Addition of two positive integers:
1. Counter Method:
Positive integers are a set of numbers that are greater than zero. Here are a few examples of
positive numbers:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Using counters to add two positive integers.
For example,
3+4=7
PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
a. 11 + 5 = ……..
b. 8 + 9 = …….
c. 1 + 10 = ……
d. 15 + 8 = ……
e. 3 + 9 = ……..
ANSWERS:
We will use counters to find the sum.
a. 11 + 5 = 16
PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
Drop the problem to match the counters.
ANSWER:
8 + 7 = 15
10 + 4 = 14
2. NUMBER LINE:
Number line provides a visual representation of numbers of a straight
line.
To add a positive integer, move to the left of number line.
For example:
3+5= 8
We can find the sum of above problem using number line
3 + 5 = 8
PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
Model each problem and solve;
a. 4 + 5 =
b. 7 + 2 =
c. 6 + 4 =
ANSWERS:
4 + 5 = 9
7 + 2 = 9
3. ADDITION OF A POSITIVE AND A NEGITIVE INTEGER:
1. COUNTER METHOD
For example;
Practice Questions;
Use the models below to write an equation and solve.
ANSWERS:
-6 + 5 = -1
6–5=1
-7 + 5 = -2
NUMBER LINE:
To add a positive integer, move to the right on the number line.
To add a negative integer, move to the left on the number line.
For example,
-3 + 4 =
-3 + 4 = 1
PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
a. 2 + (-5) =
b. -7 + 11 =
c. Write an equation for the given model,
d. Write an equation for the given model,
ANSWERS;
a. 2 + (-5) = -3
b. -7 + 11 = 4
c. Write an equation for the given model,
8–5=3
d. Write an equation for the given model,
4–4=0
ADDITION OF NEGATIVE INTEGERS:
1. Counter Method
For Example,
-6 + (-4) = -10
PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
a. Write an equation using the models given and solve.
b. Use the counters to find the sum.
i. -2 + (-5) =
ii. -8 + (-4) =
ANSWERS:
-6 + (-3)= 9
-5 +( -12) = -17
c. Use the counters to find the sum.
i. -2 + (-5) =
ii. -8 + (-4) =
NUMBER LINE;
To add a negative integer, move to the left on the number line.
For example,
-2 + ( -5) = - 7
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
a. -4 + (-5) =
b. -1 + (-9) =
c. Write an equation for the model below and solve,
d. Write an equation for the model below and solve,
ANSWERS;
-9
-10
j. Write an equation for the model below and solve
-4 + (-4) = -8
k. Write an equation for the model below and solve
-2 + (-8) = -10
SUBTRACTING NEGATIVE INTEGERS
Subtracting a negative integers is equivalent to adding .
When subtracting a negative integer, (i.e. when having a
negative sign inside and outside of the bracket) then, we use
two-mark method which stats that,
First mark change subtraction to addition
Second mark changes the sign of negative integer to positive.
For Example,
3 - (-3) = 3 + (-3) 3 + (+3) 3+3=6
BUT THE RULE IS NOT VALID WHEN DEALING WITH A POSITIVE SIGN
EITHER INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE BRACKET.
3 + (-3) = 3 - (-3) 3 – (+3) = 0
PRACTICE QUESTIONS;
a. 4 - ( - 5) =
b. 8 - (- 8) =
ANSWERS
a. 4 - ( - 5) = 4 + ( 5 )= 9
b. 8 - (- 8) = 8 +( 8) =16
IN A NUTSHELL
WORKSHEET
1. Use the models below to write an equation and solve.
Solve the table
Equation Solved with counters Solved with number line Answer
2+3= 5
5 + ( -2) = 3
-7 +( -3) = -10
-1 – (-5)
4
1. What is the value of the expression shown?
A. 2
B. -2
C. 6
D. -6
2. What is the value of the expression shown?
A. 9
B. -9
C. 3
D. -3
3. What is the value of the expression shown?
A. 8
B. -6
C. -8
D. 6
4. What is the value of the expression shown?
A. -2
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
5. What is the value of the expression shown?
A. -4
B. 4
C. 8
D. 0
6. Choose the correct options,
1)
a. 0 + (-5) = -5
b. -2 + (-3) = -5
c. 0 + (5) = 5
d. -1 + (-4) = -5
2)
a. -2 + 3 = 1
b. 5 – 3 = 2
c. 3 – 5 = -2
d. -5 + 2 = -3
3)
a. -3 + (-8) = -11
b. -3 + ( -5) = -8
c. 8 +( -5) = -3
d. 11 + ( -3) =8
