COP Present simple: form Present simple: meaning akes\=) al mel pata Explanations The present simple is tormed with the bare infinitive form of the verb, We add s in the third person singular be sheyit Tike You tthe HeyShe/it kes We tike They tke Some verbs are irregular: have, be Thave You have HeShiehas We have They have Tum Youre HieiSheis Weare They ave ‘a. Spelling problems Verbs ending in o, s, ft, sh, x add -es for the thied person singular watches He wishes He relaxes He goes She misses Si = Questions ns are formed with do and the bare infinitive form of the verb, The third person singular uses does Do you tike Italian food? Does she Hike Taftan food? ce, what, why, Yes/No questi We also use dovidoes when we form questions with iow ete What do you want? Where does she live? am Negatives Negatives are formed swith « fo not and the bare infinitive form of the verb. ‘The third person singular uses does nat. J do not like tat She docs not like that In speech and informal writing, do nat becomes don't, and daes not becomes foes’ Fdlon’t tike thot She doesn’t like that We use the present simple to describe Habitual actions, get up at 7.30, Actions and situations that are nerally or usually true Liz plays in the school basketball We like ice-cream Facts which are The vays true, unt riges iar dhe east he present simple also has some future meaningsINTERMEDIATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE Present simple: pronunciation Present continuous: form Present continuous: meaning The present continuaus also has some Verbs which end in fz, idz/, fst, fshf, fish) and /ks/ make an extra syllable in the third person, pronounced ra! Alter fff, #k/, fpf, fe, third person sound is jsf. hits thn Other third person fs! are pronounced as Jai. sees /si| Does is normally pronounced fdvz a The present continuous is formed with the auxiliary verb be and form of the main verb, Jam relaxing. You are relaxing, He/She is relaxing. We are relaxing, They are relaxing the -ing a ing problems Verbs ending -e drop the -e when they add -ing like liking decide deciding write writing Verbs with one syllable, ending in one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant when they add -ing. Sif sitting swim swimming — dig. digging Verbs ending -ie change -ie to -y lie lying tie tying die dying = Contractions In speech and informal writing, the verb be Is contracted: Fim veriting You're writin He's/She’s writing. We're writing They're writing = Questions Yes/No questions are formed by inverting the subject and the auxiliary be Am I writing? Are you writing? Is he/she writing? Are we writing? Are they writing?” Wi questions follow the same pattern. What are you writing? Why are we writing? fm Negatives Negatives are f ne I'm not writing He's not writing, They're not writing. led with the verb be + not, This is contracted in speech and informal wri We use the present continuous to describe Actions in progress at the present moment Sorry, F can't speak to you, I'm washing miy hair, Actions happening ‘around now’, even though not at the moment of speaking, I'm reading The Lord of 0 Rings suture meanings.GRAMMAR 2 PRESENT TIME 1 1 Underline the correct phrase in each sentence. turdays? a) What time go youw/do you go to bed on by Why are you waitiny/do you waiting outside the door? ©) Don't ask Tim, He doesn’ know/not knows the answer. Gh) I having/’m having my lunch at the moment. e) When y feave the house in the morning? 1) [don’t understand. What is happening/is happen? ag) Excuse me, does you know/ido you know the time? hy This is a great party. J’m having/Am I having a lovely time 2 ead the answers and then complete the questions. a) Where ..daee. Sue. live?. Sue? She lives at the end of Axwell Rowd b) Do Jim? No, I don’t know him ©) What A a) Are e moment? I'm doing my homework. Here? No, I'm sitting over there ©) Do Here? No, we change trains at the next station 5 Why I'm wearing two pullovers because ! feel cold! 3 Rewrite each sentence so that the ver in italics isa negative contraction. 3) Naomm and Bill are watching television, Naomi and Bill aren't watching tele ison, bb) Peter likes chocolate cake. ) or using this pencil at the moment. a) The children are having lunch in the kitchen ©) I set up early on Saturday. B Flena is writing a noveINTERMEDIATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE 6 Compiete each sentence with a present simple or present continuous form, using the words in bold a. Do, you. like you like b) What ime the sun rise What you read d) Sorry, Lean't talk Thave 8) We not watch videos 1) Look out of the window! it snow 8) This is an examination! Why you talk hy Ann go i) Pat has got an interesting hobby: she build Choose the correct spelling from each pair of words 2) Gaping b) dighngagging €) deiding/decdeing 1) havingihaveing 4) Ivinglieing veo i) waitingiwaitting, x) washeingywashing niding/rideing im) flyeing/lying nj studing/studying ©} goingfgocing cheese sandwiches? at the moment? a bath, at school to school by bus every day, a unifurm at your school? a boat gz F AKrr 3 Present simple: frequency adverbs State verbs and action verbs Present timed Explanations wm Frequency adver sare often used with the present sit ple. They explain often someone does an action, or something happens, always Viddd —— Labways get up at 7.00. often We Pat often goes to football matches seswally We MH usually rains when I so on holidoy! sametimes 0 We sometimes eat pizza for lunch rarely v Jane rarely listens to jazz. never = My Bus never arrives on time m= Note in the above examples that the frequency adverb comes before the verb, With the verb be the adverb comes after. Jim is usually fate wm Other frequency adverbs are: fi (0), selilom (2), hardly ever wnentiy (STS), normally WV), occasionally m= A state is when something stays the same, An action is when something. happens. State verbs are not usually used in any continuous form T know what you mean, (NOT betaine ee sire rei. Examples of state verbs are, senses: appear, hear, Fo0K like, see, tast = feeling: like, hate, Love, prefer, want, wish fm thinking: agree, believe, forget, know, think, understand m possession: belong to, contain, have, own = being be, exist @ other ‘st, depend an, mean, need Some of the verbs in the previous list can have a ‘state’ meaning and an ‘action’ meaning, Examples ineludy be, June, taste, think, Thave two sister (permanent state Tm having problems with this computer (temporary ac Sometimes state verbs can describe temporary feelings, How are you getting on at your new schol? TL hratesT'm huating it!INTERMEDIATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE Present simple or continuous? Present continuous: future meanings Other problems Compare: Present simple Present continuous permane temporary habits and routines in progress now facts that are always true events happening at the moment general situations 2 particular situation I live in Budapest. (all the time} I’m living in Budapest. (for a few months} This plane lands in Frankfurt, (routine) We're landing fin progress now) © The present continuous can be used to describe a fixed foture arrangement, There is usually a future time expression Paul is leaving early tomorrow morning. My parents are buying me a mountain bike for my birthday. This usage Is common when we describe social arrangements. Are you doing anything on Saturday? We're going skating. a feel ‘There is almost no difference of meaning between the simple and continuous, 1 feet awful! I'm feeling afl! How do you feel now? How are you feeling now? = Present continuous or present perfect continuous? Sue is staying with Jill in progress now, and will continue) Sue has been staying with Jill since March. Lin progress up to now, and may or may not continue) Present continuous wi We can use always with the present continuous when we are exaggerating or complaining. We emphasize always in speech in this case, You're always forgetting your keys! always Present simple in narratives In speech we can use the present simple to make a story or joke appear more immediate and interesting, even though the events were in the past. This is also used in written summaries such as plots of television series A man walks into a bar and asks far a glass of water. The barman says The story so far: Michael meets Susan in the library and tells her about the missing earringsGRAMMAR 3 PRESENT TIME 2 Underline the correct sentence for each situation. 2) You want to invite a friend to your party on Friday. You say | Thave a party an Friday. Do you want to come? 2 I'm having a party on Friday, Do you want to come? b) You find a wallet on your desk and ask the people nearby 1 Who does this wallet belong to? 2 Who is this wallet belonging to? A friend invites you to a snack bar at uneh time. You say 1 Thanks, but | always go home 2. Thanks, but I'm always going home q A friend opens the door and says: What are you doing? You reply 1 T work as a secretary. 2 I'm repairing the computer. ©) You haven't decided yet about buying a new bike. You say 1 T think about it 2. I'm thinking about it fA friend asks: Do you like lemon tea? You reply 1 I prefer tea with milk. 2 I'm preferring tea with nuilk, 4g) A friend asks you if you have finished the book she lent you. You say’ 1 Sorry, I still read it, 2 Sorry, I'm still reading it. bh) I's a hot day, but a friend has @ heavy coat on. You ask: 1 Why de 2. Why are you wearing a heavy coat? you wear a h vy coat? Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence, 2) That can’t be right! J dow 177 not believing it! b) Caroline n't swim today. She has/is having a cold. } See you in the morning, I ) What ¢} Stop doing that, Rill! You're/You're being very silly sit in the back with Martin evening? I'm really hungry hh) You're a great cook! This cake tastes/is tasting wonderful, i) Where do y }) Chemistry is save/l'm leaving now. If you drop it, it will explode! £) I drive/t'm driving! You 8) What do we eat/are we eating so/are you going? | haven't finished speaking to you! cd. con iderstandl/l'm not underst ding itINTERMEDIATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE la Put each verb in brackets into the present simple or present continuous. a) Ugh, don’t show me that picture! I (hate) .... A428, by Who tyou, go) to the match on Saturday with? ©) In the winter, what (you, wear) ? 6) cant stand horror films. 1 (ink) they're silly! ¢) Diana (not, usually, st) next to Ellen 1) Why (you, took at me like that? 4) Excuse me. (this bus, stop) outside the station? 1) 1 (not take) the bus to school today Match each sentence (ach) with a suitable response (1-8) a) What do you usually do on your bitthday? ..1 b) Would you like to meet again on Saturday? ©) What do you usually da when there isan earthquake? 4) Have you finished your homework? e) What are you doing? 1) What are you doing on Friday? 4) Are you in the scioo! basketball team? hy What do you do? 1b Thave a party 2 Lie under the table 5. I work in a travel agency” 4Yes, we play every Friday 5m still doing it 6 Ws hot in here. oy opening some windows, 8 I'm having a party Put each verb in brackets Into the present simple or present continuous 2) What osuall, you, doy a. yeu usually. lo, at the weekend? b) Don't worry about the cat It only ea once a day {What's the matte:? Why (you, stare) at me lke that? © (you, speak) English? 'm looking for a hotel 1) Elena (tay) with me while her house is being decorated 4) You should go on a diet. (you, put on weight Wy) tthey, speak) French of German? I can’t tll the Aiference