LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

Name

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
At

TECHNO NJR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

UDAIPUR
Software Requirements Specification
for

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Version 1.0 approved

Prepared by JAINIL SINGHVI

Techno NJR Institute of Technology

<date >
ABSTRACT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me immense pleasure to express my deepest sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to

my highly respected and esteemed guide TINJRIT for their valuable guidance, encouragement and

help for completing this work.

Their useful suggestions for this whole work and co-operative behaviour are sincerely

acknowledged. I would like to express my sincere thanks to the HOD of CSE TINJRIT for giving

me this opportunity to undertake this project.

I also wish to express my indebtedness to my parents as well as my family member whose

blessings and support always helped me to face the challenges ahead. At the end I would like to

express my sincere thanks to all my friends and others who helped

me directly or indirectly during this project work.

 Revision History

Date Description Author Comments

Version 1 First Review
Version 2 Added more details
Version 3 Final Review

 Document Approval

The following Software Requirements Specification has been accepted and approved by the following:

Signature Printed Name Title Date

Table of Contents
TOPIC Page No.
REVISION HISTORY
DOCUMENT APPROVAL
1.INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE
1.2 SCOPE
1.3 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS, AND ABBREVIATIONS
1.4 REFERENCES
1.5 OVERVIEW
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 PRODUCT PERSPECTIVE
2.2 PRODUCT FUNCTIONS
2.3 USER CHARACTERISTICS
2.4 GENERAL CONSTRAINTS
2.5 ASSUMPTIONS AND DEPENDENCIES
3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
3.1 EXTERNAL INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS
3.1.1 User Interfaces
3.1.2 Hardware Interfaces
3.1.3 Software Interfaces
3.1.4 Communications Interfaces
3.2 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
3.2.1 Functional Requirement
3.2.2 Functional Requirement
3.3 USE CASES
3.3.1 Use Case #1
3.3.2 Use Case #2
3.4 CLASSES / OBJECTS
3.4.1 <Class / Object #1>
3.4.2 <Class / Object #2>
3.5 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
3.5.1 Performance
3.5.2 Reliability
3.5.3 Availability
3.5.4 Security
3.5.5 Maintainability
 3.5.6 Portability
3.6 INVERSE REQUIREMENTS
3.7 DESIGN CONSTRAINTS
3.8 LOGICAL DATABASE REQUIREMENTS
3.9 OTHER REQUIREMENTS
4. ANALYSIS MODELS
4.1 SEQUENCE DIAGRAMS
4.2 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS (DFD)
4.3 STATE-TRANSITION DIAGRAMS (STD)
5. CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
A. APPENDICES
A.1 APPENDIX 1
A.2 APPENDIX 2

1. Introduction
 A Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document is a comprehensive description of the
intended purpose and environment for a library management system (LMS). It serves as a
foundation for the development process, outlining functional and non-functional requirements,
ensuring that the system meets the needs of both librarians and patrons.

1.1 Purpose

 Define the functionalities required for managing library operations effectively.

 Serve as a reference point for design, development, and testing teams.
 Facilitate clear communication among stakeholders, including library staff, developers, and users.

1.2 Scope

The Library Management System will automate the processes of managing library resources,
including books, members, loans, and returns. The system will serve librarians and patrons,
providing a user-friendly interface for various functionalities.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

Definitions:

 User: Any individual who interacts with the LMS, including librarians, patrons, and administrative
staff.
 Patron: A registered user of the library who can borrow, return, and reserve library resources.
 Librarian: A library staff member responsible for managing library operations, including
overseeing the LMS, assisting patrons, and maintaining resources.
 Search Functionality: The ability for users to locate resources using various criteria such as title,
author, subject, or keyword.
 User Authentication: The process of verifying the identity of users attempting to access the LMS,
typically through login credentials.
 System Integration: The ability of the LMS to connect and communicate with other systems or
databases, enhancing its functionality.
 Data Security: Measures taken to protect sensitive user and resource data from unauthorized access
and breaches.

Acronyms and Abbreviations:

 LMS: Library Management System
 SRS: Software Requirements Specification
 UI: User Interface
 UX: User Experience
 DB: Database
 API: Application Programming Interface

1.4 References

Books and Publications:

 "Library Management 101: A Practical Guide" by Diane L. Velasquez

 "Integrated Library Systems: A Practical Guide" by N. K. Gupta
 "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach" by Roger S. Pressman

Technical Documentation:

 User manuals and technical specifications for existing LMS software (e.g., Koha, Evergreen, Aleph).
 API documentation for third-party services that may be integrated with the LMS.

Research Papers:

 Scholarly articles on library management practices, user experience in library systems, and
technology adoption in libraries from journals like "Library & Information Science Research" or
"The Journal of Academic Librarianship."

1.5 Overview

This document is organized into sections detailing the overall description, specific requirements,
use cases, and non-functional requirements.

2. General Description

The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) for a Library Management System (LMS)
provides an overview of the system’s purpose, functionality, and the environment in which it will
operate. This section helps stakeholders understand the context and objectives of the LMS.

2.1 Product Perspective

 The LMS is a standalone application that will interface with a DBMS for data storage and retrieval.
It will support both web and mobile interfaces.

2.2 Product Functions

 User Registration and Authentication

 Catalog Management (Add, Update, Delete Books)
 Borrowing and Returning Books
 Reservation of Books
 Overdue Notifications
 Reporting Tools (Usage, Inventory)

2.3 User Characteristics

1. Librarians

 Manage library operations and assist patrons.

 Familiarity with library management practices and technology; basic to advanced IT skills.

2. Administrators

 Oversee the overall functioning of the LMS and library operations.

 Strong IT knowledge and administrative skills; experience with system management.

2.4 General Constraints

1. Technical Constraints

 Technology Stack: The choice of programming languages, frameworks, and databases may limit
certain functionalities or integrations.
 System Compatibility: The LMS must be compatible with existing library technologies and
hardware, such as computers, servers, and network infrastructure.
 Internet Connectivity: The system's performance may depend on reliable internet access,
particularly for web-based features.

2. Operational Constraints

 User Training: Adequate training must be provided to staff and patrons to ensure effective use of the
system, which can impact the timeline and costs of implementation.
 Library Policies: The system must comply with the library's policies and procedures regarding user
data management, resource allocation, and circulation practices.
 Resource Availability: The LMS functionality may be constrained by the availability of physical and
digital resources, including budget limitations for acquiring new materials.

3. Regulatory Constraints

 Data Privacy and Security: Compliance with regulations such as GDPR (General Data Protection
Regulation) or other local data protection laws is essential for handling user data securely.
 Copyright Laws: The system must adhere to copyright regulations concerning the distribution and
management of digital resources, including e-books and databases.

4. Performance Constraints

 Response Time: The system must maintain acceptable response times, especially during peak usage
periods, to ensure user satisfaction.
 Scalability: The design must accommodate growth in user numbers and library resources without
compromising performance.

5. Budget Constraints

 Development and Maintenance Costs: Budget limitations can affect the choice of features,
technology, and ongoing support for the system.
 Licensing Fees: If using third-party software or services, licensing costs may impose additional
constraints on the overall budget.

2.5 Assumptions and Dependencies

Assumptions:
 1. User Familiarity

 Technical Literacy: It is assumed that users (both librarians and patrons) have a basic level of
technical literacy, allowing them to navigate a web-based interface and use common features of the
LMS.

2. Access to Resources

 Internet Connectivity: It is assumed that users will have reliable internet access to utilize the online
features of the LMS, especially for remote access to resources.

3. Training and Support

 User Training: It is assumed that adequate training will be provided to all users, enabling them to
understand and effectively use the LMS functionalities.
 Ongoing Support: It is assumed that there will be a dedicated IT support team available to assist
users with any technical issues.

4. System Integration

 Existing Systems: It is assumed that the LMS will need to integrate with existing library systems
(such as cataloging software and payment systems) and that these integrations will be feasible.

5. Data Security and Privacy

 Compliance with Regulations: It is assumed that the LMS will adhere to relevant data protection
regulations (such as GDPR) and that user data will be handled securely and confidentially.

6. User Behaviour

 Consistent Usage: It is assumed that patrons will consistently use the LMS to search for, borrow, and
return resources, leading to regular interaction with the system.
 Feedback and Adaptation: It is assumed that users will provide feedback on the LMS, allowing for
iterative improvements and enhancements.

7. Resource Availability

 Sufficient Budget: It is assumed that there will be adequate funding for on going maintenance,
updates, and potential scaling of the LMS to accommodate future needs.
 Access to Resources: It is assumed that the library will continually update its inventory of physical
and digital resources to meet user needs.
 Dependencies:

1. User Familiarity

 Technical Literacy: It is assumed that users (both librarians and patrons) have a basic level of
technical literacy, allowing them to navigate a web-based interface and use common features of the
LMS.

2. Access to Resources

 Internet Connectivity: It is assumed that users will have reliable internet access to utilize the online
features of the LMS, especially for remote access to resources.

3. Training and Support

 User Training: It is assumed that adequate training will be provided to all users, enabling them to
understand and effectively use the LMS functionalities.
 Ongoing Support: It is assumed that there will be a dedicated IT support team available to assist
users with any technical issues.

4. System Integration

 Existing Systems: It is assumed that the LMS will need to integrate with existing library systems
(such as cataloging software and payment systems) and that these integrations will be feasible.

5. Data Security and Privacy

 Compliance with Regulations: It is assumed that the LMS will adhere to relevant data protection
regulations (such as GDPR) and that user data will be handled securely and confidentially.

6. User Behaviour

 Consistent Usage: It is assumed that patrons will consistently use the LMS to search for, borrow, and
return resources, leading to regular interaction with the system.
 Feedback and Adaptation: It is assumed that users will provide feedback on the LMS, allowing for
iterative improvements and enhancements.

7. Resource Availability

 Sufficient Budget: It is assumed that there will be adequate funding for on going maintenance,
updates, and potential scaling of the LMS to accommodate future needs.
 Access to Resources: It is assumed that the library will continually update its inventory of physical
and digital resources to meet user needs.
3. Specific Requirements

3.1 External Interface Requirement

3.1.1 User Interface:

1. General UI Design Principles

 Intuitive Navigation: The UI should have a clear and straightforward navigation structure, allowing
users to easily find resources, manage accounts, and access features.
 Consistency: UI elements (buttons, fonts, colors) should be consistent throughout the system to
create a cohesive user experience.
 Accessibility: The design must adhere to accessibility standards (e.g., WCAG) to accommodate users
with disabilities, including screen reader compatibility and keyboard navigation.

2. User Roles and Interfaces

A. Patron Interface

 Search Functionality:
o A prominent search bar allowing users to search by title, author, subject, or keyword.
o Filters and sorting options to refine search results (e.g., by availability, publication date).

 Account Management:
o A dashboard displaying user profile information, current loans, holds, and overdue items.
o Options for updating personal information, changing passwords, and viewing borrowing history.

 Resource Details:
o A detailed view for each resource, including title, author, description, availability status, and
options to borrow, renew, or reserve.

 Notifications:
o Alerts for overdue items, upcoming due dates, and new arrivals via email or SMS (if enabled).

B. Librarian Interface

 Catalog Management:
o Tools for adding, editing, and deleting resources in the catalog.
o Bulk import/export options for resource data.
 Circulation Management:
o Interfaces for checking in/out items, renewing loans, and managing holds.
o Notifications for overdue items and fines.

 Reporting Tools:
o Access to reports on library usage, inventory status, and user activity, with options to export data in
various formats (e.g., PDF, Excel).

C. Administrator Interface

 Admin Dashboard:
o Overview of system status, including user activity, resource availability, and alerts.
o Access to configuration settings for library policies (e.g., loan periods, fines).

 User Management:
o Tools for adding, editing, or deleting user accounts and managing roles.
o Ability to view and analyze user activity and feedback.

3. Visual Design Elements

 Color Scheme:
o A visually appealing color palette that reflects the library’s branding while ensuring readability and
accessibility.

 Typography:
o Clear and legible fonts that enhance readability, with appropriate sizing for headings, subheadings,
and body text.

 Icons and Graphics:

o Use of intuitive icons to represent actions (e.g., search, add, delete) and improve usability.

4. Responsive Design

 Mobile Compatibility:
o The interface should be fully responsive, providing an optimal experience on various devices
(desktops, tablets, smartphones).

 Adaptive Features:
o Design elements should adapt to screen size, ensuring ease of use regardless of device.
 3.1.2 Hardware Interface:

1. Client Devices

 Minimum requirements should include a modern operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux),
at least 8 GB of RAM, and a multi-core processor for optimal performance.
 Interfaces should be designed for touch interaction, ensuring ease of use on mobile devices.

2. Server Infrastructure

 A robust server with adequate processing power, memory (16 GB or more), and storage (SSD
preferred) to handle multiple concurrent users.
 Dedicated database server with sufficient RAM (16 GB or more) and high-performance storage for
efficient data access and retrieval.

3. Network Infrastructure

 Gigabit Ethernet connections for desktops and servers to ensure high-speed data transfer.
 Wi-Fi support for mobile devices and laptops, with adequate coverage throughout the library.
 Sufficient internet bandwidth to support multiple users accessing online resources simultaneously.

4. Peripheral Devices

 Used for checking in and out library materials. Should be compatible with the LMS for seamless data
entry.
 Networked printers for printing reports, user notifications, and other documentation.

5. Security Devices

 Hardware firewalls to protect the library's network from unauthorized access and cyber threats.
 Cameras for monitoring library premises, ensuring safety and security.

3.1.3 Software Interfaces:

1. User Interface (UI)

 The LMS will provide a web-based UI accessible through modern browsers, ensuring compatibility
with various operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux).
 The interface must adapt to different devices (desktops, tablets, smartphones) for a consistent user
experience.
 Compliance with accessibility standards (e.g., WCAG) to support users with disabilities.
 2. Database Interface

 The LMS should interface with a robust DBMS (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle) for efficient data
storage and retrieval.
 Use of SQL for querying the database, with support for stored procedures and triggers to enhance
performance.

3. Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)

 The LMS will provide RESTful APIs to allow integration with external applications and services,
such as:
o Mobile Apps: Enable mobile applications to access LMS functionalities.
o Third-Party Services: Integrate with external databases (e.g., bibliographic databases) and services
(e.g., payment gateways).

 Comprehensive documentation for developers to facilitate the use of APIs, including endpoint
descriptions, request/response formats, and authentication methods.

4. Integration with External Systems

 The LMS should integrate with existing ILS for resource management and circulation processes.
 Interface with third-party payment gateways for processing transactions related to fines and fees.

5. Reporting and Analytics Tools

 The LMS should offer a reporting module that allows users to generate reports on library usage,
inventory, and user activity.
 Support for exporting data in common formats (e.g., CSV, PDF, Excel) for analysis and record-
keeping.

6. Notification Systems

 The LMS should interface with email and SMS services to send automated notifications for overdue
items, new arrivals, and user account updates.
 Users should be able to configure their notification preferences through the LMS interface.

7. Administrative Tools

 A dedicated interface for administrators to manage user accounts, system settings, and library
resources.
 Tools for configuring library policies, such as loan periods, fines, and user permissions.
 3.1.4 Communication Interfaces:

1. User Notification System

 The system should automatically send emails for events such as:
 Overdue item reminders.
 New arrivals or recommendations based on user preferences.

 Option to send SMS alerts for important notifications, such as overdue reminders or holds available
for pickup.
 Users should have the ability to customize their notification preferences (e.g., opting in or out of
specific alerts).

2. Internal Messaging System

 A built-in messaging feature that allows patrons to send queries or requests to librarians.
 An interface for administrators to broadcast announcements or important updates to all users.

3. Integration with External Communication Services

 Integration with external email services (e.g., SendGrid, Mailgun) for efficient email delivery
 .Integration with messaging platforms (e.g., Slack, Microsoft Teams) for internal communications
among staff.

4. Feedback and Support Interface

 A user-friendly interface for patrons to submit feedback or report issues, which can be routed to the
appropriate staff members.
 Links to FAQs, tutorials, and contact information for technical support, easily accessible from the
main interface.

5. Real-Time Communication Features (optional)

 Implementation of a live chat feature for real-time support, allowing users to interact directly with
library staff.
 Community forums where users can discuss resources, share insights, and ask questions.

6. Security and Privacy Considerations

 Ensure that all communications (email, SMS, internal messages) are encrypted to protect user data
and privacy.
 Users should be required to opt in for communications, with clear explanations of what types of
messages they will receive.

3.2 Functional Requirements

1. User Management

 User Registration:
o Users (patrons, librarians, administrators) can register for an account with necessary personal
information.

 User Authentication:
o Users must be able to log in and log out securely, with password recovery options available.

 Role-Based Access Control:

o Different user roles (patrons, librarians, administrators) have specific permissions and access to
features based on their roles.

2. Catalog Management

o Librarians can edit existing resource information and remove outdated or irrelevant items from the
catalog.
o Users can search for resources using various criteria (title, author, subject) and filter results based
on availability, type, and other parameters.

3. Circulation Management

o Users can renew borrowed items and place holds on unavailable resources, with notifications when
items become available.
o The system calculates fines for overdue items and allows users to pay fines through the interface.

4. Notification System

o The system sends automated email or SMS notifications for overdue items, new arrivals, holds
available for pickup, and account updates.
o Users can customize their notification settings to choose preferred communication methods and
types of alerts.

5. Reporting and Analytics

o Administrators can generate reports on library usage, including resource circulation, user activity,
and inventory status.
o Reports can be exported in various formats (e.g., PDF, Excel) for external analysis and record-
keeping.

6. Admin Management

o Admins can create, edit, and delete user accounts, as well as manage roles and permissions.
o Admins can configure library policies, including loan periods, fines, and user permissions.

7. Security and Privacy

o The system ensures that all user data is securely stored and protected from unauthorized access, in
compliance with data protection regulations.
o The system maintains logs of user actions for accountability and auditing purposes.
 3.2. Use Cases

3.1 Use Case Descriptions

Use Case 1: User Registration

 Actor: Member
 Description: A new user registers with the system.
 Preconditions: The user must have valid personal information.
 Post conditions: User account is created, and email verification is sent.

Use Case 2: Borrow Book

 Actor: Member
 Description: A member borrows a book.
 Preconditions: The member must be logged in and have no overdue books.
 Post conditions: The book's status is updated to borrowed.

3.2 Classes/Objects:

1. User Class
o Attributes:
 UserID
 Username
 Password
 Role (e.g., Student, Instructor, Admin)
 Email

2. Course Class
o Attributes:
 CourseID
 Title
 Description
 StartDate
 EndDate
 Instructor (UserID)
 EnrollmentList (List of UserIDs)

3. Module Class
o Attributes:
 ModuleID
 Title
 Content (List of resources)
 CourseID

4. Assessment Class
o Attributes:
 AssessmentID
 Title
 Type (e.g., Quiz, Assignment)
 DueDate
 CourseID

5. Resource Class
o Attributes:
 ResourceID
 Title
 Type (e.g., Video, Document)
 URL/Path
 ModuleID

6. Discussion Class
o Attributes:
 DiscussionID
 Title
 CourseID
 Posts (List of PostIDs)

3.3 Non-Functional Requirements

 1. Performance Requirements

 The system should respond to user requests (e.g., search queries, login) within 2 seconds under
normal load conditions.
 The LMS should be able to handle a minimum of 100 simultaneous users without degradation in
performance.

2. Reliability and Availability

 The system should have an uptime of at least 99.5%, ensuring high availability for users.
 Implement redundancy and failover strategies to ensure continued operation in case of hardware or
software failures.

3. Scalability

 The system should be able to scale horizontally (adding more machines) and vertically (upgrading
existing hardware) to accommodate increasing user loads and data volume.

4. Security Requirements

 All sensitive data, including user credentials and personal information, must be encrypted both in
transit (using HTTPS) and at rest.
 The system must implement role-based access control to ensure that users can only access data and
functionalities relevant to their roles.

5. Usability

 The interface should be intuitive and user-friendly, requiring minimal training for users to navigate
effectively.
 The LMS must comply with accessibility standards (e.g., WCAG) to ensure usability for individuals
with disabilities.

6. Maintainability

 The code base should follow best practices and coding standards to ensure maintainability and ease of
updates.
 Comprehensive documentation should be provided for both end-users and developers to facilitate
system maintenance and user training.
 7. Interoperability

 The LMS should be able to integrate with existing systems (e.g., ILS, payment gateways) using
standard APIs and protocols.
 Support for common data formats (e.g., CSV, XML) for importing and exporting data to and from
other systems.

8. Compliance

 The system must comply with relevant data protection laws and regulations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA)
regarding user data handling and privacy.
 Adherence to library-specific standards (e.g., MARC for cataloging) to ensure compatibility and
interoperability with other library systems.

4. Analysis Models

 Sequence Diagram:
 Data Flow Diagram:
 State Transistor Diagram:

5. Change Management System:

A Change Management System is a structured approach used to manage and implement changes
within an organization or system. Its goal is to ensure that all changes are made systematically,
minimizing disruption while maximizing efficiency and effectiveness.
 Purpose

1. Purpose

To establish a structured approach for managing changes to the LMS, ensuring minimal disruption,
maintaining system integrity, and enhancing user experience.

2. Scope

This process applies to all changes involving:

 Software updates
 New feature implementations
 Bug fixes
 User interface changes
 Content updates

A. Appendices:

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document can provide additional context, resources,
and detailed information that support the main content.

Appendix A: Glossary

 Terminology: Define key terms used throughout the document (e.g., "User," "Course,"
"Assessment").

Appendix B: Stakeholder Analysis

 List of Stakeholders: Identify all relevant stakeholders (e.g., students, instructors, administrators)
and their roles in the LMS.