Week 10 (Information Age) the idea of an “Intergalactic Network” of computers.

Shortly thereafter, computer scientists developed the

The Gutenberg Press concept of “packet switching,” a method for
- Johannes Gutenberg a German goldsmith invented effectively transmitting electronic data that would
printing press around 1440. This invention was a later become one of the major building blocks of the
result of finding a way to improve the manual, internet.
tedious and slow printing methods. The
beginnings of mass communication can be traced Advanced Research Projects Agency
back to the invention of the printing press. The Network – ARPANET
development of a fast and easy way of
disseminating information in print permanently The first workable prototype of the Internet
reformed the structure of society. It also made the used packet switching to allow multiple
mass production of books possible which made computers to communicate on a single
books accessible not only to the upper class. network.

Punched card tabulating machine World Wide Web

-Herman Hollerith designs a punch card system to
calculate the 1880 census, accomplishing the task Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, invented the
in just three years. He establishes a company that World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989, while working
would ultimately become International Business at CERN. The Web was originally conceived and
Machine. developed to meet the demand for automated
information-sharing between scientists in
Turing Machine universities and institutes around the world.
-During 1936, Alan Turing presents the notion
of a universal machine, later called the Turing Social Media Platforms
machine, capable of computing anything that
is computable. The central concept of the From 1973 onward, social media platforms were
modern computer was based on his ideas. introduces from variations of multi-user chat
rooms; instant-messaging applications like AOL,
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator Yahoo MSN and Windows Messenger;
(ENIAC) bulletin-board forum system, game-based social
-Started in 1943, the ENIAC computing system was networking sites like Facebook, Friendster,
built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the MySpace; business-oriented social networking
Moore School of Electrical Engineering of the websites (Xing); messaging, video and voice
University of Pennsylvania. Because of its electronic, calling services like Viber and Skype; discovery
as opposed to electromechanical, technology, it is over and dating-oriented websites like Tinder; YouTube
1,000 times faster than any previous computer. as video sharing service; livestreaming;
ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for photo-video sharing websites (Instagram, Snapchat
programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, and Pinterest); and also a question-and-answer
used about 18,000 vacuum tubes, and weighed 30 platforms like Quora.
tons. It was believed that ENIAC had done more
calculation over the ten years it was in operation than The following are the advantage of Information
all of humanity had until that time Technology:

Apple I Globalization – it has brought the world closer together, led

In 1976, Steve Wozniak co-founder of Apple to sharing information more quickly and efficiently and
Inc. developed the computer that made him enabled
famous. He designed the operating system, countries to share ideas and information with each other.
hardware and circuit board of the computer all
by himself Communication – it has made communication cheaper,
quicker, and more efficient. The use of the internet opened
Apple Inc. face-to-face communication from different parts off the world.

Steve Jobs, Wozniak’s friend suggested to Cost effectiveness- it has led to computerization of business
sell the Apple I as a fully assembled printed processes and increased productivity that gave more profits,
circuit board this event started their careers better pay and working conditions.
as founders of Apple Inc.
Creation of new jobs – it has led to the opening up of
Internet opportunity for computer programmers, system analysts,
hardware
During the 1960’s, MIT J.C.R Licklider popularized and software developers and web designers.
 particular trait.
Information technology has changed the world around us.
Communication is done much faster and global trade is Understanding Gene Therapy
becoming
a simplified process. Although the benefits of information The expression of genetic conditions is not
technology make it seem ideal, there are also some always as simply as the amount of DNA present,
disadvantages or the inheritance patterns of a single gene
of information tech that are listed below. disorder. There are many factors that determine
how ones phenotype (physical manifestations)
Loss of communication skills – it has led to poor among these are penetrance, expressivity,
communications skills and engaging in social activities mosaicism, and x-inaction.
because most of us
prefer to stay in a room using gadgets rather than going and HEREDITY
taking part of social activities to socialize.
The passing on of traits from parents to
Over-Dependence on Information Technology - A lot of their offspring either through asexual or
people believe that because computers and the Internet sexual reproduction. The offspring cells
have or organisms acquire the genetic
become such a regular part of modern life, some people information of their parents through
particularly children who grow up with it, will not be able to heredity variations between individuals
function without it. can accumulate and cause species to
evoke by natural section.
Security - Banking security has improved significantly,
however, so has hacking expertise. If your information is COMMON GENETIC DISORDER
connected
to the internet, there is always the possibility it may get Each of our gene codes contains unique protein
hacked. and each protein has a separate and distinct
function to perform in the cell.
Week 11 (Gene Theraphy)
COMMON GENETIC DISORDER
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Down syndrome
Gene therapy involves altering the genes inside
your body’s cells in an effort to treat or stop the Fragile syndrome
disease.
Klinefelter syndrome
What are vaccines?
Triple-x syndrome
Vaccines are injections (shots), liquids, pills, or nasal
sprays that you take to teach your body's immune Turner syndrome
system to recognize and defend against harmful germs.
For example, there are vaccines to protect against Diabetes
diseases caused by:
Trisomy
Viruses, like the ones that cause the flu and COVID-19
Alzheimer's diseases
Bacteria, including tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis
Arthritis
GENE THERAPHY
Autism
Genetic risks to health come from a variety of
sources and predicting those risk can be much cancer
more completed than simply assessing disease
inheritance patterns. EFFECTS OF GENES IN OUR ENVIRONMENT

GENE THERAPHY Genes are inherited, by their expression can be

modified by interactions with the environment.
The gene therapy has become a commonly used Genetic traits are determined largely through the
term in biomedical research. This process involves precise information found in the cells gene structure.
the splicing of functional genes into cells that A variety of factors in the environment can actually
contain defective, non-functional genes for a alter the effect of a particular gene.
 Week 13 (Nanotechnology)
EFFECTS OF GENES IN OUR ENVIRONMENT
What is Nano?
Effects most plants have the genetic ability to
produce chlorophyll, they will do this only in the Term “nano” refers to a unit meaning one billionth or ten
presence of light. Without light, these plants raised to negative nine. For example a
produce only a light yellow pigment and therefore nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Hence, “nano”
appear pale and sickly until they are exposed to expresses a very tiny amount or size.
sunlight.
What is Nanotechnology?
Effect of temperature on their colour in the
Himalayan hare in their native arctic environment, This deals with science, technology and engineering
Himalayan hares have white body hair with black accompanied at the nanoscale which is about 1 to 100
hair on their extremities. nanometer.
Nanotechnology is the field of science and engineering that
GENE MUTATIONS deals with the design, creation, manipulation, and
application of materials, devices, and systems at the
Genes are segments of DNA molecules. Any nanoscale, which is roughly between 1 and 100 nanometers.
alteration of the DNA sequence is a mutation. It
Usually, an individual cells altered gene will be involves understanding and controlling matter at this scale,
passed on to every cell that develops from it. where unique phenomena and properties emerge that are
not seen in bulk materials or single atoms.
Genes mutations are passed to every cell that arises
from the mutated. If the mutation occurs in somatic In essence, nanotechnology is about:
body tissues, its defect is limited to the tissues
immediately surrounding the mutated cell. Understanding and controlling matter at the atomic and
molecular level
Week 12 (Biodiversity and Health Society)
Creating new materials and devices with enhanced
Biodiversity is essential for the processes that support all properties
life on Earth, including humans. Without a wide range of
animals, plants and micro organisms, we cannot have the Developing innovative solutions for various challenges in
healthy ecosystem that we rely on to provide us with the different fields.
air we breathe and the food we eat. And people also value
nature of itself. Examples of Nanoparticles in Everyday Life:

The 17 megadiverse countries, identified by the United Consumer Products:

Nations World
Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC), are Australia, Sunscreens: Nanoparticles, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2)
Brazil, China, and zinc oxide (ZnO), provide UV protection and are
Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ecuador, transparent at the nanoscale, unlike larger particles.
India, Indonesia,
Madagascar, Malaysia, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Stain-resistant fabrics: Nanoparticles can create a
Philippines, water-repellent barrier on fabric, preventing stains and
South Africa, United States, and Venezuela making them
easier to clean.
Common Diseases
Scratch-resistant coatings: Antimony-tin oxide nanoparticles
Malaria can be used to create transparent coatings on lenses and
screens, offering protection from scratches and UV radiation.
Dengue fever
Self-cleaning surfaces: Nanoparticles can be incorporated
Ebola virus into materials to make them self-cleaning, utilizing
photocatalytic properties to break down pollutants with
Cholera sunlight.

Red tide Industrial Applications:

Sar – cov – 2 virus and Covid 19 Pandemic Catalysis: Nanoparticles are used in catalytic converters in
vehicles and in petroleum refining to enhance chemical
reactions
and reduce pollution.
Materials in nano-size show in common physical and
Electronics: Nanomaterials, like fullerenes and nanotubes, chemical properties caused by several factors
are used in various electronic devices and components. including the increase in its particular surface area. Based on
the latest researches, nanotechnology helps
Sports equipment: Nanoparticles are used in tennis rackets, enhance quality by following:
golf clubs, and other sports equipment to make them lighter
and stronger. Application of Nanotechnology

Vehicle manufacturing: Nanoparticles can be incorporated 1. Biomaterials –these nano biomaterials are being used in
into paints, coatings, and tire materials to improve durability, healthcare, such as imaging tools as
reduce weight, and enhance performance. bioengineering to detect diseases, monitoring, prevention,
treatment of several diseases, for instance:
Medical applications: Nanoparticles are used in drug delivery cancer; cardiovascular disorder; diabetes; inflammatory
systems, imaging agents, and biosensors. conditions; and some infectious diseases.

Food industry: Nanoparticles are used in food packaging to 2. Ceramics – an example of these is nano ceramics paint
improve shelf life, and in some food supplements. coating. This is being used as a car paint coating
to provide strong protection and shield that keeps the paint
Nanotechnology in Food: of the car to look shiny and brand new.

Food Processing: 3. Metals – a good examples of there are tennis and

badminton rackets. It increases the strength of the
Nanomaterials can be used as additives, preservatives, and metal 200x by rolling up the sheets of carbon atoms.
carriers for food supplements, improving taste, texture,
and shelf life. Scientist have been working on another super strong version
of carbon atoms called carbon nanotubes,
Food Packaging: which consists of sheets of carbon atoms rolled into tiny
cylinders. The figure below single-walled carbon
Nanotechnology can create better packaging materials with nanotubes SWCNT and multi-walled carbon nanotubes
improved mechanical strength, barrier properties, and MWCNT
antimicrobial films.
The arrangement of structure of materials at the nanoscale
Pathogen Detection: can change its strength. For instance, a pencil
contains a graphite, which is made of carbon atoms that are
Nanosensors can be used to detect pathogens in food arranged in sheets. This can easily slide
processing or in food itself. around when writing because graphite sheets can easily rub
off onto paper. Another example, in
Nanotechnology in Medicine: diamonds, carbon atoms are tightly packed together, making
it so hard that they can cut steel.
Drug Delivery:
2. Self cleaning window – these self cleaning windows break
Nanoparticles can be used to improve the delivery of drugs down the dirt and stain repellent fibers that
to specific locations in the body, increasing can be washed away by rain. This has been possible
bioavailability and effectiveness. through the use of nanomaterial of unique chemical
properties.
Diagnostic Tools:
Nanotechnology in the Philippines
Nanotechnology can be used to develop novel diagnostic
tools and imaging techniques. nanotechnology is here in the Philippines today, there are
lots of promises that need to be fulfilled or be
Other Medical Applications: discovered:

Nanotechnology is also used in areas like biomedical 1. Health and Medicine

implants, tissue engineering, and pharmaceutical products.
2. Environment
Nanomanufacturing or Nanotechnology Products
3.Agriculture
1. One of the examples of nanotechnology product that was
used during the pre-modern era was 4. Consumer Electronics
Medieval stained glass windows
Current status of nanotechnology We are accustomed to a normal range of conditions and may
be sensitive to extremes that fall outside of
Nanotechnology in the Philippines is actively being this range. Climate change could affect our society through
developed and utilized, with research focusing on impacts on a number of different social,
various sectors including energy, agriculture, and cultural, and natural resources. For example, climate change
environment. The country acknowledges the potential could affect human health, infrastructure,
of nanotechnology and has a technology roadmap in place, and transportation systems, as well as energy, food, and
though the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted water supplies.
its implementation. Research efforts are also directed
towards localizing ingredients and utilizing natural Climate Change Impacts in the Philippines
materials for various applications.
According to the 2017 world risk report, the Philippines is the
Overall, the Philippines is actively exploring and developing third most vulnerable country to climate change.
nanotechnology, with a focus on Climate change has a wide range of consequences in the
localization, research, and addressing potential challenges to Philippines, including annual GDP losses, changes in
ensure its effective adoption and impact on rainfall patterns and distribution, droughts, threats to
various sectors. biodiversity and food security, sea-level rise, public health
risks, and endangering vulnerable groups like women and
indigenous people
Week 14 (Climate Change)
Major Rainfall Changes in Patterns and Distributions
Causes of Climate Change
In most parts of the country, except Luzon, a 2011 PAGASA
The causes of climate change could be natural or by human
report predicts a drop in rainfall by 2020. In terms of
activities
extreme rainfall, however, by the years 2020 and 2050, the
frequency of days with high rainfall (e.g., greater than
1. Natural Causes
200 mm) is predicted to rise as a result of global warming.
Volcanic Eruptions
Threats to Natural Ecosystems
One of the natural drivers of climate change is volcanic
In the Philippines, around 1 million hectares of grasslands
eruptions. Volcanoes release a variety of natural
are extremely vulnerable to climate change in the
aerosols, including carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, salt
future. The majority of grasslands in the uplands are prone to
crystals, volcanic ash or dust, and even microbes
flames, especially during prolonged periods of
such as bacteria and viruses, when they erupt. Because the
dryness and lack of rainfall throughout the summer.
generated aerosol can block a certain amount
of solar radiation, the volcanic eruption can cool the
Coral Loss
lithosphere. This cooling impact can continue
anywhere from a year to two years.
According to the 2016 Low Carbon Monitor Report, 98
percent of Southeast Asian coral reefs will die by 2050,
2. Human Activities
putting the region on the verge of extinction by the end of the
century if present global warming trends continue.
Climate change is caused by human actions. The burning of
According to the IPCC, the maximum fish capture potential
fossil fuels, which emits carbon dioxide gas
of Philippine seas will drop by up to 50% between
into the atmosphere, is the largest known contributor.
2051 and 2060 compared to the 2001-2010 levels
Greenhouse gases and aerosols impact the Earth's
energy balance by modifying incoming solar radiation and
Declining Rice Yields
outgoing infrared (thermal) radiation.
Changing the abundance or qualities of various gases and
Grain output declined by at least 10% for every 1°C increase
particles in the atmosphere can cause the
in growing-season minimum temperature in the dry season,
climate system to warm or cool.
according to an analysis of temperature trends and irrigated
field tests conducted by the International Rice Research
Effects of Climate Change on Society
Institute.
Climate change may have serious consequences for all life
More Intense Droughts
forms on our planet. It has a direct impact on
basic aspects of people's lives like water, food, health, land
El Nino, the most recent of which occurred in the country
use, and the environment.
from 2015 to 2016, is exacerbated by global warming. During
the
As a society, we have structured our day-to-day lives around
latest El Nino period, 413,456 farmers were directly affected
historical and current climate conditions.
by El Nino-related drought and dry periods, according to the
Department of Agriculture. Week 15 (Energy Crisis)
Higher Sea Level Rise VARIOUS REASON OF ENERGY CRISIS

The Philippines has the highest observed sea-level rise, at • Over consumption
60 centimeters, more than three times the global average of
19 The energy problem is caused by a variety of stresses on
cm. This puts 60 percent of LGUs in jeopardy, affecting 64 our natural resources, not just one. Overconsumption of
coastal provinces, 822 coastal municipalities, 25 major fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal puts
coastal a pressure on our water and oxygen supplies, resulting in
cities, and an estimated 13.6 million Filipinos who will be pollution.
forced to relocate.
• Over population
Water Scarcity
A constant growth in the world's population, as well as its
Water scarcity is a global problem caused by climate needs for fuel and goods, has contributed to the issue. No
change, fast urbanization, and population expansion. matter what kind of food or items
According to a you consume – from fair trade and organic to those
study undertaken by the World Resources Institute, the manufactured in a sweatshop with petroleum materials -
Philippines would face a "high" level of water scarcity by none of them are made or delivered
2040. Out without putting a substantial strain on our energy resources.
of 167 countries, the country was ranked 57th most likely to
be water strained in 2040. Agriculture, a major component of • Poor Infrastructure
the country's economy and which today employs x percent of
the workforce, will bear the burden of water shortages by Another cause of energy scarcity is the aging infrastructure
that of power generation equipment. The majority of
year. energy-producing companies continue to
use obsolete equipment, which limits energy production. It is
Labor Productivity Declined the obligation of utilities to maintain and upgrade
infrastructure while maintaining a high
Climate change-induced heat in the workplace is expected to level of performance.
result in a 1% reduction in working hours by 2025, a 2%
reduction by 2050, and a 4% reduction by 2085, according to • Unexplored renewable resources
a 2016 United Nations report.
In most nations, renewable energy is currently underutilized.
More Public Health Emergencies The majority of the energy is derived from nonrenewable
sources such as coal. As a
Increased temperatures also lead to an increase in diseases result, it remains the best option for generating energy.
such as dengue fever, malaria, cholera, and
typhoid. Almost 40,000 dengue infections, 1,200 cholera The energy dilemma will not be solved unless we give
cases, and nearly 1,000 typhoid fever cases renewable energy considerable consideration. Renewable
were registered countrywide in 1998 when the Philippines energy sources can help us lessen our
witnessed the biggest El Nino event to date. reliance on fossil fuels while simultaneously lowering our
carbon footprint.
More Women Endangered and Killed
• Delayed in commissioning the power plants
According to a document published by the World Health
Organization (WHO) on gender, climate There is a substantial delay in the commissioning of new
change, and health, natural disasters such as droughts, power plants in a few nations that can cover the gap
floods, and storms harm more women than males, between energy demand
and they affect women at a younger age. Women are and supply. As a result, aging plants are put under a lot of
disproportionately affected by climate-sensitive and strain in order to satisfy the daily demand for electricity.
gender-specific health consequences. Load-shedding and
breakdown occur when supply does not match demand.
Climate change is a global issue that we must address.
Climate change is defined as statistically • Wastage of energy
significant climate variability that persists over time.
Continuous climate change has the potential to have People in most regions of the globe are unaware of the
devastating consequences for both living and non-living necessity of energy conservation. Books, the internet,
organisms on Earth. newspaper advertisements,
lipservice, and seminars are the sole sources of information. As the use of fossil fuels increases, the cost of these
Things will not change any time soon until we give it serious resources increases too. We must remember that the
consideration. quantity in which these fossil fuels are available is
limited. As we keep on using these resources, the amount of
Simple measures such as turning off fans and lights when these fossil fuels further decreases.
not in use, maximizing daylight, walking instead of driving for
short With every passing day, the demand for these fuels
distances, utilizing CFLs instead of conventional bulbs, and increases daily while their available quantity decreases every
adequate energy leakage insulation may go a long way day. This leads to an immense increase in the
toward reducing price of fossil fuels, causing the price to increase day in and
energy use. day out. This creates a huge economic disturbance across
the globe.
• Poor Distribution system
• Political Disturbances
Poor distribution system causes tripping and breakdown.
The fact that the energy crisis creates some socio-economic
• Major Accidents and Natural Calamities disturbances, also tells us that this global energy crisis also
creates a lot of political disturbances
Major mishaps, such as pipeline bursts, and natural across the globe. The quest for fossil fuels is one of the
disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, floods, and major causes of the same.
earthquakes, may all disrupt energy
supply. The large disparity between supply and demand for Besides, with the failure of the energy markets, we see a
energy has the potential to boost the price of basic products, crash in not only the global economy but also a crash of the
causing energy available. All these are enough to
inflation. give rise to the various socio-political disturbances.

• War •The Effect on the Tourism Industry

Wars between nations can also disrupt energy supplies, The tourism industry is largely dependent on the rise and fall
particularly in Middle Eastern countries such as of fuel prices. The tremendous rise of the fuel prices that
Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, or comes as a result of the energy crisis
Qatar. That's exactly what happened affects the tourism industry pretty adversely.
during the 1990 Gulf War, when oil prices peaked, producing
global shortages and severe issues for With the increase in fuel prices, there is an increase in the
energy users. costs of tourism as well. As a result of this, there are many
who cannot afford the same. And as a
• Other factors result of all this, it is the tourism industry that suffers.

Tax rises, strikes, military coups, political upheavals, and POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL
extreme hot or cold summers or winters can all ENERGY CRISIS
create a spike in energy demand, choking supply. A trade
union strike at an oil-producing company can • Move Towards Renewable Resources
result in an energy crisis.
The best possible solution is to reduce the world’s
VARIOUS EFFECTS OF THE GLOBAL ENERGY CRISIS dependence on non-renewable resources and to improve
overall conservation efforts.
• Environmental Effects Much of the industrial age was created using fossil fuels, but
there is also known technology that uses other types of
Energy is produced by the burning of non-renewable fossil renewable energies
fuels. This does not only affect the global resources of fossil – such as steam, solar, and wind.
fuels, but it also affects the
environment. The burning of fossil fuels releases The major concern isn’t so much that we will run out of gas
greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and others. or oil, but that the use of coal is going to continue to pollute
the atmosphere
These gases create a blanket on the earth’s surface, which and destroy other natural resources in the process of mining
prevents the release of the short rays of the sun by night. the coal that it has to be replaced as an energy source.
Thus, the energy crisis facilitates making the
earth a warmer place by promoting global warming. This isn’t easy as many of the leading industries use coal,
not gas or oil, as their primary source of power for
• Increasing Prices of the Fuel Resources manufacturing.
• Buy Energy-Efficient Products developed and developing countries must focus on
emissions cuts to halve their emissions from current levels
Replace traditional bulbs with CFLs and LEDs. They use by 2050.
fewer watts of electricity and last longer. If millions of people
across the globe Week 16 (Energy Awareness)
use LEDs and CFLs for residential and commercial
purposes, the demand for energy can go down, and an Environmental awareness involves understanding the natural
energy crisis can be averted. world and the impact of human actions on
it, ultimately fostering a commitment to protect the planet. It
• Lighting Controls encompasses knowledge of environmental
issues, the interconnectedness of ecosystems, and the
There are a number of new technologies out there that make importance of sustainable practices. This awareness
lighting controls that much more interesting, and they help to is crucial for making informed decisions and advocating for
save a lot of environmental protection.
energy and cash in the long run.
THE SCHOOL AS MEDIUM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
Preset lighting controls, slide lighting, touch dimmers, AWARENESS
integrated lighting controls are few of the lighting controls
that can help to One of the recent additions by the Philippine government is
conserve energy and reduce overall lighting costs. the Republic Act 9512, known as the National
Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008. This
• Easier Grid Access law requires different government agencies in the field of
education to promote environmental awareness in the
People who use different options to generate power must be curriculum. Accordingly, schools must discuss the threats of
given permission to plug into the grid and getting credit for harming and exploiting the environment, the citizens’
the power you feed into it. The responsibility to the environment and the value of
hassles of getting credit for supplying surplus power back conserving,
into the grid should be removed. Apart from that, subsidy on protecting and rehabilitating the natural resources in the
solar panels should be given to context of sustainable development. Schools may also help
encourage more people to explore renewable options. in
spreading environmental awareness by publishing articles on
• Energy Simulation how to preserve the environment and by creating
programs for community sustainability and development.
Energy simulation software can be used by big corporates
and corporations to redesign the building unit and reduce State universities and colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines has
running business energy costs. pioneered different programs and initiatives to comply with
Engineers, architects, and designers could use this design to this law. As an example, The Tarlac Agricultural University
come with most energy-efficient buildings and reduce carbon (TAU), an SUC located in Camiling, Tarlac, has complied
footprint. with
the provisions through several initiatives such as creation of
• Perform Energy Audit a
new course offering (i.e., the course is entitled “Building
The energy audit is a process that helps you to identify the Ecoliteracy in the 21st Century”) solely for the promotion of
areas where your home or office is losing energy and what deeper environmental care and awareness among its
steps you can take to improve students.
energy efficiency. Moreover, they have started and sustain projects such as
tree
Energy audit, when done by a professional, can help you to planting activities, adoption of protected forest areas
reduce your carbon footprint, save energy and money, and specifically the Titi Calao Forest Reserve, and adapting
avoid energy crisis. green
technologies for food and product production. Truly, schools
• Common Stand on Climate Change play a great role in molding students who are not only
technologically inclined but also are environmentally aware
Both developed and developing countries should adopt a and responsible.
common stand on climate change. They should focus on
reducing greenhouse gas emissions NATIONAL INITIATIVES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CARE
through an effective cross border mechanism.
Republic Act 6969 (Toxic Substances, Hazardous and
With current population growth and overconsumption of Nuclear Waste Control Act Of 1990)
resources, the consequences of global warming and climate
change cannot be ruled out. Both
The law aims to prohibit the use and disposal of chemical strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through a
substances that could present unwarranted risk to human multi-sectoral and participatory approach involving
health. It also restricts the processing, manufacture, and all the stakeholders.
even the transit and entry of hazardous and nuclear wastes
as WORLD INITIATIVES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CARE
well as their disposal into the Philippine territorial limits.
World initiatives for environmental care encompass a wide
Republic Act 7942 (Philippine Mining Act Of 1995) range of actions, from government policies and international
agreements to individual lifestyle choices and
This law aims to protect the environment by regulating the corporate responsibility. Key areas include climate change
extraction of mineral resources by mining mitigation, biodiversity conservation, sustainable resource
companies while expanding foreign investments and management, and pollution control, with initiatives
increasing mining output. like the EU Green Deal and the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals setting ambitious targets.
Republic Act 8048 (Coconut Preservation Act Of 1995)
Climate action: Initiatives focused on reducing greenhouse
This law aims to control the cutting of coconut trees and gas emissions, adapting to climate change impacts, and
conduct efficient replanting programs that could strengthening resilience.
provide sustainable growth in the coconut industry as it is
one of the largest contributors of income in the Biodiversity conservation: Efforts to protect and restore
country. ecosystems and biodiversity, including protected areas,
conservation programs, and
Republic Act 8749 (Philippine Clean Air Act Of 1999) sustainable tourism.

This law aims to reduce pollution by incorporating Water stewardship: Initiatives to ensure the sustainable
environmental protection into developmental plans. management and use of water resources, including water
Likewise, it sets emission standards for motor vehicles and conservation, wastewater treatment,
pollutant limitations for different industries. and pollution prevention.
This law encourages self- regulation on the part of
individuals and companies to ensure reduced emission Circular economy: Moving towards a more circular economy
of harmful gases. that reduces waste and promotes resource efficiency
through reuse, repair, and
Republic Act 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act recycling.
Of 2000)
Sustainable sourcing: Ensuring that products and services
The law aims to implement a systematic and are produced in a way that minimizes environmental impact,
environmental-friendly solid waste management program to including responsible forestry
protect the and fair trade practices.
environment and human health. The law ensures proper
segregation, collection, storage, and disposal of solid waste Sustainable lifestyles: Encouraging individuals to adopt more
through the formulation and adaptation of best eco-waste environmentally friendly habits, including reducing
products. consumption, using public
transportation, and conserving resources.
Republic Act 9175 (Chain Saw Act Of 2002)
Renewable energy: Transitioning to renewable energy
This law protects the environment through the conservation sources like solar and wind power to reduce reliance on
and upkeep of the country’s forest resources, through the fossil fuels and mitigate climate
prevention and elimination of illegal logging and other forms change.
of forest destruction carried out through use of a chain
saw. This law also regulates the ownership, possession, Environmental compliance enhancement: Strengthening
sale, transfer, importation and/or use of chain saws to environmental regulations and enforcement to ensure that
prevent businesses and individuals adhere
them from being used in illegal logging or unauthorized to environmental standards.
clearing of forests.
Carbon management: Implementing strategies to reduce,
Republic Act 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act Of 2004) capture, and store carbon emissions, including carbon
capture and storage technologies and
The law aims to protect the country's water bodies from carbon offsetting programs.
pollution stemming from industrial activities,
commercial establishments, and other anthropogenic
activities. It provides comprehensive and integrated
Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders: Businesses are coming
together to lead on climate change, including reducing
greenhouse gas emissions, and
leading the way towards a low- carbon economy, according
to the World Economic Forum.

Climate parks: Developing green spaces that promote

biodiversity, reduce carbon emissions, and improve the
environment.

NEED FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS

“Humanity cannot live without nature, but nature can live

without humanity,” states the mere fact that we
humans destroy our mother nature, our environment. The
responsibility and accountability lie within our
hands; thus, our thoughts and actions mold our future and
the future of the next generations.

Educating people on terms of environmental awareness is

one key point to combat the disastrous wrath of
nature. As we all know, population is growing and the nature
is crying since we are all dependent on it.
By growing population, the pollution is also at boon; water
pollution, air pollution and land pollution, due
to our negligence to the benefits we enjoying from our
mother nature.