Textile Testing and Quality Control

Prepared by:
Habibur Rahman
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engineering
Ref. Book:
1. Physical testing of textiles- B.P. Saville
2. Principle of Textile Testing- J E Booth
3. A practical guide to Textile Testing- K. Amutha
4. Advanced textile testing technique- Sheraz Ahmed
What is textile???
 Testing
Definition: Testing is the systematic process or procedure to determine the quality of
a product. Or, Testing can be defined as the methods or protocols adopted to
verify/determine the properties of a product according to standards.

Example: Fiber testing, Yarn testing, Fabric Testing etc….

 Testing
Textile testing: Textile testing is key in gauging product quality (such as
fiber, yarn, fabric), ensuring regulatory compliance, and assessing the
performance of textile materials.
1. It is a vital basic tool when processing a textile raw material into the
product.
2. It also helps the distributors and consumers determine the end
product's quality.
3. It can include the analysis of the property of a known or unknown
material.
So, textile testing refers to the procedures adopted to determine quality
throughout the textile product chain (textile fibers, yarn materials, etc.).
 The Objectives of testing:
 Checking the raw materials: Ensure the material is correct so that the quality of
the final products meets the requirements
 Monitoring production: Involves testing samples taken from the production line
to maintain certain specified properties of the products
 Process control: Defining optimum process parameters.
 Product development and research: to bring or cope with modified materials or
different methods of production before anyone else
 Investigation of faulty materials: to discover faulty materials at final inspection or
customer complaints and eliminate faulty production in the future, resulting in
better quality products.
 Assessing the final product
 Textile Testing
The Objectives of Textile Testing:
• To check the quality and suitability of raw material: Testing helps in the selection of the
best possible raw materials.
• Testing helps in the process control through the use of advanced textile process-control
techniques.
• To monitor the production (process control)
• To assess the quality of the final product
• To investigate the faulty materials
• To set standards or benchmarks
• For R&D (research and development), testing results aid the development of new
products or new processes, which can save money and resources before production
starts on an industrial scale.
• For new product development
 Importance of textile testing
• Research work: Testing of the textiles helps the authority to decide the
next route.
• Process control: Certain standard levels should be maintained to control
the increase of waste, rise of cost, etc. By textile testing, we can easily
detect the faults of machinery and materials.
• Ensures quality control across the entire textile supply chain from raw fiber
to finished product
• Selection of Raw Materials: Guides the selection of proper raw materials
to achieve the desired end-product quality
• Maintains production standards to reduce waste, minimize costs, and
improve efficiency.
• .Specification test: To meet the customer’s requirements, a specification is
very useful.
Importance of Textile testing
• Supports the development of improved, faster, and less costly
production protocols.
• Ensures consumer satisfaction by delivering products according to
specifications and shifting lead time.
• Helps trace the root cause of faults to prevent recurrence in future
consignments.
• Assists research and development in product improvement and
process optimization.
• Enables production monitoring and sustains product properties
within tolerance limits
 Quality
Quality: The term quality refers to the excellence of a product. The degree
to which a textile product meets predefined requirements and specifications.
When we say the quality of a product is good. We mean that the product is
good for the purpose for which it has been made.
• Dimensions of Quality:
1. Performance
2. Precise Quality
3. Serviceability
4. Durability
5. Features Reliability
6. Conformance meeting of a certain design structure determined by the
producer
7. Aesthetics
 Quality
• Control: To check or verify and hence to regulate.
• Quality control: Quality control is the systematic and regular
control of the variable that affects the quality of a product. It is the
checking, verification and regulation of the degree of excellence of an
attribute or property of something.
• or, It is a process by which entities review the quality of all products in
an industry. It refers to ways of ensuring the quality of a service or
product. Quality control is a system for verifying and maintaining a
desired level of quality in an existing product or service by careful
planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and
corrective action as required.
• Testing is governed by 5M,
which are: • Man • Material • Machine • Method and • Measurement
The Objectives of quality control:
To fulfill the customer demands.
To reduce the production cost.
 To reduce wastage.
To earn maximum profit at minimum cost.
To establish the desired quality standards which are acceptable
to the customers.
To discover flaws or variations in the raw materials and the
manufacturing processes to ensure smooth and uninterrupted
production.
 The Objectives of quality control
To evaluate the methods and processes of production and suggest
further improvements in their functioning.
To study and determine the extent of quality deviation in a product
during the manufacturing process.
To analyze in detail the causes responsible for such deviation.
To undertake such steps which are helpful in achieving the desired
quality of the product.
The Importance of Textile Testing:
• To ensure product quality
• To control the manufacturing process
• For customer satisfaction and retention
• Good reputation (brand image) among consumers
 Important factors or formula
𝑥1+𝑥2+𝑥3+𝑥4+⋯….+𝑋𝑛
• Arithmatic mean=
𝑛

∑ 𝑋−𝑋𝑖 2
• 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑆𝐷 = √
𝑛−1

𝑆𝐷
𝐶𝑜 − 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝐶𝑉% = ×100%
𝑋
Testing methods (sources of testing standards): Testing is done
primarily to test the quality and there are different ways to carry out a
test. Sometimes, different principles and instruments may be
employed to test a single criterion. Hence it is important to
standardize the testing methods or procedures. Various national and
international organizations have established standards for textile
testing. Some of the organizations involved in developing textile
testing standards are as follows: AATCC - American Association of
Textile Chemists and Colorists, ASTM - American Society for Testing
and Materials, ANSI- American National Standards Institute ISO -
International Organization for Standardization BSI - British Standards
Institute