Section A: Basics of Cloud Computing (20 MCQs)

1. What is Cloud Computing?

A. Using a remote server to store data only
B. Delivering hosted services over the internet
C. Connecting local systems through VPN
D. None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation: Cloud computing is about delivering services like storage, processing,
and applications over the internet.
2. Which of the following is a major characteristic of cloud computing?
A. Manual scalability
B. Limited network access
C. On-demand self-service
D. Platform dependency
Answer: C
Explanation: Users can provision resources without human interaction with the
provider.
3. Which of the following best describes cloud elasticity?
A. Ability to move data easily
B. Ability to scale resources up or down quickly
C. Keeping systems offline for maintenance
D. Resource reservation in advance
Answer: B
4. Which deployment model shares resources among multiple tenants?
A. Private cloud
B. Community cloud
C. Public cloud
D. Hybrid cloud
Answer: C
Explanation: Public cloud is shared by multiple organizations/tenants.
5. Which deployment model provides the highest level of control and security?
A. Public cloud
B. Private cloud
C. Hybrid cloud
D. Community cloud
Answer: B
6. What does "resource pooling" mean in cloud computing?
A. Fixed resource allocation to users
B. All users get identical resources
C. Resources are dynamically assigned and reassigned
D. No resource sharing is allowed
Answer: C
7. Which of the following is NOT a service model in cloud computing?
A. SaaS
B. IaaS
C. NaaS
D. PaaS
Answer: C
 Explanation: NaaS (Network as a Service) is less common and not a core model like
SaaS, PaaS, IaaS.
8. Who is responsible for managing the infrastructure in IaaS?
A. Customer
B. Cloud provider
C. Both
D. Government
Answer: B
9. Which of these is an example of SaaS?
A. Google Docs
B. Amazon EC2
C. Microsoft Azure
D. Docker
Answer: A
10. Which layer of cloud model deals with application hosting?
A. IaaS
B. PaaS
C. SaaS
D. DBaaS
Answer: C
11. Which of the following is a benefit of cloud computing?
A. High upfront cost
B. Manual resource management
C. Faster time to market
D. Hardware dependence
Answer: C
12. Cloud computing enables ______.
A. Fixed bandwidth systems
B. Elastic and measured services
C. High latency environments
D. Local-only data access
Answer: B
13. Which of these is an example of IaaS?
A. Heroku
B. Google Docs
C. Microsoft Azure Virtual Machines
D. Gmail
Answer: C
14. Which of the following allows software developers to build applications without
managing the underlying hardware?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: B
15. Which cloud deployment model integrates both private and public clouds?
A. Full cloud
B. Hybrid cloud
C. Personal cloud
 D. Partnered cloud
Answer: B
16. The pricing model in cloud computing is typically ______.
A. One-time fee
B. Subscription-based or pay-as-you-go
C. Fixed contract model only
D. Completely free
Answer: B
17. Which of the following is not a typical feature of cloud computing?
A. Rapid elasticity
B. Resource pooling
C. Limited scalability
D. On-demand self-service
Answer: C
18. Which cloud model is best for businesses needing complete control over their
environment?
A. Public cloud
B. Hybrid cloud
C. Private cloud
D. Multi-cloud
Answer: C
19. Which standard defines cloud computing architecture?
A. IEEE 802.11
B. ITIL v3
C. NIST 800-145
D. ISO 27001
Answer: C
Explanation: NIST 800-145 defines cloud computing concepts and models.
20. What is the major risk associated with public cloud?
A. Higher cost
B. Vendor lock-in
C. Limited performance
D. Security concerns
Answer: D

✅ Section A complete: 20 MCQs with answers and explanations.

Shall I move to Section B: Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) next?

Section B: Cloud Service Models – IaaS, PaaS, SaaS (15 MCQs)

1. Which cloud model provides virtual machines, storage, and networks?

A. SaaS
B. IaaS
C. PaaS
D. DBaaS
Answer: B
2. Which model provides a platform for developers to build apps without managing
infrastructure?
A. IaaS
B. SaaS
C. PaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: C
3. Which cloud service model is Gmail an example of?
A. IaaS
B. PaaS
C. SaaS
D. None of these
Answer: C
4. In which model do users control OS, storage, and apps but not the hardware?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: C
5. Which service model best fits a company needing email, calendar, and word
processing tools via browser?
A. SaaS
B. IaaS
C. PaaS
D. DRaaS
Answer: A
6. Which of these is a PaaS provider?
A. Salesforce Heroku
B. Microsoft Word
C. Oracle VirtualBox
D. Dropbox
Answer: A
7. Which model offers the highest control and flexibility to customers?
A. IaaS
B. SaaS
C. PaaS
D. NaaS
Answer: A
8. Which of the following is NOT true about SaaS?
A. Users install software locally
B. It is managed by provider
C. Access via internet/browser
D. Upgrades handled by provider
Answer: A
9. Google App Engine is an example of which model?
A. IaaS
B. PaaS
C. SaaS
D. DBaaS
Answer: B
 10. Which model suits startups needing cost-effective and scalable development
environment?
A. SaaS
B. IaaS
C. PaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: C
11. Which model abstracts away the OS and lets users focus on app code?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Hybrid
Answer: B
12. Which of these is an advantage of SaaS?
A. Full infrastructure control
B. Requires local installation
C. Easy to scale and update
D. Needs dedicated IT team
Answer: C
13. Which service model is best for hosting websites and virtual servers?
A. SaaS
B. DBaaS
C. PaaS
D. IaaS
Answer: D
14. Which of the following models best helps developers focus only on coding logic?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: B
15. Which service model is used for cloud-based CRM like Salesforce?
A. IaaS
B. PaaS
C. SaaS
D. DaaS
Answer: C

Section C: Cloud Deployment Models (10 MCQs)

1. Which model uses services from third-party providers over the internet?
A. Private cloud
B. Public cloud
C. Hybrid cloud
D. Community cloud
Answer: B
2. Which cloud model is hosted and managed internally for one organization?
A. Public cloud
 B. Private cloud
C. Hybrid cloud
D. Multi-cloud
Answer: B
3. Which model allows both on-premise and cloud-based services?
A. Hybrid cloud
B. Private cloud
C. Community cloud
D. Shared cloud
Answer: A
4. Which deployment model is used when many organizations share infrastructure
for a common concern (e.g. healthcare)?
A. Public cloud
B. Private cloud
C. Hybrid cloud
D. Community cloud
Answer: D
5. Which model gives users most control over infrastructure and data?
A. Public cloud
B. Hybrid cloud
C. Private cloud
D. Shared cloud
Answer: C
6. Which deployment model involves outsourcing IT services entirely?
A. Private cloud
B. Public cloud
C. Community cloud
D. On-premise cloud
Answer: B
7. Which model provides both secure local control and scalability of public
services?
A. Hybrid cloud
B. Public cloud
C. Private cloud
D. Multi-tenant cloud
Answer: A
8. Government-run cloud for multiple agencies is an example of:
A. Private cloud
B. Community cloud
C. Public cloud
D. Multi-cloud
Answer: B
9. Which deployment model may use a VPN for private access to cloud resources?
A. Public cloud
B. Private cloud
C. Community cloud
D. Hybrid cloud
Answer: D
10. Which model combines services from different vendors for specific tasks?
A. Public cloud
 B. Community cloud
C. Multi-cloud
D. Hybrid cloud
Answer: C

Section D: Cloud Security and Privacy (20 MCQs)

1. Which of the following is a major security concern in cloud computing?

a) Limited scalability
b) Lack of automation
c) Data breaches
d) Vendor support
Answer: c) Data breaches
Explanation: Security and privacy of data are top concerns in cloud computing.
2. What does the Shared Responsibility Model imply?
a) Only the customer is responsible for security
b) Only the provider is responsible for security
c) Both customer and provider have security responsibilities
d) There is no defined responsibility
Answer: c) Both customer and provider have security responsibilities
Explanation: Providers manage infrastructure security while customers secure apps
and data.
3. Which standard is related to cloud data privacy in Europe?
a) HIPAA
b) GDPR
c) PCI DSS
d) ISO 9001
Answer: b) GDPR
Explanation: GDPR regulates data protection and privacy in the EU.
4. Encryption of data during transmission is referred to as:
a) Static encryption
b) Encryption at rest
c) Encryption in transit
d) Encapsulation
Answer: c) Encryption in transit
Explanation: Data is encrypted while moving between systems.
5. Which of these ensures that data is not altered without authorization?
a) Confidentiality
b) Availability
c) Integrity
d) Redundancy
Answer: c) Integrity
6. A firewall placed at the cloud perimeter is known as:
a) IDS
b) Web proxy
c) Perimeter firewall
d) Reverse proxy
Answer: c) Perimeter firewall
7. What is Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)?
a) Using more than one cloud service
 b) Authentication using multiple data centers
c) Authentication using two or more verification methods
d) Using multi-cloud deployment
Answer: c) Authentication using two or more verification methods
8. Which security model uses roles and permissions?
a) MAC
b) DAC
c) RBAC
d) ABAC
Answer: c) RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
9. What is a honeypot in cloud security?
a) A type of data center
b) A data encryption method
c) A trap set to detect unauthorized access
d) An API protocol
Answer: c) A trap set to detect unauthorized access
10. Which tool is used for intrusion detection in cloud?
a) Wireshark
b) Snort
c) MongoDB
d) Docker
Answer: b) Snort
11. Which is a compliance standard for healthcare data?
a) GDPR
b) HIPAA
c) ISO 9001
d) COBIT
Answer: b) HIPAA
12. What is data tokenization?
a) Encrypting metadata
b) Replacing sensitive data with unique identifiers
c) Removing headers from packets
d) Virtualizing data
Answer: b) Replacing sensitive data with unique identifiers
13. Which technology is commonly used to secure APIs?
a) TLS
b) IPsec
c) MAC address filtering
d) Ping
Answer: a) TLS
14. DDoS attacks are mitigated by:
a) Virtualization
b) Load balancing and firewalls
c) Docker
d) Tokenization
Answer: b) Load balancing and firewalls
15. The goal of availability in cloud security is to:
a) Prevent data leaks
b) Ensure service uptime
c) Limit access rights
 d) Reduce costs
Answer: b) Ensure service uptime
16. What is vendor lock-in risk?
a) Users can't switch providers easily
b) Providers go out of business
c) Data is encrypted by users
d) Multi-cloud support is mandatory
Answer: a) Users can't switch providers easily
17. Which cloud model is most secure by default?
a) Public
b) Private
c) Hybrid
d) Multi-cloud
Answer: b) Private
18. What is a Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB)?
a) Physical firewall
b) Load balancer
c) Security policy enforcement point
d) DNS monitor
Answer: c) Security policy enforcement point
19. Which protocol ensures secure web communication?
a) HTTP
b) FTP
c) HTTPS
d) SNMP
Answer: c) HTTPS
20. What is Zero Trust architecture?
a) Trusted perimeter network
b) Trust all internal users
c) Never trust, always verify
d) Decentralized trust model
Answer: c) Never trust, always verify

Section E: Virtualization, Containers, and Serverless (15 MCQs)

1. What is virtualization?
a) Using AI in cloud
b) Creating a software-based version of hardware
c) Encrypting data
d) Using multiple networks
Answer: b) Creating a software-based version of hardware
2. Which of the following is a Type-1 Hypervisor?
a) VirtualBox
b) VMware Workstation
c) Microsoft Hyper-V (native mode)
d) QEMU
Answer: c) Microsoft Hyper-V (native mode)
3. Which is an example of a containerization platform?
a) VMware
b) VirtualBox
c) Docker
d) AWS EC2
Answer: c) Docker
4. Kubernetes is used for:
a) Encrypting containers
b) Managing container orchestration
c) Building servers
d) Monitoring IoT devices
Answer: b) Managing container orchestration
5. Serverless computing means:
a) No hardware involved
b) Developers manage servers
c) Cloud provider manages the infrastructure
d) Everything runs on-premise
Answer: c) Cloud provider manages the infrastructure
6. What is an example of serverless technology?
a) AWS Lambda
b) Azure Blob Storage
c) EC2 Instance
d) CloudFront
Answer: a) AWS Lambda
7. In virtualization, the software layer between hardware and OS is:
a) Firewall
b) Container
c) Hypervisor
d) Switch
Answer: c) Hypervisor
8. Which is a benefit of containers over VMs?
a) Higher OS security
b) Better UI
c) Lightweight and fast startup
d) Lower code quality
Answer: c) Lightweight and fast startup
9. Which format does Docker use for packaging?
a) .exe
b) .jar
c) Dockerfile
d) .bat
Answer: c) Dockerfile
10. In serverless, billing is mostly:
a) Monthly
b) Time-based
c) Request/event-based
d) Fixed
Answer: c) Request/event-based
11. What is a function-as-a-service (FaaS)?
a) Web hosting
 b) Serverless execution of functions
c) Firewall management
d) Managing VMs
Answer: b) Serverless execution of functions
12. Containers share the host OS but are:
a) Non-portable
b) Completely isolated
c) Heavyweight
d) Bound to VMs
Answer: b) Completely isolated
13. VM snapshot is used to:
a) Compress the image
b) Backup the state of the VM
c) Encrypt user data
d) Resize storage
Answer: b) Backup the state of the VM
14. Which of these manages multiple containers in production?
a) Azure Blob
b) AWS Lambda
c) Kubernetes
d) EC2
Answer: c) Kubernetes
15. Containers typically use:
a) Kernel sharing
b) Hardware emulation
c) VPN tunneling
d) Encrypted USB
Answer: a) Kernel sharing
16. 1. Which AWS service is used for object storage?
A) EC2
B) RDS
C) S3
D) Lambda
✅ Answer: C) S3
🧠 Explanation: S3 (Simple Storage Service) is used for storing objects like files,
images, backups.
17.

18. 2. Azure’s equivalent of AWS EC2 is:

A) Blob Storage
B) Azure Functions
C) Virtual Machines
D) App Services
✅ Answer: C) Virtual Machines
🧠 Explanation: Azure Virtual Machines provide scalable compute like AWS EC2.
19.

20. 3. Which GCP service provides serverless compute?

A) Cloud Functions
B) Compute Engine
 C) BigQuery
D) App Engine
✅ Answer: A) Cloud Functions
🧠 Explanation: Cloud Functions is GCP's serverless function execution service.
21.

22. 4. What is IAM in cloud platforms?

A) Internal Access Manager
B) Identity and Access Management
C) Internet Application Module
D) Infrastructure Alert Monitor
✅ Answer: B) Identity and Access Management
🧠 Explanation: IAM handles users, roles, and permissions securely.
23.

24. 5. Which AWS service helps distribute traffic globally and improve latency?
A) Route 53
B) Lambda
C) S3
D) RDS
✅ Answer: A) Route 53
🧠 Explanation: Route 53 is AWS's DNS and routing service.
25.

26. 6. Which service provides SQL databases in Azure?

A) Azure Cosmos DB
B) Azure Blob Storage
C) Azure SQL Database
D) Azure Data Lake
✅ Answer: C) Azure SQL Database
27.

28. 7. GCP’s cloud storage service is called:

A) GCS
B) GSP
C) GDS
D) GVM
✅ Answer: A) GCS (Google Cloud Storage)
29.

30. 8. AWS pricing model is mostly:

A) Subscription-based
B) Pay-as-you-go
C) Annual
D) Free
✅ Answer: B) Pay-as-you-go
31.

32. 9. Which cloud provider offers CloudShell for quick CLI-based access?
A) AWS
 B) Azure
C) GCP
D) All of the above
✅ Answer: D) All of the above
33.

34. 10. What is CloudFormation in AWS?

A) Cost monitor
B) Automation and template tool
C) Database service
D) Virtualization manager
✅ Answer: B) Automation and template tool
35.

36. 11. Azure Resource Manager (ARM) is used for:

A) Server security
B) Budgeting
C) Resource deployment and management
D) Identity management
✅ Answer: C) Resource deployment and management
37.

38. 12. Which service is used to manage container clusters in GCP?

A) Cloud Run
B) Cloud Build
C) GKE (Google Kubernetes Engine)
D) App Engine
✅ Answer: C) GKE
39.

40. 13. AWS’s serverless offering for event-driven code is:

A) AWS CodeBuild
B) Lambda
C) EC2
D) Batch
✅ Answer: B) Lambda
41.

42. 14. GCP BigQuery is used for:

A) File upload
B) Image editing
C) SQL-based data analysis
D) DNS resolution
✅ Answer: C) SQL-based data analysis
43.

44. 15. Azure Blob Storage is primarily for:

A) Object Storage
B) Table Storage
C) Messaging
 D) Web hosting only
✅ Answer: A) Object Storage
45.

46.

47.✅ Section G: Advanced Cloud Scenarios – 10 MCQs

48. 1. Which is the first step in cloud migration strategy?
A) Optimization
B) Discovery & Assessment
C) Billing setup
D) Auto-scaling
✅ Answer: B) Discovery & Assessment
🧠 Explanation: Identify workloads, dependencies, and costs before migrating.
49.

50. 2. What’s the main challenge in hybrid cloud deployments?

A) Cost
B) Security & Integration
C) Documentation
D) DNS setup
✅ Answer: B) Security & Integration
51.

52. 3. In disaster recovery, RPO stands for:

A) Remote Protocol Optimization
B) Recovery Point Objective
C) Regional Processing Output
D) Redundant Process Operation
✅ Answer: B) Recovery Point Objective
53.

54. 4. A company wants to avoid vendor lock-in. What should they choose?
A) Private cloud
B) Multi-cloud strategy
C) IaaS only
D) Serverless
✅ Answer: B) Multi-cloud strategy
55.

56. 5. What is an effective way to reduce cloud costs?

A) Reserve unused VMs
B) Use static IPs only
C) Right-sizing instances
D) Increase redundancy
✅ Answer: C) Right-sizing instances
57.

58. 6. What feature allows autoscaling in AWS based on demand?

A) Route 53
 B) EC2
C) Elastic Load Balancer
D) Auto Scaling Group
✅ Answer: D) Auto Scaling Group
59.

60. 7. In cloud architecture, what ensures HA (High Availability)?

A) Logging services
B) Multi-region deployment
C) Static IP
D) IAM
✅ Answer: B) Multi-region deployment
61.

62. 8. What is the benefit of using CDN with cloud services?

A) Authentication
B) Faster content delivery
C) Cheaper storage
D) Lower compute time
✅ Answer: B) Faster content delivery
63.

64. 9. Which is used for Continuous Deployment in cloud DevOps?

A) AutoML
B) Cloud Functions
C) Jenkins/AWS CodeDeploy
D) BigQuery
✅ Answer: C) Jenkins/AWS CodeDeploy
65.

66. 10. Which technique supports infrastructure as code?

A) SSH
B) Cloud Shell
C) Terraform/CloudFormation
D) SQL
✅ Answer: C) Terraform/CloudFormation