EXCEL Interview Questions

Last Updated: Dec 21, 2024

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 Introduction
If you are managing data, Microsoft Excel is your go-to application. Spreadsheets in Excel have
been in use for around more than 30 years. Excel has a better user interface and numerous
contemporary features than its original edition. All major operating systems, including
Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android, are compatible with Excel. Some of the key features of
Microsoft Excel include:

Graphing software

Integrated capabilities (SUM, DATE, COUNTIF)

Tables, charts, and filters that allow for data analysis

Visual Basic for Applications(VBA)

Process of the worksheet and flexible workbook

Enables quick data validation

Spreadsheets remain crucial and are a fantastic resource for learning about data. Excel is not
always the best or the only option for data projects, but it is still a reliable and affordable
analytical tool. It is a vital framework for advanced analytics since it makes the analytical
procedure easier to understand.

Many industries and organisations still emphasise the importance of Excel skills since it is still
a wise technique to gather organisational insights. Excel can do it all, from making reports to
performing basic computations. Excel proficiency is becoming a need in the modern world.

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 The top Excel Interview Questions and Answers for freshers and experienced are included in
this article:

Basic EXCEL Interview Questions

Advanced EXCEL Interview Questions

EXCEL MCQ Questions

Basic Excel Interview Questions

1. What is the ribbon in excel?
The term "ribbon" refers to the region at the top of the application that houses the MS Excel
toolbars and menu items. With CTRL+F1, the ribbon can be displayed or hidden. The toolbars
and menus have been replaced by the ribbon, which runs across the application's top. The top
of the ribbons has a number of tabs, and each tab has its own set of commands. It has
numerous tabs, including File, Home, View, Insert, and others. The ribbon can be altered to fit
your requirements. Right-click on the Ribbon and choose "Customise the Ribbon" from the
menu that appears. The following window appears as shown below. Each of these options is
available for you to select or deselect.

Source: SpreadsheetWeb

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2. What are wildcards in Excel?

Excel has three wildcards:

Asterisk(*): It represents zero or more characters. Ex*, for instance, might stand for Excel,
Extra, Expertise, etc.

Question mark(?): It represents a single character. R?in, for instance, might be either Rain
or Ruin.

Tilde(~): A literal asterisk (*), a literal question mark (? ), or a literal tilde (~) can be created
by adding a tilde (~) before a wildcard character to negate its effect.

3. Explain data validation in excel.

The types of values that a person may enter into a specific cell or a range of cells are limited
by data validation. Choose the "Data Validation" option under "Data Tools" on the Data tab.
Choose the data validation type you want to use. For example, a 'Name' column has data

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 validation applied to it so that it will only take text entries. It will throw an error if you enter
anything other than text.
4. A student table is provided below. The following criteria should be used
to write a function that adds pass/fail to the results column.The student
will pass if their grade is greater than 60 and their attendance is higher than
75%.
To fill in the results column, use the IF() function and a check with an AND condition.

Source: Simplilearn

5. Explain the difference between SUBSTITUTE and REPLACE in excel.

A string can have one or more instances of any old text substituted with fresh text using
the SUBSTITUTE function.
Syntax:

SUBSTITUTE(text, prevText, newText, instanceNumber)

Example:

Let text at A1 be happy77

SUBSTITUTE(A1,”7″,”8″,1) =>happy87

SUBSTITUTE(A1,”7″,”8″,2) =>happy88

The REPLACE function changes any portion of the old text string with new text.

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 Syntax:

REPLACE(oldText, startNumber, NumberCharacters, newText)

Example:

Let text at A1 be happy77

REPLACE(A1,6,1,”00″) =>happy007

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6. Which two macro languages are there in Microsoft Excel?

VBA and XLM (Visual Basic Applications). XLM was utilized in Excel's past editions. VBA was
first used in Excel 5 and is now primarily used.

7. What is a macro in excel?

Users can automate straightforward, repetitive chores and instructions using macros. For
instance, rather than having to manually calculate sales, profits, losses, etc. every day, you
could develop a macro that automatically calculates them at the end of the day and use it
going ahead. Macros can be recorded and played at a later time or written down for use.
Either go to the Developer tab and select Record Macro or go to the View tab to access it.

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8. What is a pivot table?

One of Excel's most effective tools, a pivot table is always helpful when examining data. Excel
pivot tables let you easily count, compare patterns, and confirm data trends while also
analyzing large amounts of data.

A pivot table summarises your data. The information is presented as a chart. You can report on
and investigate patterns using a pivot table and the data you've already given it. When
working with large datasets, pivot tables are useful. To process data and information in our
Excel spreadsheets, pivot tables are versatile and useful reports.

The following are some of the features of Excel pivot tables:

Allow the precise facts you need to evaluate to be displayed

Provide several vantage points to view the data

Allow you to concentrate on crucial details

Data comparison is quite useful.

Pivot tables may recognize a variety of patterns, connections, data trends, etc.

They can produce data instantly.

Reliable reports

Act as the foundation for pivot charts

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 Source: Excelcampus
9. How do you create a pivot table?
It's not as difficult as it first appears to make a pivot table. To get the most out of this process,
it is necessary to be aware of all its specifics.

Make the data ready

Put your information in the excel sheet.

To construct a pivot table, highlight your cells.

In "Row Labels" or "Column Labels," drag and drop a field.

Drag a field into the "Values" section.

Adjust your calculations.

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 While creating a pivot table, keep these in mind:

Each of the columns' first-row headings should be distinctive.

There should only be one type of data in each column.

Rows can only include information for a single recording.

no empty rows

Columns shouldn't be left entirely empty.

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 The data needed to create the pivot table must be kept apart from the other data in the
sheet.
Select the table, then click on the Insert tab to create a pivot table. Then choose the Pivot
Table command, and the following window will appear:

Click OK after specifying the location where the table will be created. You will observe that a
blank pivot table has been created once this is complete. Moreover, the PivotTables Fields
window, which aids with pivot table configuration, will open.
10. Differentiate between Pivot charts and standard charts.
The following are a few differences between Pivot charts and standard charts:

The row/column format: A Pivot Chart's row/column orientation cannot be changed using
the Select Data Source dialog box, in contrast to a normal chart. Instead, you can achieve
the same result by pivoting the Row and Column labels of the corresponding PivotTable.

Chart type: A Pivot Chart can be changed into any form of a chart, with the exception of a
xy (scatter), stock, or bubble chart.

Source of data: Pivot Charts are based on the data source of the related Pivot Table,
whereas standard charts are tied directly to worksheet cells. In contrast to a standard
chart, the Pivot Chart's Choose Data Source dialog box does not allow you to alter the
chart's data range.

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 Formatting The majority of formatting, including newly added chart elements, structure,
and style, is kept when you reload a Pivot Chart. Trendlines, data labels, error bars, and
other modifications to data sets, however, are not kept. After being applied, standard
charts retain their formatting. Although you can't directly modify the data labels in a Pivot
Chart, you may still do it by increasing the text's font size.
11. How does a slicer work in Excel?
Excel uses slicers to easily filter Pivot Tables. Even more, you can link numerous slicers to
numerous pivot tables.

Do the following to add a slicer to the pivot tables:

Choose any cell in the pivot table by clicking it.

Select Analyze, then Filter, then Insert Slicer.

12. What are the steps to split a column into two or more columns?
The following are the steps to split a column into two or more:

Choose the cell you would like to split. Then, click on Text to Columns under the Data tab.

Decide on a delimiter.

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 Choose the location where you wish to display the split after selecting the column data
format.

13. What is a cell address?

On a worksheet, a specific cell is identified by its cell address. It is determined by the
appropriate column letter and the corresponding row number.

The highlighted cell's address is D3 because, as shown, it is in row 3 and column 'D'.

14. Differentiate between the terms "absolute cell referencing" and

"relative cell referencing" in Microsoft Excel.

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 Instead of using values while generating a formula, we use cell references. In this method, as
we alter the values of the cells, the formula's outcome also alters. References come in two
varieties:

Relative Reference: Relative references indicate the precise location of the cell, and it is
the row and column in which the cell that has a value or a formula is situated. If we try
taking that same cell to relocate it to another cell, worth the redundancy, it will refer to
the new cells according to where they are located. As a result, we can claim that Excel
predetermines relative references. Example: See the illustration below, where there is a
formula written in C9 and copied to C10. As you can see, C10, as opposed to A9 and B9,
displays the total of A10 and B10.

Absolute Reference: An exact address is represented by the absolute reference. In other

words, it constantly refers to the same cell, making it impossible to change them during
copying. Absolute references are crucial since they are fixed, which is excellent when
using Excel functions or formulae. Example: The $ symbol must come before the column
and row numbers if you want to use absolute referencing. The row and column addresses
do not change when absolute cell references are used; they stay the same. Look at the
illustration in the following image:

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 Image Source: Edureka
15. What do you understand by “freeze panes” in MS excel?
With freeze panes, any row or column can be locked. Even if we vertically or horizontally scroll
the sheet, the locked row or column will still be visible on the screen. Observe the instructions
below to freeze panes in Excel.

Choose the Rows and Columns you want to Freeze first.

Then choose Freeze Pane from the View tab.

Now, you have the following three options to pick and choose which rows and columns
to freeze.

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 16. How can one restrict copying a cell from a worksheet?
To restrict someone from copying a cell from our worksheet, we need to follow the steps
given below:

Select the data you wish to safeguard first.

Press Ctrl, Shift, and F. It then shows the Format Cells tab. Select the Protection tab. Click
OK after selecting Locked.

Then, click Protect Sheet from the Review menu. To secure the sheet, enter the password.

Gif Source: WPS Academy

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 17. Differentiate a formula from a function in excel.
Formula:
The user types in the formula, which looks like an Excel equation. Based on the user's
preference, it might be any kind of calculation. It takes longer to manually type a
formula each time you need to make a computation.

Example: B1 + B2 + B3

Function:
An Excel function is a built-in computation that has been predefined. Using functions
makes conducting computations quicker and more comfortable.

Example: SUM(B1 : B3)

18. Discuss how Excel evaluates formulas in terms of the order of
operations.
PEDMAS is the term used to describe the Excel operation order. The precedence list for an
Excel operation is displayed below.

Parentheses

Exponentiation

Division/Multiplication

Addition

Subtraction
As can be seen above, the exponentiation process is performed after the data in the
parenthesis is processed. Following that, either the division or multiplication procedures may
be performed. The outcome is then added and finally subtracted, to provide the result.

19. Write the differences between COUNT, COUNTA and COUNTBLANK.

COUNT: The number of cells with simply numerical values is counted. Blank cells, special
characters, and cells with string values will not be included in the calculation.

COUNTA: The number of cells with any kind of content is counted. Numeric data, special
characters, and string values contained in cells will all be counted. A blank cell will not be
taken into account, though.

COUNTBLANK: It solely counts the number of blank cells, as the name would imply.
Content-containing cells will not be taken into account.

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 20. How can we combine text strings from several cells into one cell?
Use the CONCATENATE command to combine text strings that are contained in numerous
cells into one cell. Up to 30 text pieces can be joined using the Excel CONCATENATE
function, which returns the result as text.

The Excel Concatenate function has the following syntax: CONCATENATE (text1, text2, ..)

The following formula can be used to CONCATENATE the values of two cells, A2 and B2:
CONCATENATE (A2, B2). There will not be any delimiters used when combining the values.
Use a space (" ") to demarcate the values: CONCATENATE(A3, " ", B3).
21. How would you add comments to your cells?
You must right-click a cell and select add comment from the cell menu to add a comment to it.
Write your comment in the space provided for comments. There is a comment associated with
that specific cell if there is a red triangle in the upper right corner of the cell. Right-click the
cell and choose "Delete Comment" from the cell menu to get rid of a comment.

22. What are spreadsheets?

Spreadsheets are software programs that facilitate effective data organization, calculation,
and sorting. A spreadsheet consists of rows and columns spread throughout. The total number
of rows and columns on an MS excel worksheet is 1,048,576 rows by 16,384 columns.

There is a worksheet (labeled "Sheet1") as shown below, and we also notice a "+" sign
somewhere at the bottom, which indicates we can create a new sheet. We can add, rename,
remove, hide, show, and perform other actions on sheets. Worksheets are added by default as
Sheet1, Sheet2, etc. Such sheets are simple to rename as necessary.

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 23. What is VLOOKUP in excel? How does the VLOOKUP function work?
Excel's VLOOKUP (which stands for Vertical Lookup) function is used to find and produce data
from a specific set. To make use of this functionality, we need to arrange the data vertically
because V is for Vertical in VLOOKUP. Whenever we need to find a certain amount of data
from a vast amount of data, VLOOKUP is tremendously helpful.

The VLOOKUP function in Excel has a lookup value and starts searching in the left-hand
column. VLOOKUP will move right, or into the search value row if the value of that search
appears first. It keeps on until the specified column number is returned. This function
compares estimated and true search values. Nonetheless, the default match is approximate.

Here,

lookup_value: The value that you wish to check for is known as the lookup value.

table_index: The set of data to be taken from is the table index.

col_index_num: col index num specifies the column you wish to extract the value from.

range_lookup: Logical value, i.e., TRUE or FALSE, is the range lookup (TRUE finds the
closest match; FALSE will check for an exact match)

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 24. Can VLOOKUP be used on many tables?
Indeed, you can use VLOOKUP for several tables. If you have two search tables, create named
fields for each of them and use the IF function to choose from each table in accordance with a
predetermined set of criteria.

Source: Excel Tip

25. How is VLOOKUP different from LOOKUP?

The user can use VLOOKUP to search for a value in a table's leftmost column. The value is
then returned in a left-to-right way. On the other hand, the user can search for data in a row
or column using the LOOKUP function. It shows up the value in a different row or column.

26. Discuss the functionality of IF() in Excel.

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 The IF() function in Excel does a logical test. If the test results in true, it returns a value; if the
test results in false, it returns a different value. Whether the condition holds for the full
chosen range determines what value is returned.

Source: My Online Training Hub

27. Discuss the functionality of SUMIF() in Excel.
Cell values described by a particular condition or set of criteria are added by the SUMIF()
function.

Syntax: =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range])

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 Source: Excel Practice Online

Note:

range (necessary): the set of cells you want to subject to criterion. Each range must
include only numbers, names, arrays, or references containing numbers. Values that are
blank or text are ignored. Dates in the typical Excel format could be found in the selected
range.

criteria (necessary): A number, expression, cell reference, text, or function that specifies
which cells will be added can all be used as criteria

sum_range (optional): the actual cells to add if you wish to add cells that are not listed in
the range argument. The cells that are given in the range parameter are added by Excel if
the sum_range argument is not present (those cells to which the criteria are imposed).
28. How do you create a dropdown list in excel?
The 'Data Validation' option found in the Data tab can accomplish this.

Select the cells in which the drop-down lists are to be added.

Select Data, then click on Data Validation.

Select List from the menu under Allow.

Give the input for the items (separated by a comma) in your dropdown list in the Source
tab.
The dropdown list is ready.

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 Source: Trump Excel
29. Highlight the cells with total sales > $5000 using the sales information
below.
Cells that meet the criterion are highlighted in this case using conditional formatting. Choose
"Conditional Formatting" from the home tab, then "Greater Than option" under the Highlight
Cells Rules section. Choose the color for the highlighted cells and specify the criterion.

30. How do you identify repeated values in a column?

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 You may utilize conditional formatting or the COUNTIF() function to identify duplicate values
in a column.

Conditional Formatting: Choose "Highlight Cells Rules" under Conditional Formatting

after first selecting the Home tab. Next, select "Duplicate Values."

COUNTIF(): To determine whether the values in a given column are repeated, you can
implement a COUNTIF() method.

31. How can duplicate values be eliminated from a cell range?

You may eliminate duplicate values by choosing the 'Remove Duplicates' option from the Data
Tools menu on the Data tab.

Advanced Excel Interview Questions

1. Can many tables be used to build pivot tables?
Absolutely, more than one basis table can be used to build pivot tables. Follow these
instructions to do this:

To launch the Pivot Table Wizard, press Alt+D followed by P.

When you click Next after selecting the Multiple consolidation ranges option, another
dialog box will appear.

Choose the option "I will create the page fields" and then click "Next".

The relevant ranges must all be added in the following window.

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 Once that is finished, select the region where you wish to construct the table by clicking
Next and then clicking Finish.

You will observe that the pivot table was produced by combining the two tables.
2. Can you use tables from separate worksheets to create a pivot table?
You can also build a pivot table for tables from different sheets if both sheets are from the
same worksheet. Use the same procedures as in Q31 to construct a pivot table from two
separate sheets. After you define the tables, navigate to the appropriate sheet and choose the
tables you want to combine.

3. Without installing Microsoft Office, how can I produce an Excel (.XLS

and .XLSX) file in C#?
ExcelLibrary can be used to create Excel files in C# without the need to install Microsoft
Office. It is an open-source, cost-free, and basic library on Google Code. It is a PHP
ExcelWriter port. It includes a DataSetHelper that makes using DataSets and DataTables
easier. ExcelLibrary supports the older Excel format (.xls files), and support for the more recent
2007/2010 formats will be added.

The alternative is EPPlus. It has NPOI and is compatible with Excel 2007/2010 format files
(.xlsx files). Pivot Tables are also supported by EPPlus.

4. How can you prevent Excel from turning specific text values into dates
automatically?
That is a common problem encountered by Excel users. But, you can include a '=' before the
double quotes to prevent Excel from turning certain text values into dates automatically. The
data must be text due to this operation. Example: =”2022-11-27″.

5. Is it possible to crack the password for an Excel VBA project?

Indeed, using a spreadsheet in the.xls format, we can decrypt the password for an Excel VBA
project. Due to the secure nature of.xlsx files, this won't function with them. Using a hex
editor, change the password entry in the file.

Create a fresh .xls file.

Set a simple password, such as "abcd," in the VBA section.

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 Save the document, then exit

Verify the file size.

Use a hex editor to view the file.

Start copying the lines with the ensuing keys: CMG=…., DPB=…, GC=…

Now that we don't know the VBA password for the excel file, we need to back up that
data.

Using the hex editor, launch the file

Put the lines you just copied from the dummy file in there.

Save the excel document, then quit.

Open the excel document where the VBA code has to be checked. The password is abcd.
6. What do you understand by What If analysis?
What-if analysis is a technique for changing one or more cellular formulas to examine how the
changes affect the worksheet results. Three different What-if approaches for analysis are
available in Excel: Scenarios, Goal Seek, and Data Tables.

Data tables and scenarios offer a selection of inputs for potential results. While several
variables can work with scenarios, a limit of 32 input values is allowed. Data tables only work
with one or two variables, but they can all take on a variety of different values. Unlike
Scenarios and Data Tables, Goal Seek takes outputs and determines prospective inputs to the
same.

Source: Wmfexcel

7. How can I disable Pivot Tables' automatic sorting?

The data that is available in the Pivot Tables are automatically sorted by Excel. If you do not
want Excel to do this action, select More Sort Options from the drop-down option for the
Row Labels or Column Labels. The Sort dialog box appears as it opens. Deselect the option for
Automatic Sort by selecting More Options.

8. What distinguishes a function from a subroutine in VBA?

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 Function Subroutine

A function's responsibility is to give the Subroutines, on the other hand, don't return the
result of the task it performs. result of the task they are carrying out.

They can be recalled in many ways and at any

A variable calls them.
point in the program.

Functions are used in spreadsheets in Spreadsheets do not directly use subroutines as

the same way that formulas are. formulas.

Repetitive tasks are performed by Before retrieving the subroutine's output, users
functions, which then return a value. must enter a value in the targeted cell.

9. How would you debug a VBA code?

The F8 key can be used to debug a VBA program line by line. Also, you have the option of
setting a breakpoint to stop the execution anywhere.

When you press F8, the code will begin to be executed from the beginning and continue until
the conclusion, executing the following line each time. The highlighted line and the yellow
arrow indicate the current point of execution.

10. Provide an illustration of the approximate match.

When there are no exact matches for the provided lookup_value, VLOOKUP will fetch values
to get an approximate match. Set the range_lookup value to TRUE for a rough match. Keep in
mind that for VLOOKUP to do an approximate match, the table must be ordered in ascending
order. In this case, VLOOKUP basically starts by searching for a roughly matching value to the
specified lookup value before stopping at the value that is the next largest. It then enters that
row to return the value from the designated column.

Example:

Choose the target cell, then enter "=".

Deploy VLOOKUP.

Add the lookup value to the list of parameters.

Use TRUE as the range lookup value.

The function will be =VLOOKUP (55, A12: C15, 3, TRUE)

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 IFNA()
The lookup value is 55 and the next largest value near the lookup value that is present in the
first column is 40. Hence, the output is ‘Second Class’.
IFTRAP()

2. How can you fetch the current date in excel?

DATE()

CURRENTDATE()

TODAY()

DD()

3. How can you tell if the Pivot table in excel has been altered or not?

PivotTableUpdate

PivotTableAlter

PivotTableModify

PivotTableChange

4. Is there a keyboard shortcut in Microsoft Excel to add a new sheet to the present
workbook?

Shift + F9

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 Shift + F10

Shift + F12

Shift + F11

5. Is there a keyboard shortcut in MS Excel to view formulae rather than values?

CTRL + `

ALT + `

CTRL + ALT + `

CTRL + SHIFT + F

6. The shortcut combination of keys CTRL + D in excel is used to __.

Open the font format dialog box

Open the format cells dialog box

Move the current cell's value to the cell above

Fill down the selection

7. To calculate compound interest in Excel, you can use the __ function.

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 FV

CI

CP

LM

8. What filter should we employ if we want to analyse the list using a database function or if
there are more than two conditions?

Multiple Condition Filter

Advanced Criteria Filter

Database Condition Filter

None of the above

9. What is the maximum number of users who can open any Excel file at the same time?

64 users

128 users

256 users

512 users

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 10. What keyboard shortcut applies “Wrap Text” to the chosen text?

Ctrl + H + W

Alt + W + H

Alt + H + W

Alt + W

11. Which function in Microsoft Excel is used to eliminate excess spaces from the text?

REMOVE()

TRIM()

TRUNC()

All of the Above

12. Which logical function yields FALSE if all inputs are evaluated as FALSE and TRUE if any
arguments are evaluated as TRUE?

OR

AND

IF

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 ANDIF

13. Which MS Excel function serves to locate text within a string?

FIND()

INDEX()

SEARCH()

STRINGSEARCH()

14. Which symbol in the formula in excel specifies the fixed columns or rows?

15. With which function in excel can many values be matched, and the first match is returned?

IF()

IFS()

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 IIF()

SWITCH()

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