Chapter 8(Sollution)
1. Match the following clauses with their respective functions.
1.ALTER (a).Insert the values in a table Answer.
2.UPDATE (b).Restrictions on columns 1) (d)
3. DELETE (c).Table definition 2) (e)
3) (f)
4.INSERT INTO (d).Change the name of a column 4) (a)
5.CONSTRAINTS (e).Update existing information in a table 5) (b)
6.DESC (f).Delete an existing row from a table 6) (c)
7.CREATE (g).Create a database 7) (g)
2. Choose appropriate answer with respect to the following code snippet.
CREATE TABLE student (
name CHAR(30),
student_id INT,
gender CHAR(1),
PRIMARY KEY (student_id) );
a) What will be the degree of student table?
i) 30 ii) 1 iii) 3 iv) 4
Answer.(iii) is correct
b) What does ‘name’ represent in the above code snippet?
i) a table ii) a row iii) a column iv) a database
Answer.
iii) is correct
c) What is true about the following SQL statement?
Select * FROM student;
i) Displays contents of table ‘student’ ii) Displays column names and contents of table ‘student’
iii) Results in error as improper case has been used iv) Displays only the column names of table ‘student’
Answer.(ii) is correct
d) What will be the output of following query?
INSERT INTO student
VALUES (“Suhana”,109,’F’),
VALUES (“Rivaan”,102,’M’),
VALUES (“Atharv”,103,’M’),
VALUES (“Rishika”,105,’F’),
VALUES (“Garvit”,104,’M’),
VALUES (“Shaurya”,109,’M’);
i) Error ii) No Error iii) Depends on compiler iv) Successful completion of the query
Answer. (i) is correct
The given query will give an error as the correct query is as follow:
INSERT INTO student VALUES(“Suhana”,109,’F’),
(“Rivaan”,102,’M’),
(“Atharv”,103,’M’),
(“Rishika”,105,’F’),
(“Garvit”,104,’M’),
(“Shaurya”,109,’M’);
e) In the following query how many rows will be deleted?
DELETE student WHERE student_id=109;
i) 1 row ii) All the rows where student ID is equal to 109
iii) No row will be deleted iv) 2 rows
Answer. (i) is correct
3. Fill in the blanks:
a) _________________declares that an index in one table is related to that in another table.
i) Primary Key ii) Foreign Key iii) Composite Key iv) Secondary Key
Answer.(ii) is correct
b) The symbol Asterisk (*) in a select query retrieves____________.
i) All data from the table ii) Data of primary key only
Answer.(i) is correct
4.Consider the following MOVIE database and answer the SQL queries based on it.
MovieID MovieName Category ReleaseDate ProductionCost BusinessCost
001 Hindi_Movie Musical 2018-04-23 124500 130000
002 Tamil_Movie Action 2016-05-17 112000 118000
003 English_Movie Horror 2017-08-06 245000 360000
004 Bengali_Movie Adventure 2017-01-04 72000 100000
005 Telugu_Movie Action - 100000 -
006 Punjabi_Movie Comedy - 30500 -
a) Retrieve movies information without mentioning their column names.
Answer. SELECT * FROM MOVIE;
b) List business done by the movies showing only MovieID, MovieName and BusinessCost.
Answer. SELECT MovieID, MovieName, BusinessCost FROM MOVIE;
c) List the different categories of movies.
Answer. SELECT DISTINCT Category from MOVIE;
d) Find the net profit of each movie showing its ID, Name and Net Profit.
Answer. SELECT ID, Name, (BusinessCost-ProductionCost) as Net Profit FROM MOVIE
WHERE ReleaseDate is not NULL;
e) List all movies with ProductionCost greater than 80,000 and less than 1,25,000 showing ID, Name and
ProductionCost.
Answer.
Select ID, MovieName, ProductionCost FROM Movie
WHERE ProductionCost>80000 AND ProductionCost<125000;
f) List all movies which fall in the category of Comedy or Action.
Answer. SELECT MovieName from MOVIE where Category=’Comedy’ OR Category=’Action’;
g) List the movies which have not been released yet.
Answer.
SELECT MovieName from MOVIE where ReleaseDate is NULL;
5. Suppose your school management has decided to conduct cricket matches between students of class XI and
Class XII. Students of each class are asked to join any one of the four teams — Team Titan, Team Rockers,
Team Magnet and Team Hurricane. During summer vacations,various matches will be conducted between
these teams.
Help your sports teacher to do the following:
a) Create a database “Sports”.
Answer. CREATE DATABASE Sports;
b) Create a table “TEAM” with following considerations:
i) It should have a column TeamID for storing an integer value between 1 to 9, which refers to
unique identification of a team.
ii) Each TeamID should have its associated name (TeamName), which should be a string of length not less than
10 characters.
Answer. Create table Team ( TeamID int , TeamName char(10) ) ;
c) Using table level constraint, make TeamID as primary key.
Answer. Alter table Team modify column TeamID int Primary key ;
d) Show the structure of the table TEAM using SQL command.
Answer. Desc Team ;
e) As per the preferences of the students four teams were formed as given below. Insert these four rows in
TEAM table:
Row 1: (1, Team Titan)
Row 2: (2, Team Rockers)
Row 3: (3, Team Magnet)
Row 4: (4, Team Hurricane)
Answer. Insert into Team values (1, Team Titan) ;
(2, Team Rockers) ;
(3, Team Magnet) ;
(4, Team Hurricane) ;
f) Show the contents of the table TEAM.
Answer. Select * from Team ;
g) Now create another table below. MATCH_DETAILS and insert data as shown in table. Choose appropriate
domains and constraints for each attribute.
Answer.
CREATE TABLE MATCH_DETAILS ( MatchID char(2) ,
MatchDate date ,
FirstTeamID int,
SecondTeamID int ,
FirstTeamScore int ,
SecondTeamScore int ) ;
INSERT INTO Match_details VALUES( “M1” , 2018-07-17 , 1 ,2, 90, 86 ) ,
( “M2”, 2018-07-18, 3, 4, 45 , 48 ) ,
( “M3” , 2018-07-19 , 1 , 3 , 78 , 56 ) ,
( “M4” , 2018-07-19 , 2 , 4 , 56 ,67 ) ,
( “M5“ , 2018-07-20 , 1 , 4 , 32, 87 ) ,
( “M6”, 2018-07-21 , 2 , 3 , 67, 51 ) ;
h) Use the foreign key constraint in the MATCH_DETAILS table with reference to TEAM table so that
MATCH_DETAILS table records score of teams existing in the TEAM table only.
Answer.
ALTER TABLE Match_details
ADD FOREIGN KEY ( FirstTeamID ) REFERENCES Team( TeamID );
ALTER TABLE Match_details
ADD FOREIGN KEY ( SecondTeamID ) REFERENCES Team( TeamID )
6. Using the sports database containing two relations (TEAM, MATCH_DETAILS), answer the following
relational algebra queries.
a) Retrieve the MatchID of all those matches where both the teams have scored > 70.
Answer.
SELECT MatchIdD FROM MATCH_DETAILS
WHERE FirstTeamScore > 70 AND SecondTeamScore > 70 ;
b) Retrieve the MatchID of all those matches where FirstTeam has scored < 70 but SecondTeam has
scored > 70.
Answer.
SELECT MatchIdD FROM MATCH_DETAILS
WHERE FirstTeamScore < 70 AND SecondTeamScore > 70 ;
c) Find out the MatchID and date of matches played by Team 1 and won by it.
Answer.
SELECT MatchIdD , MatchDate FROM MATCH_DETAILS
WHERE FirstTeamID = 1 AND FirstTeamScore > SecondTeamScore ;
d) Find out the MatchID of matches played by Team 2 and not won by it.
Answer.
SELECT MatchIdD , MatchDate FROMMATCH_DETAILS
WHERE FirstTeamID = 2 AND FirstTeamScore < SecondTeamScore ;
e) In the TEAM relation, change the name of the relation to T_DATA. Also change the attributes TeamID
and TeamName to T_ID and T_NAME respectively.
Answer.
ALTER TABLE Team RENAME TO T_DATA ;
ALTER TABLE T_DATA CHANGE COLUMN TeamID T_ID int ;
ALTER TABLE T_DATA CHANGE COLUMN TeamName T_Name varchar(25) ;
7. Differentiate between the following commands:
a) ALTER and UPDATE
Answer.
ALTER :- UPDATE :-
i) It is used to change/update the Structure of i) It is used to update/modify the data or records
table. of a table.
ii) It is DDL Command. ii) It is DML Command.
iii) Example :- Alter table Student add column iii) Example :- Update Student set Class = 12 ;
Name char(40);
b) DELETE and DROP
Answer.
DELETE :- DROP :-
i) It is used to delete data of table only. i) It is used to delete database or table from database
ii) It is DML Command. ii) It is DDL Command.
iii) Example :- Delete from Student ; iii) Example :- Drop Table Student.
8. Create a database called STUDENT_PROJECT having the following tables. Choose appropriate data type
and apply necessary constraints.
Table: STUDENT
RollNo Name Stream Section RegistrationID
* The values in Stream column can be either Science, Commerce, or Humanities.
* The values in Section column can be either I or II.
Table: PROJECT_ASSIGNED
RegistrationID ProjectID AssignDate
Table: PROJECT
ProjectID ProjectName SubmissionDate TeamSize GuideTeacher
(a) Populate these tables with appropriate data.
Answer.
CREATE DATABASE STUDENT_PROJECT ;
CREATE TABLE STUDENT ( RollNo int primary key ,
Name char(50),
Stream char(10) ,
Section char(1) ,
RegistrationID char (10)
FOREIGN KEY ( RegistrationID )
REFERENCES PROJECT_ASSIGNED ( RegistrationID ) ) ;
CREATe TABLE PROJECT_ASSIGNED ( RegistrationID char(10) Primary key ,
ProjectID char(10) ,
AssignDate date
FOREIGN KEY ( ProjectID )
REFERENCES Project ( ProjectID ) ) ;
CREATE TABLE Project ( ProjectID char(10 ) Primary key ,
ProjectName char(50) ,
SubmissionDate date ,
TeamSize int ,
GuideTeacher char(50) );
Write SQL queries for the following.
(b) Find the names of students in Science Stream.
Answer.
Select Name from STUDENT where stream = “Science” .
(c) What will be the primary keys of the three tables?
Answer.
RollNo in student table.
RegistrationID in PROJECT_ASSIGNED table .
ProjectID in project table.
(d) What are the foreign keys of the three relations?
Answer.
RegistrationID in student table.
ProjectID in PROJECT_ASSIGNED table.
(e) Finds names of all the students studying in class ‘Commerce stream’ and are guided by same
teacher, even if they are assigned different projects.
Answer.
SELECT name FROM student , PROJECT_ASSIGNED , project
GROUP BY GuideTeacher
HAVING student.RegistrationID = PROJECT_ASSIGNED.RegistrationID
AND PROJECT_ASSIGNED.ProjectID = Project.ProjectID ;
9. An organization ABC maintains a database EMP-DEPENDENT to record the following details about its
employees and their dependents.
EMPLOYEE(AadhaarNo, Name, Address, Department, EmpID)
DEPENDENT(EmpID, DependentName, Relationship)
Use the EMP-DEPENDENT database to answer the following SQL queries:
a) Find the names of employees with their dependent names.
Answer.
SELECT Name , DependentName FROM EMPLOYEE , DEPENDENT
WHERE EMPLOYEE. EmpID = DEPENDENT. EmpID ;
b) Find employee details working in a department, say, ‘PRODUCTION’.
Answer.
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE , DEPENDENT
WHERE EMPLOYEE. EmpID = DEPENDENT. EmpID
AND DependentName = “Production” ;
c) Find employee names having no dependent
Answer.
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE , DEPENDENT
WHERE EMPLOYEE. EmpID = DEPENDENT. EmpID
AND DependentName is null;
d) Find names of employees working in a department, say, ‘SALES’ and having exactly two dependents.
Answer.
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE , DEPENDENT
WHERE EMPLOYEE. EmpID = DEPENDENT. EmpID
AND DependentName = “Sales”
AND Relationship = 2 ;
10. A shop called Wonderful Garments that sells school uniforms maintain a database SCHOOL_UNIFORM
as shown below. It consisted of two relations — UNIFORM and PRICE. They made UniformCode as the
primary key for UNIFORM relation. Further, they used UniformCode and Size as composite keys for PRICE
relation. By analysing the database schema and database state, specify SQL queries to rectify the following
anomalies.
Table: UNIFORM Table: PRICE
UCode UName UColor UCode Size Price
1 Shirt White 1 M 500
2 Pant Grey 1 L 580
3 Skirt Grey 1 XL 620
4 Tie Blue 2 M 810
5 Socks Blue 2 L 890
6 Belt Blue 2 XL 940
3 M 770
3 L 830
3 XL 910
4 S 150
4 L 170
5 S 180
5 L 210
6 M 110
6 L 140
6 XL 160
a) The PRICE relation has an attribute named Price. In order to avoid confusion, write SQL query to
change the name of the relation PRICE to COST.
Answer.
ALTER TABLE PRICE RENAME TO COST ;
b) M/S Wonderful Garments also keeps handkerchiefs of red color, medium size of `100 each. Insert this
record in COST table.
Answer.
INSERT INTO COST VALUES ( 7 , “M” , 100 ) ;
c) When you used the above query to insert data, you were able to enter the values for handkerchief without
entering its details in the UNIFORM relation. Make a provision so that the data can be entered in COST table
only if it is already there in UNIFROM table.
Answer.
We have to make foreign key UCode in COST table . So, we have to write this query :-
ALTER TABLE COST ADD FOREIGN KEY ( UCode )
REFERENCES UNIFORM ( UCode );
d) Further, you should be able to assign a new UCode to an item only if it has a valid UName. Write a query to
add appropriate constraint to the SCHOOL_UNIFORM database.
Answer.
ALTER TABLE UNIFORM MODIFY COLUMN UName char(50) Not Null ;
e) ALTER table to add the constraint that price of an item is always greater than zero.
Answer.
ALTER TABLE COST MODIFY PRICE int check ( PRICE > 0 ) ;
