KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN AHMEDABAD REGION

MATHS CONTENT
CLASS: XI
CHAPTER : TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULA
An angle can be measured in degrees or in radians.
1 radian is an angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an
arcwhose length is equal to the radius of the circle.
radian = 180 degrees
Radian measure = Degree measure
Degree measure = Radian measure
1° =
=
1 radian = 57° approximately
1° = 0.01746 radian approximately
If an arc of length l makes an angle radian at the centre of a
circle of radius r, we have l = r
Signs of trigonometric functions
I II III IV
sin x + + - -
cos x + - - +
tan x + - + -
cosec x + + - -
sec x + - - +
cot x + - + -

Domain and Range of trigonometric functions

Function Domain Range
sin x R [-1, 1]
cos x R [-1, 1]
tan x R R
cosec x R R (-1, 1)
sec x R R (-1, 1)
cot x R R
1.

1.

3.

The values of sin x, cos x, cosec x and sec x repeat after an

interval of 2 .
The values of tan x and cot x repeat after an interval of .
 MCQ
Q1 Value of sin 10° + sin 20° + sin 30° +. .... +sin360° is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 1/ 2

Q2 If sin A = 3 /5 , 0 < A < and cos B = -12/ 13 , < B < , then value
of sin (A B) is
(a) -13/ 82 (b) -15 /65 (c) -13/ 75 (d)- 16 /65

Q3 The large hand of a clock is 42 cm long. How much distance does its
extremity move in 20 minutes?
(a) 88 cm (b) 80 cm (c) 75 cm (d) 77 cm

Q4 The value of tan 20° + 2 tan 50° tan 70° is equal to

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) tan 50° (d) None of these
Q5 If sin x + cos x = 1/5 then tan 2x is
(a) 25 /17 (b) 7 /25 (c) 25 /7 (d) 24/ 7
Q6 Consider the following statements.
I. cot x decreases from 0 to in first quadrant and increases from 0
to in third quadrant.
II. sec x increases from to 1 in second quadrant and decreases
from to 1 in fourth quadrant.
III. cosec x increases from 1 to in second quadrant and decreases
from 1 to in fourth quadrant.
Choose the correct option.
(a) I is incorrect (b) II is incorrect
(c) III is incorrect (d) IV is incorrect
Q7 1 + cos 2x + cos 4x + cos 6x =
(a) 2 cos x cos 2x cos 3x (b) 4 sin x cos 2x cos 3x
(c) 4 cos x cos 2x cos 3x (d) None of these
Q8 The value of sin ( ) is Value of

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5

Q9 The number of solutions sinx=cos x for all x [- ] from graph will be
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
Q10 The value of expression sin A + cosA lies between
(a) 2 and 2 both inclusive (b) 0 and 2 both inclusive
(c) 2 and 2 both inclusive (d) 0 and 2 both inclusive

Q11 If sin + cos T= 1, then sin .cos =

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 1/ 2
Q 12 The degree measure of radian is
(a) 39° (b)39° (c) 39° (d)39°
Q13 If in two circles, arcs of the same length subtend angles 45° and 60°
at Centre, find the ratio of their radii.
(a) 2:3 (b) 2:5 (c) 3:4 (d) 4:3
Q14 Consider the statements given below:
I. sin x is positive in first and second quadrants.
II. cosec x is negative in third and fourth quadrants.
III. tan x and cot x are negative in second and fourth quadrants.
IV. cos x and sec x are positive in first and fourth quadrants. Choose
the correct option.

(a) All are correct (b) Only I and IV are correct

(c) Only III and IV are correct (d) None is correct

Q15 The value of sin( )sin( ) =

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) 1/ 2

Q16 If tanA=1/2 and tanB=1/3,then the value of A+B=

° ° ° °
(a) ) (b) ) (c) ) (d)

Q 17 The value of tan 3A tan 2A tan A is equal to

(a) tan 3A tan 2A tan A
(b) tan 3A tan 2A tan A
(c) tan A tan 2A tan 2A tan 3A tan 3A tan A
(d) None of these
Q 18 The value of t 75° cot 75° is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 2+ (c) 2 (d) 1

Q 19 The value of - =

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) 4

Q 20 If tan A=b/a,then value of acos2A+bsin2A=
(a) -b (b) a (c) -a (d) b

CASE BASED/SOURCE BASED / PASSAGE BASED

Q 21 CASE STUDY -1 :- Trigonometry is the combination of 2 words

means Triangle and means measure. It is a branch
of geometry that studies relationship between lengths and angles of a
triangle. Degree and radian units of measurement of angles are used,
also called Indian system of measurement of triangles. In this system
; =60minuteand 1minute=60 seconds;1 rt angle
= .The length of arc is given by .On the basis of above
information answer the following questions:

(i) 11/36 radians into degree minutes and seconds

(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these

(ii) into degrees will be

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(iii) Find the length of arc made by hand of a clock in 5

minutes having radius 7cm.
(a) (b) (c) (d)

(iv) If the arcs of the same length in two circles subtend angles 65 and
80 at the centre, then the ratio of their radii.

(a)13:16 (b) (c)16:13 (d)

Q 22 CASE STUDY-2-Domain and range of the following trigonometric

functions are given below:-
Based on the following information, answer the following questions:-
Domain and Range of trigonometric functions
Function Domain Range
sin x R [-1, 1]
cos x R [-1, 1]
tan x R R
cosec x R R (-1, 1)
 sec x R R (-1, 1)
cot x R R
(i) Domain of f(x)= is

(a) R (b) R-(2n+1) (c)R-2n (d) R-n

(ii) Domain of f(x)=

(a) R-(4n-1) (b) R-(4n+1) (c)R- (d) R-n

(iii) Range of f(x)= sin2x

(a) [-1,1] (b) (-1,1) (c)[0,1] (d) (-1,0)

(iv) Range of f(x)=sinx+cosx

(a) ( ) (b) [ ] (c) ( (d) ( )

Q 23 CASE STUDY -3: Sine and cosine functions can be used to model
many real life scenarios-radio waves, tides, musicaltones,
electricalsignals. Following are shown the graphs of sine and cosine
curves. Looking to these graphs ,answer the following questions:-
 (i) If we draw line y=1/2,at how many points the graph of sine and
this line intersects between interval [- , ]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(ii) If both sine and cosine curve are drawn on the same graph and on
the same interval[-2 ]
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 8
(iii) The graph of cosine cuts on X axis between (0,2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(iv) At how many points will be sinx= in interval[- , ]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

Q 24 It can be obtained that sin = and cos = .Using these

values,answer the following:

(i)sin +sin is equal to

(a) sin (b) cos (c) sin (d) cos

(ii) cos +cos is equal to

(a) -1 (b) (c) (d)1

(iii) sin -sin is equal to

(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)-1

(iv)tan -tan is equal to

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Q 25 Given cosx=-4/5and siny=5/13,x&y both lie in second quadrant.

Based on the following questions, answer the following:-

(i) The value of sin(x+y)=

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(ii) The value of cos(x+y)=

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(iii) The value of sin(x-y)=

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(iv) The value of cos(x-y)=

(a) (b) (c) (d)
 ASSERTION REASONING
Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and
Reason. Each of these questions also has four alternative choices, only
one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one of the
codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct
explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a correct
explanation for assertion
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Q 26 Assertion : The ratio of the radii of two circles at the centres of which
two equal arcs subtend angles of 30° and 70° is 21 : 10.
Reason : Number of radians in an angle subtended at the centre of a
circle by an arc is equal to the ratio of the length of the arc to the
radius of the circle.
Q 27 Assertion: cosec x is negative in third and fourth quadrants.
Reason : cot x decreases from 0 to in first quadrant and
increases from 0 to in third quadrant
Q 28 Assertion: cos cos
cos
Reason :If a+b+c=0 then + + =3abc
Q 29 Assertion:tan5A-tan3A-tan2A=tan5Atan3Atan2A
Reason :x=y+z tanx-tany-tanz=tanxtanytanz.
Q 30 Assertion:The maximum value of sinx+cosx is 2
Reason :The maximum value of sinx is 1 and maximum value cos is 1

VERY SHORT
Q 31 If sin (A+B)=m and sin(A-B)=n then find B- A
Q 32 If the arcs of the same lengths in two circles subtend angles 65° and
110° at the centre, find the ratio of their radii
Q 33 If tan(A B) = 1, sec(A + B) = the smallest positive value of B

Q 34 Find the value of 75- 15

Q 35 Evaluate : cosec20-sec20
Q 36 Find the value of cos( -x)- cos( +x)

Q 37 Evaluate: sin + sin

Q 38 Evaluate : 2cos + +

Q 39 Evaluate the value of sin

Q 40 Find the value of k if tanA-cotA=k cot2A
Q 41 Convert 1 radian in degree,minute and seconds
Q 42 Convert into radian measure
Q 43 In a circle of diameter 56cm,the length of the chord is 28 cm,find the
length of the minor arc.
Q 44 A wheel makes 540 revolutions in one minute. Through how many
radians does it turn in 12 seconds.
Q 45 Find the value of 2 sin75° sin15°.
Q 46 Find a if sin(-420°) cos390° + cos(-660°) sin330° = - a
Q 47 If sinx + cosec x= 2, then find sin8x + cosec8x
Q 48 What will be the domain and range of f(x)=

Q 49 Evaluate the value of sin(-1140)+cos(-450)

Q 50 Find the value oftan15°. tan45° tan75°

SHORT QUESTIONS
Q 51 If x=ycos =zcos ,then find the value of xy+yz+zx

Q 52 Prove that sin(45+A) sin(45-A)=

Q 53 Prove that : cot x cot 2x cot 2x cot 3x cot 3x cot x=1

Q 54 If A + B = 45°, then (cot A 1) (cot B 1) is equal
Q 55 Find if tan x = - , x lies in the 2nd quadrant

Q 56 Evaluate: sin

Q 57 If tan( ) - tan( )=k tan2 ,find k

Q 58 Evaluate: cos cos cos

Q 59 Prove that: =cot

Q 60 Evaluate: sin .sin .sin

Q 61 Evaluate the value of tan2A if sinA=-3/5
Q 62 Evaluate the value of sin -cos
Q 63 Prove that: =tanA

Q 64 If =k tanA,find k
Q 65
Evaluate the value of (sin3x+sinx)sinx+(cos3x-cosx) cosx
Q 66 The railway train is travelling on a circular curve of 1500 metres
radius at the rate of 66km/hr.Through what angle it has turned in10
seconds.
Q 67 Evaluate:

Q 68 If sinA=-3/5 and A lies in 3rd Quadrant and cosB= 12/13 and B lies in
4th Quadrant ,then find the value of tan (A+B)
Q 69 In any cyclic quadrilateral ABCD,prove that
cosA+ cosB+ cosC +cosD=0
Q 70 Show that tan 3x tan 2x tan x = tan 3x tan 2x tan x.

LONG QUESTIONS
Q 71 Prove that :(1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )=1/8

Q 72 Prove that : + =3/2

Q 73 Prove that : sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80=3/16

Q 74 Prove that: =3/2
Q 74 Prove that : =tan(A+B)

Q 75 Prove that : =cot4A

Q 76
Prove that : =2cosA

Q 77 Prove that : sin4A=4sinA

Q 78 If A+B+C= then prove that:
tan tan =1

Q 79 Prove that is independent

of .
Q 80 Sketch the graph of cos2x and cos(2x- )
 SOLUTIONS:- MCQs

1.b 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.d

6.a 7.c 8.b 9.b 10.c
11.a 12.a 13.d 14.a 15.c
16.a 17.a 18.a 19.d 20.b

21.CASE (i)c (ii)b (iii)b (iv)c

STUDY-1
22. CASE (i)b (ii)a (iii)a (iv)b
STUDY-2
23.CASE (i)c (ii)a (iii)c (iv)a
STUDY-3
24.CASE (i)d (ii)b (iii)c (iv)d
STUDY-4
25.CASE (i)a (ii)b (iii)c (iv)d
STUDY-5

ASSERTION AND REASON:-

26. d 27. c 28. a 29. a 30. d

VERY SHORT QUESTIONS:-

31. 32. 22:13 33. 34.0 35.4

36. sinx 37. 38.0 39. 40. k=-2
° ' ''
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.1/2
216
46.a=1 47.2 48. Domain-R 49.0 50.1
Range-[-1,1]

SHORT QUESTIONS:-

51. x=ycos =z cos

= = =k(let)
x=k;y=-2k;z=-2k
Now xy+yz+zx
=(k).(-2k)+(-2k)(-2k)+(-2k)(k)
=-2 +4 -2
=0

52. sin(A+B)sin(A-B)= A- B
sin(45+A)sin(45-A)= 45- A
= - A
 =
=

53. cot x cot 2x cot 2x cot 3x cot 3x cot x

We have 3x = x + 2x
cot 3x = cot (x + 2x)
cot3x= By cross multiplication cot 3x (cot x + cot 2x) = cot x cot 2x 1
cot x cot 3x + cot 2x cot 3x =cos x cot 2x 1
cos x cot 2x cot 2x cot 3x cot 3x cot x = 1

54. cot(A+B)=cot45
cot(A+B)=1
=1
cotB+cotA=cotAcotB-1
=
= (cotA-1)(cotB-1)=0

55. If x lies in second Quadrant ,then x/2 is lies in first Quadrant.

tanx=-3/4 ,then cosx=-4/5
sin = ; co s =

sin = = and co =
s =
tan = =3

56.
sin =

57. tan( )-tan( )= ] [

= ] [
=2tan2
k=2

58. cos cos cos

Divide and multiply with 2 sin
= [cos cos cos ]
 =
Divide and multiply by2

= ]

=
Again divide and multiply2

=
u

=
=

59.
=

=cot

60. sin .sin .sin

Divide and multiply by 2
= 1/2(2sin .sin .sin
= (cos(12-48)-COS(12+48)}sin54
= (COS36-cos60)cos36
=
=
=
=4/32
=1/8

61. . tan2A=
=

62. sin75-cos75
=sin75-sin15=2cos sin
=2cos45sin30
=2.
=
63.

=
=tanA

64. =
=
=
=tanA

65. sin3x+sinx)sinx+(cos3x-cosx) cosx

=2sin cos cosx
=2sin2xcosxsinx-2sin2xsinxcosx
=0

66. Speed=66km/hr=66x5/18=55/3m/sec
Therefore distance travelled in 10 seconds=550/3m
=
=
=

67. =

=
=1
68. sinA=-3/5and cosB=12/13
= tanA=3/4;tanB=-5/12
tan(A+B)=
=place the values ,we get 16/63
69. A+C= (Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary)
. A=
.cos A= -C)
.cosA=-cosC
cosA+cosC=0
Similarly
.cosB+cosD=0
=cosA+cosB+cosC+cosD=0
70. tan3x=tan(2x+x)
. tan3x=
. tan3x-tanx-tan2x=tanx.tan2x.tan3x
 LONG QUESTIONS

71. :(1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )
=(1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )( 1+ )
=:(1+ )( 1- )( 1- )( 1+ )
=:(1- )( 1- )
= .

=( )( )

=( )
= )

= =1/8

72. +
= +
= +
= +

=2 +2

=2
=2 2
=2{ }
= }
{
(3+3)
=
=3/2

73. sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80
=1/2{2 sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80}
=1/2[{cos(40-20)-cos(40+2 80]
0)} sin
= [{cos20-cos60}sin80]
=
= ]
=
=
= 100 - sin80]
[sin +
= 80-sin80
[sin + ]
=3/16
74. =

=
=
=tan(A+B)

75. =

=
=

=
=cot4A

76.
=

=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=2cosA

77. sin4A=2sin2Acos2A
=2(2sinAcosA)( )
=4sinA -4cosA

78. A+B+C=
+ + =
 + =
)=
+
=

.
.

79. = a a a
= a a a a
= a a a a
a
= a a a a
a a a
= a a a a
a a a
= a a a
= a a a
=1-2 a =cos2a=independent

80. Draw appropriate graphs.