PURPOSIVE

COMMUNICATION

Patrick James L. Urcia

Instructor
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COMMUNICATION

TODAY’S AGENDA

Fix Seating Arrangement

Discuss Syllabus/Topics

Explain Classroom Rules

Word of the Day

Play a Game

Processing
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COMMUNICATION

“
The message sent is not
always the message
received”
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COMMUNICATION

WEEK 1:
COMMUNICATION PROCESS AND
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
ETHICS
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COMMUNICATION

Why do people communicate?

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COMMUNICATION

What might happen to the world if

communication does not exist?
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COMMUNICATION

Why do
miscommunication
and misunderstanding
happen?
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COMMUNICATION
WHAT IS
COMMUNICATION?

Man always reaches out to share

his thoughts, experiences, and
feelings with others. They achieve
their goals according to their
ability to communicate effectively.

Communication is the basis of all

socio-economic, political, cultural
activities.

There can be no society without

communication.
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COMMUNICATION
ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION

Sender- the source of information, ideas, feelings or messages.

Receiver- the individual who receives the message from the

sender and reacts to it.

Message- the information, ideas, or feelings the sender wants

to share with the receiver.

Channel- the means or medium through the message is

transmitted.

Feedback- the response of the receiver to the message sent to

him/her.
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COMMUNICATION

MODELS
OF
COMMUNICATION
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COMMUNICATION

MODELS
OF COMMUNICATION

Aristotle’s Model of Communication

Shannon-Weaver Model of
Communication

Osgood-Schramm Model of
Communication

White's Model of Communication

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COMMUNICATION

Aristotle’s Model of
Communication

One of the earliest and simplest communication

models, focusing on the speaker's role in
communication. This model emphasizes the
importance of the speaker's ability to craft a persuasive
message to influence the audience.

Components: Speaker -> Speech -> Audience

Focus: The speaker's message and its persuasive effect

on the audience.

Example: A politician delivering a speech to convince

voters.
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COMMUNICATION

Aristotle’s Model of
Communication
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COMMUNICATION
Shannon-Weaver
Model of
Communication

This model introduces the concept of noise and focuses

on the technical aspects of communication.

Example: A phone call where static noise interferes with

the clarity of the conversation.
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COMMUNICATION
Shannon-Weaver
Model of
Communication
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COMMUNICATION

Osgood-Schramm
Model
Osgood and Schramm's Model introduces the concept
of a circular communication process, emphasizing that
communication is a two-way, reciprocal process. Both
participants act as sender and receiver.

Components:
Encoder/Interpreter/Decoder (Circular Process): Both
participants encode, interpret, and decode messages.
Message: The information being communicated.
Feedback: The response from the receiver that
becomes part of the communication process.

Example: A face-to-face conversation where both

people actively listen and respond to each other.
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COMMUNICATION

Osgood-Schramm
Model
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COMMUNICATION

White’s Model
This model highlights that communication is an
ongoing, dynamic process rather than a one-time
event. The stages are interconnected, and the process
can start again at any point, emphasizing the
continuous nature of effective communication.

Example: An email exchange where the recipient replies

with questions or comments, and the initiator continues
the conversation.
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COMMUNICATION

White’s Model
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COMMUNICATION
WHY ARE THESE
MODELS IMPORTANT?

Understanding these models helps

us appreciate the complexity of
communication and the various
factors that influence how
messages are transmitted and
received.

Each model offers unique insights

into different aspects of
communication, from the role of
the speaker to the importance of
feedback and the impact of noise.
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COMMUNICATION

NATURE
OF COMMUNICATION

Communication is an interaction situation

wherein the participants are affected by each
one’s behavior.

One does communicate.

The message received is not necessarily the

message sent.

Communication occurs simultaneously at more

than one level.
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COMMUNICATION

PRINCIPLES
OF COMMUNICATION

Interpersonal communication is inescapable

Interpersonal communication is irreversible

Interpersonal communication is complicated

Theorists note that whenever we communicate there are at least six people
involved:
a. Who you think you are
b. Who you think the other person is
c. Who you think the other person thinks you are
d. Who the other person thinks he/she is
e. Who the other person thinks you are
f. Who the other person things you think he/she is
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COMMUNICATION

PRINCIPLES
OF COMMUNICATION

Interpersonal communication is contextual

a. Psychological context
b. Relational context
c. Situational context
d. Environmental context
e. Cultural context
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COMMUNICATION
WHAT IS COMMUNICATION
BARRIER?

Communication barriers are any factors that prevent us

from effectively exchanging and understanding messages.
They can be physical, cultural, linguistic, or emotional, and
can occur within or between individuals, groups, or
organizations.
 Language
Barrier
Language barrier in communication is
a difficulty or obstacle that arises
when people who speak different
languages attempt to interact. This
can prevent people from
understanding each other and lead to
misunderstandings, frustration, and
even conflict.
The language barrier can be caused
by a lack of knowledge of the other
person’s language, or a lack of
proficiency in both languages.
 Physical
Barrier
Physical environmental barriers refer
to any physical limitation that can
interfere with the communication
process. Examples include noise, poor
lighting, distance between speakers,
and physical obstructions between
speakers.
Other physical environmental barriers
include technology issues, such as
poor signal reception on mobile
phones, or a lack of access to
technology, such as the internet or
computers.
 Emotional
Barrier
An emotional barrier in
communication is a psychological
barrier that prevents people from fully
expressing their emotions or feelings
to one another. This can be due to a
lack of trust, fear of vulnerability, or
difficulty in understanding the other
person's point of view.
Emotional barriers can interfere with
effective communication and lead to
misunderstandings and conflict.
 Cultural
Barrier
Cultural barriers to communication
are the differences in language,
customs, and beliefs that may exist
between people of different cultures
or societies. These barriers can
prevent people from understanding
each other, leading to
miscommunication and
misunderstanding.
Cultural barriers can also lead to
cultural clashes, which are
disagreements or conflicts caused by
differences in beliefs and values.
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COMMUNICATION

ETHICS
OF COMMUNICATION

Communication is an interaction situation wherein the

participants are affected by each one’s behavior.

One does communicate.

The message received is not necessarily the message

sent.

Communication occurs simultaneously at more than

one level.
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COMMUNICATION

ETHICS
OF COMMUNICATION

Avoid speaking for others, for example by characterizing what

others have said without checking your understanding, or by
universalizing your opinions, beliefs, values, and conclusions,
assuming everyone shares them.

Manage your own personal boundaries. Share only what you

are comfortable sharing.

Respect the personal boundaries of others.

Avoid interrupting and side conversations.

Make sure that everyone has time to speak, that all members
have relatively equal air time if they want it.
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ACT-IVITY
The class will be divided into eight
groups. Each group will perform a short
scenario about one communication
barrier, which will be assigned by the
instructor. The class will be given 15
minutes to prepare.
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THANK YOU!

Patrick James L. Urcia

Instructor