Down’s syndrome – 44 autosomes +XXY
(c) Klinefelter’s syndrome – 44 autosomes+XXY
(d) Colour blindness – Y-linked
32. The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not
ABC, because “O” in it refers to having
(a) Over dominance of this type on the genes for A and B types
(b) One antibody only – either anti – A or anti – B on the RBCs
(c) no antigens A and B on RBCs
(d) other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
33. Sickle cell anaemia is
(a) Caused by substitution of Valine by glutamic acid in the beta-globin chain of haemoglobin.
(b) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
(c) Characterized by elongated sickle-like RBCs with a nucleus
(d) An autosomal dominant trait
34. Which one of the following cannot be explained based on Mendel’s law of dominance?
(a) The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called a factor
(b) Out of one pair of factors one is dominant, and the other recessive
(c) Alleles do not show any blending and both the characters recover as such in the F2 generation
(d) Factors occur in pairs
35. Select the correct statement from the ones given below for the di hybrid cross.
(a) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosomes show higher recombination
(b) Genes far apart on the same chromosome show very few recombination
(c) Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome show similar recombination
(d) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombination
36. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by gene I. It has three alleles – IA, IB, and i. Since
there are 3 different allele’s six different genotypes are possible. How many phenotypes
occur?
(a) Three
(b) One
(c) Four
(d) Two
37. Mutations can be induced with
(a) Infrared radiations
(b) IAA
(c) Ethylene
(d) gamma radiations
38. Test cross in plants or Drosophila involves crossing
(a) between two genotypes with a recessive trait
(b) between two F1 hybrids
(c) the F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
(d) between two genotypes with dominant traits
39. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by the gene I. it has three alleles- I, I and i. since
there are three different alleles, six different genotypes are possible. How many phenotypes
can occur?
(a) Three (b) One (c) Four (d) Two
40. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are
the same as 1: 2: 1. It represents in case of
(a) Co-Dominance
(b) Dihybrid Cross
(c) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance
(d) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
41. A normal vision man whose father was colour blind, marries a woman whose father was also
colour blind. They have their first child a daughter. Chances that this child be colour blind?
(a) 100% (b) 0% (c) 25% (d) 50%
42. A test cross is carried out to
(a) determine the genotype of a plant at F1
(b) Predict whether two traits are linked
(c) assess the number of alleles of a gene
(d) determine whether two species or varieties will breed successfully
43. The frequency of recombination between gene present on the same chrome as a measure of
the distance between genes was explained by
(a) Sutton Bovary
(b) T.H. Morgan
(c) Gregor John Mendel
(d) Alfred Sturtevant
44. Which of the following is non – heritable?
(a) Point mutation
(b) Chromosomal mutation
(c) Gene mutation
(d) Somatic mutation
45. Dihybrid cross proves the law of
(a) segregation
(b) Purity of gametes
(c) Dominance
(d) Independent assortment
46. How many types and in what ratio the gametes are produced by a dihybrid heterozygous?
(a) 4 types in the ratio of 9:3:3:1
(b) 2 types in the ratio of 3:1
(c) 3 types in the ratio of 1:2:1
(d) 4 types in the ratio of 1:1:1:1
47. In a cross between a pure tall plant with a green pod and a pure short plant with a yellow
pod. How many short plants are produced in F2 generation out of 16?
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 9
48. In a dihybrid cross between AABB and aabb the ratio of AABB, AABb, aaBb, aabb in F2
generation is
(a) 9 : 3 : 3: 1
(b) 1: 1: 1: 1
(c) 1: 2: 2: 1
(d) 1 : 1 : 2 : 2
49. The allele which is unable to express its effect in the presence of another is called
(a) Co-dominant
(b) Supplementary
(c) Complementary
(d) Recessive
50. A normal woman, whose father was colour blind is married to a normal man. The sons would
be
(a) 75% Colour blind
(b) 50% colour blind
(c) all normal
(d) all colour blind