The World Wide Web, as we know • The internet is a vast network of

it today, is a product of decades of interconnected

technological advancement and
computers that communicate using
innovation.
a set of standardized protocols.
Key milestones in the evolution
• These protocols ensure that data
of the web
can be transmitted reliably and
1960s - The ARPANET efficiently across the network.
(Advanced Research Projects
Key internet protocol
Agency Network) is established,
laying the groundwork for the TCP/IP (Transmission Control
internet. Protocol/Internet Protocol) -
The fundamental protocols that
1989 - Tim Berners-Lee
govern communication on the
develops the Hypertext Markup
internet.
Language (HTML), a language for
creating structured documents. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer
Protocol – The protocol used to
1990 - Berners-Lee proposes the
transfer web pages and other data
concept of the World Wide Web,
between web servers and web
a global information system based
browsers.
on HTML and the Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP). DNS (Domain Name System) – A
system that translates human-
Early 1990s - The first web
readable domain names into
browsers (such as Mosaic) and
machine-readable IP addresses.
web servers emerge, making it
possible for people to access and FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – A
create web content. protocol for transferring files
between computers.
Late 1990s and Early 2000s -
The dot-com boom and the rise of Web architecture - The web is
e-commerce drive rapid growth in typically structured as a client-
the web. server architecture, where clients
(web browsers) send requests to
2010s - The mobile revolution and
servers (web servers) for web
the emergence of social media
content.
platforms transform the way people
interact with the web Web browsers - A web browser is
a software application that allows
Internet Protocols And Web
users to access and view web
Architecture
content.
 CLIENT-

SIDE INTERFACE:

• The user interacts with the web

system through a graphical user

interface (GUI) provided by a web

Popular web browsers include:
browser.
Google Chrome
• This interface is created using a
Mozilla Firefox combination of HTML (Hypertext
Markup Language), CSS (Cascading
Safari
Style Sheets), and JavaScript.
Microsoft Edge
SERVER-SIDE LOGIC:
Web servers - computer system
• The server-side of the web
that delivers web pages to clients.
system manages data processing,
Web servers typically run software
storage, and other core
such as Apache
functionality.
Key components of a web
• This logic is implemented using
server
various programming languages,
Web server software - The such as PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, or
software that handles incoming Node.js.
requests and sends out responses
• The server processes user
Web content - The files (HTML, requests, interacts with databases,
CSS, JavaScript, images, etc.) that performs business logic, and
make up the web pages. generates dynamic content to be
sent back to the client.
Database (optional) - A database
may be used to store and retrieve DATABASE
dynamic content.
• Web systems often store and
Introduction to Web Systems retrieve data from databases,
which could be relational
A web system, also known as a
databases.
web application or web-based
system, is a software application • These databases store user data,
that operates on the internet or an application information, and other
intranet relevant data necessary for the
system's operation
KEY COMPONENTS OF A WEB
SYSTEM COMMUNICATION
• Web systems rely on various • A platform used by educational
communication protocols, such as institutions and organizations to
HTTP or HTTPS , to transmit data manage and deliver online courses
between the client and the server and training materials.

• These protocols ensure reliable ONLINE BOOKING SYSTEM

and secure communication over
• A web-based platform that allows
the internet
users to reserve appointments,
SECURITY MEASURES services, or resources online

• Web systems need to implement SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS

security mechanisms to protect
Websites like Facebook, Twitter,
user data and prevent
and Instagram are web systems
unauthorized access
that allow users to connect, share
• includes user authentication, content, and interact with each
authorization controls, data other
encryption, and safeguarding
E-COMMERCE WEBSITES
against common web
vulnerabilities like cross-site Online marketplaces like Amazon
scripting and SQL injection and eBay enable users to browse
and purchase products over the
SCALABILITY
internet
• As user traffic and data volumes
HEALTHCARE INFORMATION
increase, web systems should be
SYSTEM
designed to scale efficiently
A web-based system used in the
• This might involve load
healthcare industry to manage
balancing, caching, and employing
patient records, appointments,
cloud-based infrastructure to
billing, and other medical
handle varying levels of demand.
information electronically
USER EXPERIENCE
COLLABORATION TOOLS
A critical aspect of web systems is
Platforms like Google Workspace
providing a seamless and user-
and Microsoft 365 provide web-
friendly experience
based productivity tools for
EXAMPLES OF WEB SYSTEM document editing, communication,
and collaboration
ONLINE LEARNING
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS): CONTENT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
A web application that facilitates
the creation, management, and
publishing of digital content Users
can create, edit, and organize
content without requiring in-depth
technical knowledge of web
development

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

A web application designed to

assist individuals and businesses in
managing their finances

COLLABORATION AND
COMMUNICATION TOOL

A web-based application that

facilitates communication and
collaboration among individuals or
teams These tools often include
features like messaging, video
conferencing, file sharing, and
project management

Example: Microsoft Teams

ONLINE BANKING

Financial institutions offer web

systems for users to access their
accounts, perform transactions,
and manage their finances
remotely