Data Dictionary

Data Dictionary

The ABAP/4 Dictionary describes the logical structure of the objects used in
application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational
database in tables or views.
Tables, Structures and Views are the three most important objects of ABAP/4
Dictionary. Tables are defined independently of the database. Once these objects are
defined and activated they are available to all system components thus ensuring data
integrity, data consistency and data security.
ABAP/4 Dictionary is completely integrated with the ABAP/4 Development
workbench.
The basic objects for defining data in the ABAP/4 Dictionary are tables, domains
and data elements. Domains are used for the technical definition (for example field type,
field length) of a table field, and data elements for the semantic definition (for example,
short description).
Fields are not independent objects: they are dependent on tables and can therefore
only be maintained within a table; they refer to data elements.
Each data element is dependent on the existence of a domain. Data Elements
determine how a field is displayed to the end-user. These are objects in their own rights
and appear in the object browser as separately.
And since they are objects, once defined they can be reused within the same table or
among fields in other tables in the dictionary.
The data element is the semantic attribute for fields/domain. It describes exactly
one role of a domain in a particular business context for its dependent fields.
It describes the technical attributes and the meaning of a table field or a structure
field. It also contains the semantic Information of a field. Semantic Information includes
Field labels for displaying.
The domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an
attribute of a business object. It describes the value range of a field. This is determined by
specifying formal characteristics such as external format, length and so on. In addition,
specifying fixed values or a value table can restrict the value range.
Domains can be defined without further references to other Dictionary objects. Like
Data Elements, Domains are also stored as objects in the Dictionary. And you can reuse
the Domain object for different fields within the same table or among fields in other
tables.
In the ABAP/4 Dictionary, relationships can be defined between tables. These
relationships are known as foreign keys and must be explicitly defined at field level.
Foreign keys are used above all to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered
should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are no contradictions. (For
example: assignment of a printer that does not exist.)
A combination of fields of a table is identified as a foreign key if this combination is
a primary key in another table.
A foreign key provides a link between two tables T1 and T2. Both the tables should
have the same field names existing in them. In table T1 there is a reference to the primary
key of table T2. In T1, the foreign key fields are assigned to the primary key fields of T2.
Data Dictionary

The table to be checked i.e. Table T1 is called the foreign key table (dependent table) and
table T2 is called the check table (referenced table).
The fields from the two tables, which are paired to form the foreign key relationship,
should be of the same data type and length. In other word one foreign key from one table
should correspond with the primary key of the other table.
If a foreign key is defined between two tables, a record of the foreign key table
refers to a record of the check table. A record is identified via its key, so in the foreign
key definition in the foreign key field it is sufficient to refer to the primary key of the
check table.
In order to avoid the comparison of fields with different data types and field lengths,
the same domain is required within the ABAP/4 Dictionary behind the check field and
the referenced primary key field.
CAUTION!
The requirement that the domain be the same applies only to the foreign key
definition for the check field. For all other foreign key fields, it is sufficient if the
data class and field lengths are the same. You should nevertheless ensure that the
domain is the same. When the field length is changed, the foreign key remains
consistent, because both the assigned fields have been changed (same domain).
When the domains are not the same, the foreign key becomes inconsistent when the
field length, for example, is changed.
In short, a field defined as foreign key in one table should be defined as Primary key
in another table
While defining the foreign key relationship the cardinality has to be specified
Cardinality mentions in a foreign key relationship how many dependent records or
how referenced records is possible
Domains for the foreign key fields in the check table and the reference table should
be the same
When a transparent table is defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary technical settings
must be maintained.
The technical settings are used to optimize individually the space requirements and
access behavior of database tables.
The technical settings can be used to determine how the table should be treated when
it is created in the database, whether the table is buffered and whether changes to entries
should be logged.
When the table is activated in the ABAP/4 Dictionary the table is automatically
created in the database. The necessary information on which memory area (tablespace) to
select and the probable table size are determined from the settings for the data class and
size category.
The buffering settings determine whether the table is buffered and how. The
Buffering Type (Full, Single Record, Generic) parameter specifies how many records are
loaded into the buffer when a table entry is accessed.
In the Logging entry, you can specify whether changes to the table entries should be
logged.
The most important data classes are master data, transaction data, organizational data
and system data.
Master data refers to data, which is only seldomly changed. An example of master
Data Dictionary

data is the data contained in an address file, such as name, address and telephone number.
Transaction data is data, which is often changed. An example of transaction data is
the stock of goods in a warehouse, which changes each time an order is processed.
Organizational data is customizing data, which is entered when the system is
configured and is then rarely changed. The table with country keys is an example.
System data is data, which the R/3 System itself needs. Tables containing the
program sources are an example.
The size category describes the probable space requirement of the table in the
database.
You can choose a size category between 0 and 4. Each category is assigned to a
fixed size of memory area (extent), depending on the database system used.
Buffering can considerably enhance the performance of the system.
The buffers are located locally on the application servers of the system. The records
of buffered tables are thus read from the local buffer of the application server on which
the accessing transaction is running.
Only Transparent and Pooled table can be buffered. Buffering is not permitted for
Cluster Tables.
Using Indexes records in the tables can be searched in a faster way.
Data Dictionary

Let us now go through the procedure of creating Tables, Domains, Data Elements :
While creating the table we will also see how to create a Data Element and
Domain. Tables can be created by following the path Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench ->
ABAP/4 Dictionary or Transaction Code SE11. Following this path you can also create
other ABAP/4 dictionary like Structures, Data Elements, Domains, Views, Matchcodes
etc.
Enter a name of the table in the Object Name box and click on the Tables radio
button for creating the table.
The name of the table should begin with a Z or Y. let us create a table with the name
YEMP1.


Data Dictionary


Enter a table name, select the Tables radio button and then Click on Create button.
Enter a Short description of the table in the Short Text area
Select the delivery class. Select ‘A’
Check the Tab. Maint. Allowed check box
Enter a field name. Let us create a field called EMPNO for our example.
You can define a table as Client-Dependent by assigning a field of type CLNT
in the table.
Enter the Data Element Name. Let’s create a Data Element called YEMPNO.
Double click on the Data Element name.
If the data element is not existing in the dictionary then you will get a Create Data
Element pop up. If the data element is existing then you will be taken to the data element
information screen in display mode and when you come back by pressing the BACK icon
you will find the field type length and other information filled.


Data Dictionary

Click on the enter button if you want to create a new data element
Enter the description of the data element. It is recommended that you give the same
name as the field name preceded with a ‘Z’ or ‘Y’.

You can also enter documentation for the data element. Choose Goto ->
Documentation. Or press F9. The text that you enter here will be displayed
when you press F1 on the field.
Under Extra -> DE Supplement Docu., you can specify some additional
documentation like the possible cause of error, what should be done in case
of error etc.
Note : You can also change the docu status with transaction SE61.
Data Dictionary

Enter the Domain Name

Double click on the domain name to create the domain for the data element
/ field
If the domain is not existing then you will get a pop up asking to create one.
Click on the Yes button


Data Dictionary

Enter the description for the domain in the Short text area
Specify the data type in the Data Type box in the Format area
Specify the field length

Click on Save icon.

In the resulting popup screen specify a Development Class.
Activate the domain in the dictionary by clicking on the Generate icon on the
application toolbar.
Click on the BACK icon. You will come back to the Data Element specification
screen
In the TEXTS are enter Short, Medium and Long field label names for the
field
Save the entries for the data element.
You will get a popup screen Specify a Development Class to save the object.
Activate the data element by clicking on the Activate icon
Click on the BACK icon to come back to the table definition screen
Save the table
Click on the local object button
Activate the table by clicking on the Activate button
Enter the Data Class, Enter APPL1 in the data class field, Data Class
APPL1indicates that the field is updated frequently
Data Class defines the physical area of the database (tablespace) in which the table
should be created. The following data classes are available :
APPL0 (master data) Data in the tables of this class is not frequently changed
APPL1 (transaction data) Data in the tables of this class is frequently changed
Data Dictionary

APPL2 (organizational data) Customizing data goes in here. Data in the tables of this
class are not frequently changed
Enter the Size Category. The Size Category defines the expected memory
space required by the table on the database. You have 0 to 4 size category
to choose from for your tables. It defines the size of the table extents. Enter 1 in the Size
Category. The value 1 in the size category indicates that the table is small.
Using the Logging flag, you can log / keep track of the changes (Deletes,
Updates etc.) made on the table. The changes are logged in the table
DBTABPRT. To switch on the logging, a parameter rec/client should be set in the
system profile.
The above parameter can have the following values:
rec/client = 000[,...] Log the specified clients.
rec/client = OFF Do not log.
rec/client = ALL Log all clients.
This parameter defined whether the all clients or selected clients should be logged.
You can also specify the buffering type
Tables buffered by record reside in the single-record table buffer TABLP,
fully and generically buffered tables share the full/generic table buffer TABL.
Specify at least one of the fields as the primary key and then click on Save
icon to save the table and click on Generate icon to activate the table.
To create more fields in the table, click on the New Fields button on the application
toolbar and repeat the above steps.
We have added one more field EMPNAME to the table.
This is how you can create a table. You can use the existing data elements by placing the
cursor in the data element box and then pressing the F4 key.
You can also reuse the domains that you create. You can also create Data Elements with
the existing domains.



To enter data in the tables choose Utilities -> Create Entries
You will get a data entries screen
Enter the values for the fields and click on the save button after each record


You can display the table contents by going to Utilities -> Table Contents
Data Dictionary

Structures
Structures are defined in the same way as tables. However, a structure does
not correspond to an object in the database. A structure can be used as a
reference in ABAP/4 programs.
Structures are defined and activated in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. They can
than respond to ABAP/4 programs like tables in the TABLES instructions.
In transparent tables, data can be saved in the database, but structures
only contain data temporarily during the runtime of a program.
Since structures that are used more than once are defined centrally, they
can also be changed centrally. These changes are then effected at all
relevant points by the active ABAP/4 Dictionary
In the ABAP/4 Dictionary, the information about a table is divided between
domains, data elements and the table definition. The runtime object
(nametab) collects this information in a table in a form, which is optional for
application program access.
Summary information about the table (number of fields, total of the lengths
of all table fields, number of key fields, total of lengths of all key fields,
information on whether the table is client specific and how it is buffered,
and so on) is stored in the runtime object. In addition, it contains
information about the table fields (field name, position of the field in the
table, data type, length, decimal places, reference field, check table,
conversion routine, and so on).
If a large set of objects is to be activated simultaneously, for example after
an import, you can use the program RDDMASG0 for mass activation.
An index is used to speed up the selection of data from a table.
All indexes, which are defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary for a table, are
activated along with the table and are automatically created with it in the
database.
The indexes to a table are distinguished by means of a three-character index
ID. The index ID may contain only letters and figures. The ID '0' is reserved
for the primary index.
Combining the name of the table and the index ID creates the index name in
the database. Table names with fewer than 10 places are filled with
underscores with the ID being added on at the end. The index ID is thus
always located at positions 10-13.
An index could be described as a copy of a database table reduced to
specific fields. This data exists in this copy in sorted form. This sorting
enables fast access to the data records of the table. In order that the
remaining fields can also be read, that is, those fields not contained in the
index, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in
the index.
Fields, which frequently contains constants in many selections, should be
located at the beginning.
The database utility allows you to create and delete objects defined in the
Data Dictionary

ABAP/4 Dictionary in the database. In addition the database utility

supports structural adjustments - so-called conversions - of an object
definition in the database to changed definitions of the object in the ABAP/4
Dictionary. The operations, which the database utility executes for an object,
are logged. The object log can be displayed from the database utility.
The database utility offers several analysis options. It can:
Check whether a table in the database already contains records..
Display the definition of the table in the database.
Display the runtime object for a table.
Check consistency between the database table and the runtime
object.
Check consistency between the definition of the table in
Dictionary maintenance (SE11) and the runtime object.
Data Dictionary

Views
Views, Match code objects, lock objects etc. is known as aggregated objects.
Using Views, you can permit access to certain set of data from a table or a
set of tables in an application. In other words Views are a logical datasets
which contain data extracted from a single table or multiple tables as a
single entity.
These objects are based on tables
The data for an application object is often distributed on several DB tables
in a relational data model.
The database systems therefore permit you to define application-dependent
views on the data.
In this way, data from different tables can be combined in a logical manner
and information which is not of interest can be masked out.
Aggregate objects in the ABAP/4 Dictionary are objects, which are formed
from several tables.
Views are application-dependent displays of various ABAP/4 Dictionary
tables.
Views make it possible to provide the user with information from fields of
various tables required when working with the R/3 System.
Views are used mainly for programming with ABAP/4 and for the F4 help.
Views are used to represent data which is distributed between many tables
Data of a view is not actually physically stored. The data in a view is derived
from one or more tables
There are 4 types of views : Database View, Project View, Maintenance
View and Help View
The individual tables involved in a view should be linked with a relational
join operation
The data that is selected using a view depend on whether the views
implement an inner join or an outer join. Database views implement Inner
Join whereas Maintenance Views and Help Views implement an outer join
Using the inner join, you can retrieve records which are there in the entire
table involved in the view i.e. you only get the records of the primary table
which also have the same record in the secondary tables of the view.
Using an outer join you can also select the records for which there are no
entries in the secondary tables
Note :
The join conditions for database views can be formulated using equality
relationships between any base fields. The join conditions for the other view
types must be obtained from existing foreign keys. Tables therefore can only be
combined into a maintenance view or help view if they are linked to one another
with foreign keys.
Data Dictionary

Creating Views

To create a view follow the path Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> ABAP/4
Dictionary.
Give the view name and click the view radio button
Click on the create button
Select the View type from the pop box
DB views can be created on the database and are defined in the ABAP
Dictionary once they are activated. They are provided for the user as virtual
tables.
It is possible to access the data of a DB view in ABAP/4 programs both with
OPEN SQL and with NATIVE SQL.
Since the Database View is implemented on a database, only transparent
tables can be used to create them.
If a DB view is also to be used to insert new records in its (only) base table,
the initialization flag should be set for the base table fields which are not
view fields. In this case, these fields will automatically be filled with the
initial value by the view when a new record is inserted.
Select the Database View from the pop up box
Enter a description for the view
Under the tables box specify the table names. Let’ us take the F1S database
as our example. Select the tables SFLIGHT, SPFLI and SBOOK.
Specify the Join condition between the tables in the Join Conditions box
Or click on the Relationships button under the tables box
From the popup screen select the combination of the tables relationships
and the click the Copy icon. You will get the joins conditions defined for you.
Next place the cursor in the box of the tables and click on the TabFileds
button on the toolbar to select the fields from each table to include the fields
from those tables to be included in the View. For our Example Let’s place it
on SPFLI table.
In the pop up box check the fields that you want to include in the view and
click the Copy button.
Do the same for the tables whose fields you would like to have as part of the
view. Let us select some fields from SFLIGHT and SCARR tables
These fields will appear in the View Fields area
Save and activate the view. When you save, you will be prompted for a
Development class.
Now you have created a Database view
To execute the database views go to Utilities -> Display Data
Click on the execute button. You will get the data for the view
You can also specify the selection condition for the view
Choose Goto -> Selection Condition or click on the Next Screen icon on the
tool bar
The Selection Condition box will appear in place of View Fields box
Give the condition by specifying the table name, field name, operator,
Data Dictionary

comparison value and the AND/OR condition in case you want to more
fields in the selection condition
You can type in the detail if you are sure of them or else place the cursor in
the Selection condition box and click on the TabFields button
You will get a pop box with the table name, which you had selected, in the
first screen
Double click on the table name to get the list of the fields for the table
Check the field(s) on which you want to base the condition and click on the
Copy icon / button
The fields will appear in the Selection Condition area
Then you specify the operator, comparison value and the AND/OR
condition. For our example we have done a selection on SFLIGHT-CARRID =
‘LH’.
Save and activate the View
Display the data in the view by going to Utilities -> Display Data
Note: You could have still displayed the data without specifying conditions. In
short, specifying conditions is optional.
After you display the data from the view, you can download to an
unconverted file format or spreadsheet or to a RTF file
In the result screen go to Edit -> Download.
Select the file type by selecting the appropriate radio button
In the next screen give the path of the download file name with the
extension and press the enter icon
Go the location where the file was created and open the file with the
appropriate application
You can sort the data in Ascending or descending order
To do this first select all the rows by going to Edit -> Select -> Select all
This will put a check mark in the check boxes
Goto Edit -> Sort Ascending / Sort Descending to sort the data
You can also print the result
Data Dictionary

Projection View

Projection Views can be created only on single tables
Selection conditions cannot be specified for a Projection View
The relational operator projection is used to remove fields from a cross product
table created by join and selection. Information that is of no interest for the particular
view can thus be masked out i.e, the data that is actually required is displayed when the
database is accessed.
It also possible to access Pooled and Cluster tables using Projection View.
The remaining fields are the fields of the views defined by join selection and
projection.
In a projection, fields, which are used to formulate the selection condition, can also
be masked out.
From the pop up box select the Projection View type radio button and click on
choose
Give a short description for the view
Specify the base table name on which you want to create the view
Place the cursor in the View Fields area and click on the TabFields button the
toolbar
In the pop up box you will get the list of the fields of the table. Check the fields to
select them and click on copy button
The selected fields will appear in the view fields area
Save and activate the view
To execute the Project View follow these steps :
Choose Utilities -> Repository Infosys
Expand Basic Objects
Double click on views
Give the Projection View name
Click the Execute button
Mark the Check box against the View name
Goto Views -> Test / Execute
Click the execute icon
You will get the data for the view
After you display the data from the view, you can download to an unconverted file
format or spreadsheet or to a RTF file
In the result screen go to Edit -> Download.
Select the file type by selecting the appropriate radio button
In the next screen give the path of the download file name with the extension and
press the enter icon
Go the location where the file was created and open the file with the appropriate application 
You can sort the data in Ascending or descending order
To do this first select all the rows by going to Edit -> Select -> Select all
This will put a check mark in the check boxes
Goto Edit -> Sort Ascending / Sort Descending to sort the data
You can also print the result
Data Dictionary

Maintenance Views
Let us go through the procedure of creating Maintenance Views
Maintenance Views give a business oriented view of the data and at same time
allows you to maintain the data.
Maintenance Views are more like Database views where you have specify the
foreign key relationship between the tables. The foreign key relationship should exist
between the tables i.e. data from several tables can be presented to in Maintenance view
collectively.
All the tables used in the Maintenance View should have a foreign key relationship.
From the pop up box select the Maintenance View type radio button and click on
choose
Give a short description for the view
Give the Parent table name in the Tables box
Click Relationship button under the tables’ box
You will get a pop up box with the foreign key relationship of the base table
Mark the Check box and click the Copy icon / button
The candidate table will be displayed in the Tables box and the foreign key
relationship will be displayed in the Join Conditions box
You can also specify Selection Conditions by clicking on the Next Screen icon.
(Follow the Steps in the Database View to specify the Selection Condition)
Note : Don’t forget to mention the AND / OR condition.
Save and activate the View
Now you will have to maintain the View
Go to Environment Table Main Generator
Enter a function Group name
Specify the Authorizations Group as AC ( RA:User Controlled )
Specify the Maintenance Screen numbers in the Overview Screen and Single
Screen boxes ( Give numbers here eg. 100 / 200 )
Click on the create button on the toolbar
Save the object in a Development Class
Go back by pressing the BACK Icon
Select the Maintenance status by going to Extras Maintenance Status
Save and activate the view
To execute the Maintenance View run the transaction code /nSM30
The view name will be displayed on the screen
Click the Maintain button and you will get the output
You can create New Entries by clicking on the New Entries button on the application
toolbar, Change the field contents, delete etc., but these changes will not be reflected in
the tables
Once the maintenance view has been created and activated, the maintenance
modules must be generated in the specified transaction. To do so, it is necessary to define
a function group into which the maintenance modules are generated. The function group
is automatically created if it does not yet exist. This function group must be in the
customer name range.
The generated maintenance dialog can be started at any time with the menu path
System Services Ext. table maint.
Data Dictionary

A maintenance interface for a single database table can also be generated in the
transaction Table view generation. If a text table exists for it, this text table can be
automatically maintained.
Data Dictionary

Help Views

Help views can be used as a selection method in search helps. This is
necessary especially if a view with outer join is required for the value
selection in the search help. Since database views always implement an
inner join, a help view must be selected as selection method in such cases.
All the tables used in a help view must be linked with foreign keys. Only
foreign keys which have certain semantic attributes can be used here
The steps are the same as that for a Database View or Maintenance View
The help view is a type of view, which was specially designed for the
requirements of the possible entries help. Help views are also defined using
the relational operations join selection and projection. However, there are
several important differences to the DB view.
SAP HELP only uses help views. In particular, it is not possible to access
them with either OPEN SQL or NATIVE SQL.
The order of base tables in a help view cannot be changed. The primary
table plays a special role. The help view is used as possible entries help for
exactly those fields which are checked against this table. This is done
automatically. For this reason, a table may not be the primary table of more
than one help view.
There are special restrictions for the foreign key relationships used to set up
a help view. They must be defined so that at most one record of the
successor table is assigned to a record of the predecessor table. The
successor table may also be a text table for the predecessor table. In this
case, only those records of the text table that have the log on language in
the language field are automatically taken into consideration when creating
the view.
Data Dictionary

Matchcodes
Search Help has replaced Matchcodes in 4.0B. Existing Matchcodes have been
converted into Search helps with the same name.
Matchcodes are tools for finding data records, which are stored in the system. They
are an efficient and convenient search help if the key is not known.
A matchcode ID is always uniquely assigned to a matchcode object. It is formed
from the base tables of this matchcode object by join, selection and projection. The
definition of a matchcode ID can also influence the way in which the search help is
displayed.
A matchcode ID is defined similarly to a view. You should, however, note some
differences:
The definition is based on the matchcode object to which the ID belongs.
The update type is one of the general characteristics, which must be defined.
The primary table of the ID is the same as the primary table of the
matchcode object.
The secondary tables must be selected from the secondary tables of the matchcode
object.
The fields must be selected from the fields of the matchcode object. They are also
given the names, which they had when the matchcode object was defined. Various
definitions can also be made concerning the output characteristics of the fields.
Matchcode is a tool used for searching data records in a system
To create a matchcode, first create a Matchcode object, then create a
matchcode ids
One or more matchcode ids can be created for a matchcode object
Specify the primary table and the secondary tables
The system will display a list of tables having relationship with the primary
table
Select the tables that you would want to include in the matchcode
From each selected secondary table, select the fields to be included in thematchcode.
Click on the fields buttons the toolbar.
Save and activate the matchcode object
Next create a matchcode id
Select the matchcode object
Double click on the matchcode object
Click on the matchcode ids
Give matchcode id no
Choose the tables
Click on Choose Sec. Tables button and select the tables from the list displayed
Give the table name and index name
Select the fields
Click on the fields’ button on the application toolbar
Enter the matchcode fields by which you want to search the records
These should have been selected in the matchcode object
You can create nine matchcode ids for a matchcode object
Data Dictionary

Customer Name Ranges

Certain names are not allowed because they are used in database systems or because of
SAA naming conventions. These names may not be used as names for tables, views or
table fields. When creating a table or a view, a check is made on whether or not the
intended name is allowed. The corresponding check is performed during activation for
table fields.
The reserved names are entered in the table TRESE. This table has two fields.
In the first field the reserved names are entered, in the second the reason the
name is reserved. This is normally the (abbreviated) name of the database
system, which causes the name to be reserved. If the name violates the SAA
naming conventions, SAA is entered.
Because the table TRESE can be extended, for example when a new database
system is supported, the activation program distinguishes two cases when
checking the field names. If the field is new, the activation of the table is
rejected. You must then change the field name. If the table was previously
active with the field, only a warning is output and the table is nevertheless
activated.
For transparent tables, structures and pooled/cluster tables, you should use
the name ranges Y* and Z*. The name ranges T9* and P9* are intended for
special tables. T9* is intended for pooled tables in the ATAB pool and P9* for
customer-specific information types (HR).
Note that the names of some SAP objects violate these naming conventions.
These objects were developed before the introduction of the naming
conventions. In view of the problems involved and for the sake of stability, SAP
did not rename these objects. The names of these objects are listed in the
exception table TDKZ and may also not be used when creating customer
objects.
Customer Name Ranges for ABAP/4 Dictionary Objects
Object Name length Customer name range Example
Domain 10 Y*, Z* YNAME, Z1234
Data element 10 Y*, Z* ZNAME,
YNAME12
Data element- 4 9000 to 9999
supplement
Matchcode object 4Y*, Z* YMCO, ZMCO
Matchcode ID 1 0 to 9 YMCO1, ZMCO7
Pool/cluster 10 Y*, Z* YPOOL,
ZCLUSTER
Lock object 10 EY*, EZ* EYNAME,
EZNAME
Structure 10 Y*, Z*, T9*, P9* YSTRUKT,
ZSTR123 Transp.
table 10 Y*, Z*, T9*, P9* YTAB1, ZTAB2
Index code 3 Y*, Z* Y12, ZAB
Appends 10 Y*, Z* ZAPPEND,
Data Dictionary

Important Menu Paths / Transactions

ABAP/4 Dictionary Maintenance/Display
Tools ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary
- Dictionary maintenance (SE11) - Dictionary display (SE12)
Repository Information System Data Dictionary
1. Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> Dictionary (enter Dictionary
object, object name and choose operation)
Environment -> Repository Info Sys. or
2. Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Overview -> Repository Infosys.
- ABAP/4 Repository Information System (SE84) / ABAP/4 Repository
infosystem - Data Dictionary (SE15)
Data Display/Maintenance (Data Browser)
1. Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Dictionary
object:Table, Enter table name and choose operation)
Utilities -> Table contents (data display) or Utilities -> Create entries (data
maintenance)
Or
2. Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Overview -> Data Browser
- Data display/maintenance (Data Browser) (SE16)
Index
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Dictionary
object: Table, enter table name and choose operation)
Goto -> Indexes or pushbutton Indexes...
Technical Settings
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Dictionary
object: Table, enter table name and choose operation)
Goto -> Technical settings or pushbutton Technical settings
Matchcode ID
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Dictionary
object: Matchcode objects, enter matchcode object name and choose operation)
Goto -> Matchcode IDs or pushbutton Matchcode IDs
Database Utility
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Enter
Dictionary object and object name and choose operation)
Utilities -> Database utility
- Database utility (SE14)
Storage Parameters
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Enter
Dictionary object and object name and select operation)
Utilities -> Database utility
Goto -> Storage parameters or pushbutton Storage parameters
- Database utility (SE14) -> Goto -> Storage parameters
Fixed Values
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> ABAP/4 Dictionary (Dictionary
object:Domain, enter domain name and choose operation)
Data Dictionary

Goto -> Fixed values or pushbutton Fixed values

Maintenance View
Tools -> ABAP/4 Workbench -> Development -> Other tools ->
Gen.tab.maint.dialog
- Table view generation (SE54)
ExtendedDataDisplay
System -> Services -> Ext. table maint.
- Maintain Table Views (SM30)
Data Dictionary

Transparent Tables :
A transparent table in the dictionary has one-to-one relationship with a table in
the database. It’s structure in the R/3 Data Dictionary corresponds to a single
database field. The database table has the same name, the same number of
fields, and the fields have the same names as the R/3 table definition.
The transparent tables hold application data. Application data is master data or
transaction data used by an application.
Pooled Tables :
A pooled table has many-to-one relationship with the table in the database. For
one table in the database, there are many tables in the R/3 dictionary. The
table in the database has a different name than the tables in the DDIC, it has a
different number of fields, and the fields have different names as well.
A pooled table is stored in a table pool at the database level.
A table pool is a database table with a special structure that enables the data of
many R/3 tables to be stored within it. It can hold only pooled tables.
