Project
Project
HEAD
1
TELANGANA – 500001
2022 – 2025
DECLARATION
I here by declare that this Project Work entitled “A STUDY ON LATEST TECH TRENDS
IN FINANCIAL SECTOR” submitted by me to the Department of Business Management,
NIZAM COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), Osmania University, Hyderabad, is a Bonafide
work undertaken by me and it is not submitted to any other University or Institution for the
award of any degree/diploma certificate or published any time before.
2
DATE: K.VARUN KUMAR
3
Re-accredited by NAAC with “A
CERTIFICATION
by our student KARUPAKULA VARUN KUMAR bearing Hall Ticket No: 1009-
22-145-009 towards the partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of
4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful to Rolls Royce Motor Cars Limited for giving me the opportunity to do project
entitled “A STUDY ON LATEST TECH TRENDS IN FINANCIAL SECTOR” under
whose guidance this project resulted as success.
I express my gratitude to PROF.A.V.RAJASHEKAR Principal, Nizam College
(Autonomous).
I thank DR.S.RENUKA Vice-Principal, Nizam College (Autonomous).
I am very much thankful to DR.B.THIRUPATHI Head, Department of Business
Management, Nizam College (Autonomous).
I am Thankful to my esteemed guide DR.B.THIRUPATHI, Department of Business
Management. I thank DR.B.THIRUPATHI for the freedom he had given me in selecting
my
area of study and for correcting various documents of mine with attention and care.
I express my gratitude towards DR.B.MADHAVI, Ms.A.LAKSHMI,
Ms.A.SWATHI,
Ms.N.PRAVALIKA, Ms.A.ASWINI, Ms.HEENA KAUSAR,
Ms.E.R.GAYATRI,
DR.K.SIRISHA, DR.D.SRIDEVI, Mr.NIVAS of Department of Business
Management,
Nizam College (Autonomous) for their support and encouragement.
Finally, I wish to express my gratitude and thanks to all those who have directly or indirectly
helped in collection of required information for preparing the project report.
5
DATE:
Signature of the Student
K.VARUN KUMAR
6
ABSTRACT
Technological innovation and digitalization have posed a financial sector globally. It’s been a
tumultuous year for the financial sector. Many of them have seen traditional models of
working and business disrupted by the ongoing covid-19 pandemic, the fast-changing
technology landscape, and a new breed of agile, tech-driven start-ups.
The latest technological trends in financial sector are Mobile Banking, Agile and Adaptive
Banking, Open Banking and Embedded Finance, Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning,
BNPL – Buy Now Pay Later, Distributed Ledger Technology, Regulatory technology,
Financial super apps, Meta-verse in finance, Blockchain, Hyper automated banking with
Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Digital payments, enhanced security and fraud
mitigation, Chatbots and AI.
The latest tech trends in the financial sector have made the work easy for the employees. It
was verified that there is a growing and dynamic interest in scientific activity on financial
technologies at an international level. The findings obtained are a complement to the
knowledge of financial technologies and allow the relationship between science and
technology to be established, and to inform the decision-making process.
Blockchain, AI or machine learning and numerous more financial technologies that will help
them in long -term are the technologies that are improving financial businesses.
KEYWORDS: Mobile banking, Agile and Adaptive Banking, Open Banking and Embedded
Finance, Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning, BNPL – Buy Now Pay Later,
Distributed Ledger Technology, Regulatory technology, Financial super apps, Meta-verse in
finance, Blockchain, Hyper automated banking with Robotic Process Automation (RPA).
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
CHAPTER-II
15-27
STUDY METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER-III
28-30
FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS
CHAPTER-VI AND CONCLUSION 71-74
ANNEXURE
- BIBLIOGRAPHY 75-80
- QUESTIONNAIRE
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LIST OF TABLES
SL.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO:
5.1.13 Graph showing percentage of concerned about financial data using mobile banking 63
5.1.14 Graph showing percentage measures do protect your financial information from cyber 64
threats
5.1.17 Graph showing percentage of age of frequently do you use digital financial services 67
5.1.18 Graph showing percentage of device do you mostly use to access financial services 68
5.1.19 Graph showing percentage of rate your satisfaction with digital financial services 69
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LIST OF GRAPHS
PAG
SL.NO DESCRIPTION E
NO:
5.2.18 Graph showing percentage of device do you mostly use to access financial 68
10
services
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CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
However, alongside the promise of innovation comes the imperative of addressing associated
risks and ethical considerations. Cybersecurity threats, data privacy concerns, and algorithmic
biases pose formidable challenges that necessitate a proactive approach to risk management
and regulatory compliance. As technological advancements outpace regulatory frameworks,
policymakers face the formidable task of striking a delicate balance between fostering
innovation and safeguarding consumer interests.
Moreover, the democratization of finance facilitated by technology has the potential to foster
financial inclusion and economic empowerment on a global scale. By leveraging digital
platforms and innovative financial products, underserved communities can gain access to
essential banking services, credit facilities, and investment opportunities previously beyond
their reach. Yet, achieving inclusive growth requires concerted efforts to bridge the digital
divide and mitigate disparities in access to technology and financial literacy.
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In light of these multifaceted dynamics, this study endeavors to unravel the intricate interplay
between technology, finance, and society. By examining the latest trends and their
implications, we aim to equip industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers with the
insights needed to navigate the complexities of the digital age. As we embark on this journey
of exploration and discovery, we invite readers to join us in Unravelling the future of finance
in an era defined by technological innovation and transformation.
B. Identifying Opportunities.
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1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY:
15
E.2LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:
Limited Longitudinal Data:
Longitudinal data tracking the adoption and impact of emerging technologies in finance over
time may be limited, particularly for nascent technologies. This makes it challenging to assess
long-term trends, patterns, and implications accurately.
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CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
17
LITERATURE REVIEW
Arner, Barberis & Buckley (2015) discuss how FinTech companies are
redefining traditional financial services through agile innovation, customer-
centric platforms, and lower operational costs
5. Robo-Advisory Platform
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Fein (2015) described how robo-advisors use algorithms to manage
portfolios with minimal human intervention, democratizing wealth
management services, especially for younger investors.
Davenport & Harris (2007) highlighted how big data transforms decision-
making by identifying customer preferences and reducing risks through
predictive models in loan approvals and fraud detection.
The World Economic Forum (2021) warned about the rise in cyber threats
and called for AI-based intrusion detection systems, secure cloud
infrastructure, and continuous employee training.
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11. Digital Wallet Adoption
Zetzsche et al. (2017) explain how RegTech tools use machine learning to
automate compliance monitoring and reduce the costs of adhering to
global regulatory frameworks.
Studies by Thomson Reuters (2020) stress how digital KYC (Know Your
Customer) platforms are speeding up onboarding while ensuring
compliance with Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regulations.
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17. Quantum Computing in Finance
Accenture (2018) shows that the Internet of Things (IoT) enables usage-
based insurance, where premiums are based on real-time behavior data
from wearable devices or vehicle sensors.
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23. Open Banking Ecosystems
Chen et al. (2020) show that FinTech lending platforms offer lower interest
rates and quicker approvals than traditional banks, particularly benefiting
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Research from CFA Institute (2022) shows predictive analytics helps fund
managers make informed decisions by forecasting trends using historical
and real-time data.
A 2023 study from ISACA highlights how real-time cyber risk analytics tools
are used by financial institutions to quantify, monitor, and mitigate
evolving cyber threats.
Bain & Company (2021) found that InsurTech firms are deploying AI to
automate claim processing, which speeds up approvals and reduces
manual errors.
Studies by Harvard Kennedy School (2021) show how online platforms are
enabling direct lending from individuals to businesses, reducing
dependence on institutional financing.
Startups like LenddoEFL are using voice analysis during calls to assess
emotional tone and credibility, reducing default risks in micro-lending (MIT
Review, 2021).
Reports from Statista (2023) show modern POS terminals integrate with AI
to track purchase patterns, offer personalized discounts, and integrate
with inventory and sales data.
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1.1THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Financial firms are using AI to reduce costs and streamline a wide variety of functions, over
three main areas: the front office (conversational banking), the middle office (fraud
detection and risk management) and the back office (underwriting). Today, artificial
intelligence (AI) is a highly valued tool for businesses due to its ability to improve
efficiency and productivity. The financial sector, in particular, has begun to adopt AI
solutions to transform its processes and services, resulting in a better customer experience
and greater efficiency in operations. The implementation of AI in the financial sector is a
strong and growing trend. According to an open text survey of financial services
professionals, 80% of banks are well aware of the benefits of AI and machine learning.
Today, AI is not just an option but a necessity in business. Its applications range from
operational automation to strategic decision-making and customer engagement. The trend is
towards more sophisticated AI capabilities like natural language processing, predictive
analytics, and autonomous systems. Artificial Intelligence in finance refers to the application
of a set of technologies, particularly machine learning and algorithms, in the finance
industry. This Fintech enables financial services organizations to improve the efficiency,
accuracy and speed of such tasks as data analytics, forecasting, investment management,
risk management, fraud detection, customer service and more. AI is modernizing the
financial industry by automating traditionally manual banking processes, enabling a better
understanding of financial markets and creating ways to engage customers that mimic
human intelligence and interaction. AI is revolutionizing how financial institutions operate
and fueling start-ups. AI models execute trades with unprecedented speed and precision,
taking advantage of real-time market data to unlock deeper insights and dictate where
investments are made. By analyzing intricate patterns in transaction data sets, AI solutions
allow financial organizations to improve risk management, which includes security, fraud,
anti-money laundering (AML), know your customer (KYC) and compliance initiatives. AI
is also changing the way financial organizations engage with customers, predicting their
behavior and understanding their purchase preferences.
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a. Algorithmic trading: AI can be used to develop trading algorithms that can analyze
market trends and historical data to make decisions and execute trades faster than humans.
b. Automation and efficiency: AI can automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks,
allowing financial institutions to process large amounts of data faster and more accurately.
c. Competitive advantage: AI can help financial institutions foster innovation and stay at
the forefront of technology, which can give them a competitive edge.
d. Compliance: AI can automate monitoring and reporting requirements to ensure
regulatory compliance
e. Credit scoring: AI can analyze a variety of data, including social media activity and
other online behavior, to assess customers’ creditworthiness and make more accurate credit
decisions.
f. Cost reduction: By automating tasks, financial institutions can reduce manual labor,
streamline workflows and improve operational efficiency, which can reduce costs
1. Auditors and internal control teams: Responsible for assessing the effectiveness of AI
systems, these individuals and groups conduct audits to identify potential issues and risks
and ensure efficiency, accuracy and compliance.
2. Chief information officers (CIOs) and chief technology officers (CTOs): As overseers
of the organization’s technical infrastructure, CIOs and CTOs make key decisions regarding
AI implementation, usage and security.
3. Customers: A positive user experience with AI-driven apps is necessary for customers
and end users to have confidence and trust in the financial organization.
4. Developers: AI developers are responsible for designing and implementing AI systems
into the organization and ensuring their accuracy and effectiveness.
5. Risk management teams: As AI is often used for assessing and mitigating risk in
financial organizations, these teams monitor the effectiveness of the AI systems.
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CHAPTER-III
STUDY METHODOLOGY
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a. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
For the study purpose, both primary and secondary data has been collected. The observational
method, online data collection and focus groups. Through this methodology one can analyze
the current technology landscape in the financial sector, focusing on emerging technologies
like blockchain, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data analytics, and digital
payments.
The main research instrument used for the collection of data is online data collection. The
necessary data has also been collected from various sources such as newspapers, social media
websites, various online websites and other published sources. The data collected is
classified, analyzed and interpreted.
DATA MANAGEMENT
1. Primary Data.
2. Secondary Data.
Primary Data:
Primary data collection refers to the process of gathering original data directly from the
source for a specific research or study. This data is collected first hand by the researcher or
research team and is tailored to address the specific objectives and questions of the study.
Primary data collection methods typically involve interactions with individuals,
organizations, or environments to collect new and unique information that has not been
previously documented or analyzed.
primary data collection offers researchers greater control over the data collection process,
allowing them to design research instruments, tailor questions, and select sampling techniques
that best suit their research objectives.
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SECONDARY DATA:
Secondary data collection refers to the process of gathering pre-existing data that has been
collected and published by other sources for purposes other than the current research. This
data is not collected directly by the researcher but is instead obtained from various external
sources such as research reports, academic publications, government databases, industry
surveys, and organizational records.
Secondary data can encompass a wide range of information, including statistical data,
survey results, historical records, case studies, literature reviews, and archival documents.
Researchers may utilize secondary data to support their research objectives, provide
context, validate findings, or supplement primary data collection efforts.
Secondary data collection serves as a valuable resource for researchers, providing a rich
source of information that can complement and enrich primary research efforts, enhance
understanding of research topics, and facilitate evidence-based decision-making.
Sample Size:
For ascertaining the information, survey was conducted. In that survey 113 respondents
gave their responses.
Statistical tools:
Period of 45 days
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CHAPTER-IV
INDUSTRY AND
COMPANY
PROFILE
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INDUSTRY PROFILE
An industry profile on the latest tech trends in the financial sector would encompass several
key areas of innovation and transformation. They are:
• AI and ML are revolutionizing the financial sector by enabling predictive analytics, fraud
detection, credit scoring, and algorithmic trading.
• Natural Language Processing (NLP) is being used for sentiment analysis of news and social
media to predict market movements.
• The shift towards digital banking is accelerating, with customers demanding seamless and
convenient online and mobile banking experiences.
• Mobile payment solutions, including digital wallets and contactless payments, are gaining
popularity, especially considering the COVID-19 pandemic and the preference for touchless
transactions.
• With the rise of digital transactions and online banking, cybersecurity is a top priority for
financial firms to protect sensitive customer data and prevent cyber-attacks.
• Advanced technologies such as biometrics, encryption, and behavioral analytics are being
deployed to enhance security measures. This industry profile highlights the dynamic
landscape
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of technological innovation in the financial sector, where emerging trends are reshaping
business models, enhancing customer experiences, and driving efficiency gains.
COMPANY PROFILE
Google AI, also known as Google Artificial Intelligence or Google AI Research, is the
division of Google dedicated to advancing the field of artificial intelligence through research,
development, and application of cutting-edge AI technologies.
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• Google AI powers a wide range of applications across different domains, including
healthcare, finance, education, agriculture, and more.
• In healthcare, Google AI collaborates with healthcare professionals and researchers to
develop AI-driven solutions for disease diagnosis, medical imaging analysis, drug discovery,
and personalized healthcare.
• The company actively engages with academia, industry partners, policymakers, and civil
society to address ethical challenges and promote the responsible use of AI for societal
benefit.
VISION:
• Empowering People with AI
• Enabling Accessible and Inclusive AI
• Advancing the Frontiers of AI Research
• Addressing Global Challenges with AI
• Fostering Collaboration and Knowledge Sharing
MISSION:
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development, and deployment efforts, Google AI continues to work towards fulfilling its
mission and making AI work for everyone.
ACHIEVEMENTS:
Google AI and its researchers have received numerous awards and recognitions for their
contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. Here are some noGraph awards:
1. Fields Medal: In 2018, the Fields Medal was awarded to Peter Schulz, a mathematician
whose work on arithmetic algebraic geometry has applications in machine learning
algorithms developed by Google AI.
2. Neur IPS Test of Time Award: Google AI researchers have received the Neur IPS Test of
Time Award for influential papers, including those on deep learning, reinforcement learning,
and neural network architectures.
3. ICML Test of Time Award: Google AI researchers have been recognized with the ICML
Test of Time Award for seminal papers in areas such as probabilistic modeling, kernel
methods, and optimization algorithms.
STRENGTHS:
• Technical Expertise: Google AI benefits from the vast technical expertise of its researchers
and engineers, many of whom are world-renowned experts in artificial intelligence, machine
learning, and related fields.
• Rich Data Resources: Google AI has access to extensive datasets collected from various
Google products and services, enabling it to train and develop advanced AI models with high
accuracy and performance.
• State-of-the-Art Infrastructure: Google AI leverages Google's infrastructure, including
powerful computing resources and cloud services, to support its research and development
efforts, enabling rapid prototyping and experimentation.
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• Integration with Google Products: Google AI's integration with Google's ecosystem of
products and services, such as Google Search, Google Photos, and Google Assistant, allows it
to deploy AI-powered features and functionalities at scale to millions of users worldwide.
WEAKNESS:
• Data Privacy Concerns: Google AI faces scrutiny and concerns regarding data privacy and
user consent, especially concerning the collection and use of personal data for training AI
models and improving algorithms.
• Talent Competition: The competition for top AI talent is intense, with tech companies,
research institutions, and startups vying for skilled researchers, engineers, and data scientists.
Google AI must continuously attract and retain top talent to maintain its competitive edge.
• Dependency on Google's Ecosystem: Google AI's reliance on Google's ecosystem for data,
infrastructure, and resources may limit its ability to collaborate with external partners and
access diverse datasets and computing environments
OPPURTUNITIES:
• Expansion into New Industries: Google AI has opportunities to expand its reach beyond
its core products and services into industries such as healthcare, finance, manufacturing, and
transportation, where AI technologies can drive innovation and create value.
• AI-Powered Healthcare Solutions: There is growing demand for AI-powered healthcare
solutions for medical imaging analysis, disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and personalized
medicine, presenting opportunities for Google AI to collaborate with healthcare providers and
researchers.
• AI for Social Good: Google AI can leverage AI technologies to address societal challenges
such as climate change, poverty, education, and inequality through initiatives like Google AI
for Social Good, contributing to positive social impact and sustainable development.
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THREATS:
• Competition: Google AI faces competition from other tech giants, such as Amazon,
Microsoft, and Facebook, as well as from startups and research institutions, in the race to
develop and deploy innovative AI solutions across various industries and applications.
• Ethical Concerns: Ethical concerns surrounding AI, including issues related to bias,
fairness, accountability, transparency, and unintended consequences, can undermine trust in
AI technologies and raise public skepticism and resistance to adoption.
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IBM Blockchain provides a robust and scalable platform for building, deploying, and
managing blockchain networks and applications. The platform offers enterprise-grade
features, including high throughput, low latency, security, privacy, and interoperability, to
meet the diverse needs of businesses across industries.
IBM actively contributes to open-source blockchain projects, including Hyper ledger Fabric,
an open-source distributed ledger technology (DLT) framework hosted by the Linux
Foundation. IBM's contributions to Hyper ledger Fabric and other open-source blockchain
projects help drive industry standards, interoperability, and adoption of blockchain
technology.
VISION:
IBM Blockchain's vision in the financial sector is centered around leveraging blockchain
technology to drive innovation, efficiency, and trust across the financial ecosystem,
ultimately transforming how value is transferred, managed, and accessed in the digital
economy.
MISSION:
• IBM's Trade Lens platform, built in collaboration with Maersk, is one such example,
providing a blockchain-based platform for digitizing and streamlining global trade processes,
reducing paperwork, delays, and cost.
• IBM's World Wire network, powered by Stellar blockchain, enables real-time settlement of
cross-border payments using digital assets, providing an alternative to traditional
correspondent banking networks.
• IBM's Trust Your Supplier platform, built in partnership with Chain yard, is an example of a
blockchain-based solution for managing supplier identities and credentials, reducing
administrative overhead and fraud risks.
• IBM's Digital Asset Custody Services (DACS) provide institutional-grade custody solutions
for digital assets, ensuring security, compliance, and regulatory oversight for tokenized assets.
STRENGTHS:
• Strong Technical Expertise: IBM Blockchain benefits from IBM's extensive experience
and expertise in enterprise-grade technology solutions, allowing it to develop robust and
scalable blockchain platforms tailored to the needs of financial institutions.
• Strategic Partnerships: IBM has established strategic partnerships with leading financial
institutions, technology providers, and industry consortia, enabling it to collaborate on
innovative blockchain solutions and drive adoption across the financial sector.
• Comprehensive Solutions: IBM Blockchain offers a comprehensive suite of solutions for
various use cases in the financial sector, including trade finance, supply chain finance, cross-
border payments, digital identity, and regulatory compliance, addressing key pain points and
challenges faced by financial institutions.
• Interoperability and Integration: IBM Blockchain emphasizes interoperability and
integration with existing enterprise systems and infrastructure, allowing financial institutions
to seamlessly integrate blockchain technology into their operations and workflows.
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WEAKNESS:
OPPURTUNITIES:
• Efficiency Gains: Blockchain technology has the potential to streamline and automate
financial processes, reducing costs, minimizing errors, and improving operational efficiency
for financial institutions across various functions, including payments, settlements, and
compliance.
• Innovation and Differentiation: IBM Blockchain enables financial institutions to innovate
and differentiate themselves by offering new products, services, and business models
powered by blockchain technology, enhancing customer experiences and driving competitive
advantage in the market.
THREATS:
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SBI YONO, which stands for "You Only Need One," is a digital banking platform launched
by the State Bank of India (SBI), one of the largest and most prominent banks in India.
YONOis designed to provide customers with a seamless and convenient banking experience
through digital channels. SBI YONO, which stands for "You Only Need One," is a digital
banking platform launched by the State Bank of India (SBI), one of the largest and most
prominent banks in India. YONO is designed to provide customers with a seamless and
convenient banking experience through digital channels.
VISION:
The vision of SBI YONO (You Only Need One) in the financial sector revolves around
leveraging digital technology to redefine banking experiences, enhance financial
inclusion,and empower customers to manage their finances seamlessly. YONO in the
financial sector is to create a digital banking ecosystem that enriches the lives of customers,
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fosters financial inclusion, drives innovation, and builds trust, ultimately contributing to the
growth and development of the banking industry and the economy.
MISSION:
The mission of SBI YONO (You Only Need One) in the financial sector is centered around
leveraging digital technology to revolutionize banking experiences, promote financial
inclusion, and empower customers to achieve their financial goals.
ACHIEVEMENT:
SBI YONO has made significant strides in redefining banking experiences, driving digital
transformation, promoting financial inclusion, and empowering customers to manage their
finances more efficiently and conveniently.
STRENGTHS:
• Strong Brand Presence: SBI YONO benefits from the strong brand reputation and market
presence of the State Bank of India (SBI), one of the largest and most trusted banks in India,
which enhances customer trust and loyalty.
• Comprehensive Offering: SBI YONO offers a comprehensive suite of banking and
financial services, including account management, payments, loans, investments, insurance,
and more, all accessible through a single platform, providing convenience and value to
customers.
• Digital Adoption: SBI YONO has successfully capitalized on the growing trend towards
digital banking, attracting millions of users who prefer the convenience and accessibility of
mobile banking services, contributing to increased customer engagement and satisfaction.
WEAKNESS:
• Limited Reach: While SBI YONO has gained significant traction in urban and semi urban
areas, its reach may be limited in rural and remote regions where access to smartphones,
internet connectivity, and digital literacy levels are lower, potentially hindering its adoption
among certain segments of the population.
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• Dependency on Technology: SBI YONO's reliance on technology and digital infrastructure
makes it vulnerable to disruptions such as system outages, cyber-attacks, or technological
glitches, which could impact the platform's reliability and trustworthiness in the eyes of
customers.
OPPURTUNITIES:
• Financial Inclusion: SBI YONO has the opportunity to further promote financial inclusion
by expanding its reach to underserved and unbanked populations, offering tailored financial
products and services, and providing financial literacy and education initiatives to empower
individuals and communities.
• Partnerships and Collaborations: SBI YONO can explore strategic partnerships and
collaborations with Fintech start-ups, technology providers, and ecosystem players to enhance
its offerings, integrate new features and services, and drive innovation in the digital banking
space.
THREATS:
• Competition: SBI YONO faces competition from other banks, financial institutions, and
Fintech companies offering similar digital banking platforms and services. Intense
competition could lead to pricing pressures, customer churn, and the need for continuous
innovation and differentiation to stay ahead in the market.
• Regulatory and Compliance Risks: SBI YONO is subject to regulatory requirements,
compliance standards, and data protection laws governing the financial sector. Regulatory
changes, compliance failures, or data breaches could result in reputational damage, legal
liabilities, and financial penalties for the platform.
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Intercom Chatbots are intelligent conversational agents developed and deployed in the
financial sector to enhance customer service, streamline operations, and improve user
experiences. Intercom Chatbots offer instant responses to customer queries, providing round-
the-clock assistance without requiring human intervention. They can handle a wide range of
inquiries, including account balances, transaction history, product information, and support
requests, improving customer satisfaction and engagement.
Intercom Chatbots leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to analyse
customer data and preferences, enabling them to provide personalized product
VISION:
The vision of Intercom Chatbots in the financial sector is to create intelligent, empathetic, and
user-centric conversational experiences that empower customers, drive engagement, and
deliver value-added services, ultimately transforming the way people interact with financial
institutions and manage their finances.
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MISSION:
The mission of Intercom Chatbots in the financial sector is to provide innovative, efficient,
and customer-centric solutions that drive engagement, satisfaction, and loyalty while
optimizing operations and delivering tangible value to financial institutions and their
customers.
ACHIEVEMENTS:
The achievements of Intercom Chatbots in the financial sector have transformed customer
service, driven digital innovation, and delivered tangible value to financial institutions and
their customers, enhancing engagement, satisfaction, and loyalty in the process.
STRENGTHS:
WEAKNESS:
• Limited Understanding: Chatbots may struggle to understand complex queries or nuances
in language, leading to misunderstandings and frustration for users, especially when dealing
with sensitive financial matters.
• Dependency on Technology: Intercom Chatbots rely heavily on technology, and any
technical glitches or failures could disrupt service delivery, impacting customer satisfaction
and brand reputation.
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OPPURTUNITIES:
• Market Expansion: There is significant potential for Intercom Chatbots to expand their
presence in the financial sector by offering tailored solutions for specific niches, such as
banking, insurance, wealth management, and Fintech.
• Integration with AI and Analytics: Integration with advanced AI and analytics
technologies could enhance the capabilities of Intercom Chatbots, enabling them to provide
more intelligent, proactive, and personalized assistance to users.
THREATS:
• Competition: The financial sector is highly competitive, with numerous players offering
similar chatbot solutions. Intercom Chatbots face the threat of competition from established
incumbents as well as emerging start-ups and technology providers.
• Regulatory Changes: Changes in regulatory requirements and compliance standards could
impact the operations of Intercom Chatbots, requiring adjustments to ensure adherence and
mitigate legal and regulatory risks.
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Affirm Chatbot in the financial sector is a significant advancement leveraging artificial
intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) technologies to enhance customer
service and streamline financial transactions. Affirm, a Fintech company known for its
innovative approach to lending and payment solutions, could potentially integrate a chatbot
into its services to provide personalized financial guidance, answer customer queries, and
facilitate transactions.
The chatbot can assist customers with inquiries related to loan applications, payment
schedules, account balances, and transaction history. This can alleviate the burden on
customer service representatives and provide instant support to users. The chatbot can also
serve as an educational tool, offering financial literacy tips, budgeting advice, and
information on managing debt responsibly.
VISION:
The vision of Affirm Chatbot in the financial sector revolves around revolutionizing the
customer experience, fostering financial wellness, and driving innovation in the way people
manage their finances.
Affirms vision for its chatbot in the financial sector is centered on delivering exceptional
value to customers, driving positive outcomes, and shaping the future of finance through
innovation, empowerment, and trust.
MISSION:
The mission of an Affirm Chatbot in the financial sector revolves around enhancing the
customer experience, promoting financial literacy, and facilitating seamless financial
transactions. It’s mission is to Empower Financial Wellness, Enhance Accessibility and
improve customer service
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ACHIEVEMENTS:
The achievements of Affirm Chatbot in the financial sector highlight its transformative role in
revolutionizing customer experience, promoting financial inclusion, and driving positive
change in the industry. Affirm Chatbot has garnered industry recognition and awards for its
innovative approach to customer service, technological advancements, and positive impact on
the financial sector. Its achievements have been acknowledged by industry experts,
customers, and peers alike. Affirm Chatbot has played a key role in promoting financial
literacy by offering educational resources, budgeting tips, and personalized financial advice to
users. By empowering users with knowledge and tools to make informed decisions, it has
contributed to improving financial literacy levels among consumers.
STRENGTHS:
WEAKNESS:
OPPURTUNITIES:
• Market Expansion: Affirm Chatbot can capitalize on the growing demand for digital
financial services by expanding its offerings to new markets or partnering with other
financial institutions to reach a broader audience.
• Integration with Emerging Technologies: Integration with emerging technologies such
as blockchain or voice assistants could enhance the Chabot’s capabilities and further
improve user experience and efficiency.
• Financial Education: There's an opportunity for Affirm Chatbot to enhance its role in
financial education by providing more comprehensive resources, tutorials, and personalized
advice to help users improve their financial literacy and make informed decisions.
THREATS:
• Competition: The financial sector is highly competitive, with established players and
new entrants continuously innovating in digital services. Affirm Chatbot faces the threat of
losing market share to competitors offering similar AI-powered solutions.
• Regulatory Compliance: Stringent regulations governing financial services may pose
challenges for Affirm Chatbot in terms of ensuring compliance with data protection,
privacy, and anti-money laundering laws, which could hinder its expansion and operations.
• Data Privacy Concerns: Heightened concerns about data privacy and misuse of personal
information could lead to increased scrutiny and regulations, impacting Affirm Chatbot’s
ability to collect and utilize user data for personalized services.
50
CHAPTER-V
DATA
ANALYSIS
AND
INTERPRETATION
51
PRIMARY DATA ANALYSIS
1.NAME
(It is given as Optional; few respondents have given their name and few didn’t)
Table 5.1.2
Figure 5.2.2
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of age given response to the survey. The graph
clearly shows that 51.8% of respondents are of age group 18-25; 9.8% of respondents are
of age group 26-35; 16.1% of respondents are of age group 36-45; 12.5% of respondents
are of age group 46-55 and 9.8% of respondents are of age group above 55. Total number
of respondents are 112.
52
3.What is your gender?
Table5.1.3
S.NO GENDER RESPONSES
1. Female 58.9%
2. Male 33.9%
3. Prefer not to say 7.1%
Figure 5.2.3
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of gender given response to the survey. The
graph clearly shows that 58.9% of respondents are female; 33.9% of respondents are male
and 7.1% of respondents prefer not to say. The total number of respondents are 112. The
total number of male respondents are 34. The total number of female respondents are 59.
The total number of members who did not prefer to say are 7.
53
4.What is your Education Background?
Table5.1.4
Figure 5.2.4
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of education background given response to the
survey. The graph clearly shows that 65.8% of respondents studied Bachelor’s degree;
9.9% respondents studied
High school; 13.5% of respondents studied master’s degree and 10.8% of respondents
studied other than these. The total number of members who studied bachelor’s degree are
74 respondents. The total number of respondents who studied master’s degree are 14. The
total number of respondents who studied other than these are 12. The total number of
respondents who studied high school 11. The total number of respondents are 111.
54
5.What is your occupation?
Table5.1.5
Figure 5.2.5
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chat shows the percentage of occupation of respondents of the survey. The
graph clearly shows that 48.7% of respondents are students; 13.3% of respondents are
retired; 24.8% of respondents are employed; 13.35% of respondents are unemployed.
The total number of respondents are 113. The total number of students are 56. The total
number of respondents who are employed are 29. The total number of respondents who are
unemployed are 14. The total number of respondents who are retired are 14.
55
6. familiar are you with the latest technology trends in the financial sector ?
Table5.1.6
Figure 5.2.6
INTERPRETATION:
The above bar graph shows the percentage of respondents who are familiar with latest tech
trends in financial sector of respondents of the survey. The bar graph clearly shows that
7.1% of respondents are less familiar with the latest technologies in financial sector as they
gave ratings as 1; 6.3% of respondents are less familiar with the latest technologies in
financial sectorasthey gave ratings as 2; 30.4% of respondents are somewhat familiar with
the latest technologiesin financial sector as they gave ratings as 3; 39.3% of respondents are
familiar with the latest technologies in financial sector as they gave ratings as 4; 17% of
respondents are very familiar with the latest technologies in financial sector as they gave
ratings as 5. The total number of respondents are 112. The total number of respondents who
gave ratings are 8. The total number of respondents who gave ratings as 2 are 7. The total
number of respondents who gave ratings as 3 are 33. The total number of respondents who
gave ratings as 4 are 44. The total number of respondents who gave ratings as 5 are 19.
56
7.How often do you use technology in your financial activities?
Table5.1.7
Figure 5.2.7
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chat shows the percentage of usage of Technology of respondents in
financial sector of the survey. The total percentage of respondents who use technology in
financial sector rarely is 54.9%. The total percentage of respondents who use technology in
financial sector monthly is 36.3%. The total percentage of respondents who use technology
in financial sector yearly is 8.8%. The total number of respondents are 113. The total
number of respondents who use technology in financial sector rarely are 63. The total
number of respondents who use technology in financial sector monthly are 42. The total
number of respondents who use technology in financial sector yearly are 8.
57
8. What financial apps or platforms do you currently use?
Table5.1.8
Figure 5.2.8
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chat shows the percentage of usage financial apps or platforms of
respondents in financial sector of the survey. The total percentage of respondents who use
banking apps are 45.1%. The total percentage of respondents who use Investment apps are
28.3%. The total percentage of respondents who use cryptocurrency platforms are 8.8%.
The total percentage of respondents who use other apps are 17.7%. The total number of
respondents are 113.
The total number of respondents who use banking apps are 51. The total number of
respondents who use investment apps are 32. The total number of respondents who use
cryptocurrency platforms are 10. The total number of respondents who use other apps are
20.
58
9. Are you aware of recent technological advancements in the financial sector?
Table5.1.9
S.NO RESPONSES
1 YES 78.6%
2 NO 21.4%
Figure 5.2.9
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of awareness of respondents about technical
advancements in financial sector given response to the survey. The total percentage of
respondents who have awareness about the recent technological advancement in financial
sector is 78.6%. The total percentage of respondents who did not have awareness about the
recent technological advancement in financial sector is 21.4%. The total number of
respondents are 112. The total number of respondents who have awareness about the
recent technological advancement in financial sector is 89. The total number of
respondents who did not have awareness about the recent technological advancement in
financial sector is 23.
59
10. Are you familiar with blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies?
Table5.1.10
S.NO RESPONSES
1 YES 55.8%
2 NO 44.2%
Figure 5.2.10
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of respondents who are familiar with blockchain
technology and cryptocurrencies given response to the survey. The total percentage of
respondents who are familiar with blockchain and cryptocurrency technology is 55.8%.
The total percentage of respondents who are not familiar with blockchain and
cryptocurrency technology is 44.2%. The total number of respondents are 113. The total
number of respondents who are familiar with blockchain and cryptocurrency technology is
64. The total number of respondents who are not familiar with blockchain and
cryptocurrency technology is 49.
60
61
11. How do you feel about AI-driven financial services, such as Robo-
advisors or algorithmic trading?
Table5.1.11
S.NO RESPONSES
1 POSITIVE 29.7%
2 NEGATIVE 15.3
3 NEUTRAL 55%
Figure 5.2.11
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of respondents about how they fell about the AI-
driven financial services, such as Robo-advisors or algorithmic trading given response to
the survey. The total percentage of respondents who have positive opinion on AI-driven
financial services, such as Robo-advisors or algorithmic trading are 29.7%. The total
percentage of respondents who have neutral opinion on AI-driven financial services, such
as Robo-advisors or algorithmic trading are 55%. The total percentage of respondents who
have neutral opinion on AI-driven financial services, such as Robo-advisors or algorithmic
trading are 55%. The total number of respondents who have positive opinion on AI-driven
financial services, such as Robo-advisors or algorithmic trading are 33. The total number
of respondents who have neutral opinion on AI-driven financial services, such as Robo-
advisors or algorithmic trading are 61. The total number of respondents who have neutral
opinion on AI-driven financial services, such as Robo-advisors or algorithmic trading are
17. The total number of respondents are 111.
62
12.How concerned are you about the security of your financial data when using
online or mobile banking services?
Table5.1.12
S.NO RATINGS RESPONSES
1 1 7.1%
2 2 1.8%
3 3 26.8%
4 4 39.3%
5 5 25%
Figure 5.2.12
INTERPRETATION:
The above bar graph shows the percentage of respondents about how their concern about
the security of their financial data when using online or mobile banking services. The
percentage of respondents who are concern about the security of their financial data when
using online or mobile banking services gave ratings as 1 is 7.1%. The percentage of
respondents who are concern about the security of their financial data when using online or
mobile banking services gave ratings as 2 is 1.8%. The percentage of respondents who are
concern about the security of their financial data when using online or mobile banking
services gave ratings as3 is 26.8%. The percentage of respondents who are concern about
the security of their financial data when using online or mobile banking services gave
ratings as 4 is 39.3%. The percentage of respondents who are concern about the security of
their financial data when
63
using online or mobile banking services gave ratings as 5 is 25%. The number of
respondents who are concern about the security of their financial data when using online or
mobile banking services gave ratings as 1 is 8. The number of respondents who are
concern about the security of their financial data when using online or mobile banking
services gave ratings as 2 is 2. The number of respondents who are concern about the
security of their financial data when using online or mobile banking services gave ratings
as 3 is 31. The number of respondents who are concern about the security of their financial
data when using online or mobile banking services gave ratings as 4 is 43. The number of
respondents who are concern about the security of their financial data when using online or
mobile banking services gave ratings as 5 is 28. The total number of respondents are 112.
64
13. What measures do you take to protect your financial information from
cyber threats?
Table5.1.13
S.NO MEASURES RESPONSES
1 STRONG PASSWORDS 31%
2 TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION 35.4%
AVOIDIND PUBLIC WI-FI FOR FINANCIAL
3 22.1%
TRANSACTIONS
4 OTHERS 11.5%
Figure 5.2.13
INTERPRETATION:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of measures you take to protect financial
information from cybercrime given response to the survey. The total percentage of
respondents who opted for strong passwords is 31%. The total percentage of respondents
who opted for two factor authentication 35.4%. The total percentage of respondents who
opted for avoiding public wi- fi for financial transactions is 22.1%. The total percentage of
respondents who opted for other options is 11.5%. The total number of respondents are
113. The total number of respondents who opted for strong passwords is 35. The total
number of respondents who opted for two factor authentication is 40. The total number of
respondents who opted for avoiding public wi- fi for financial transactions is 25. The total
percentage of respondents who opted for other options is 13.
65
14. How important is user experience when choosing financial services or
applications?
Table5.1.14
Figure 5.2.14
INTERPRETATION:
The above bar graph shows the percentage of rating given by respondents about importance
of user experience when choosing financial services or applications given response to the
survey. The total percentage of respondents who gave ratings about importance of user
experience when choosing financial services or applications as 1 are 3.5%. The total
percentage of respondents who gave ratings about importance of user experience when
choosing financial services or applications as 2 are 1.8%. The total percentage of
respondents who gave ratings about importance of user experience when choosing financial
services or applications as 3 are29.2%. The total percentage of respondents who gave ratings
about importance of user experience when choosing financial services or applications as 4
are 38.9%. The total percentage of respondents who gave ratings about importance of user
experience when choosing financial services or applications as 5 are 26.5%. The total
number of respondents who gave ratings about importance of user experience when
choosing financial services or applications as 1 are 4. The total number of respondents who
gave ratings about importance of user experience when choosing financial services or
applications as 2 are 2.
66
15. What do you envision as the future of financial technology?
Table5.1.15
S.NO ENVISION RESPONSES
INCEASED ADOPTION OF BLOCHAIN AND
1 47.8%
CRYPTOCURRENCY
MORE PERSONALIZED FINANCIAL
2 47.8%
PRODUCTS
EXPANSION OD AI-ENVISION FINANCIAL
3 41.6%
SERVICES
4 OTHERS 9.7%
Figure 5.2.15
INTERPRETATION:
67
16. Which emerging technologies do you believe will have the most significant
impact on the financial sector in the next five years?
Table5.1.16
S.NO TECHNOLOGIES RESPONSES
1 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 65.2%
2 BLOCHCHAIN 39.3%
3 CHATBOT 30.4%
4 OTHERS 6.3%
Figure 5.2.16
INTERPRETATION:
The above bar graph shows the percentage of respondents about emerging technologies that
will impact financial sector in next five years. The bar graph clearly shows the percentage
of respondents who choose Artificial Intelligence is 65.2%. The bar graph clearly shows
the percentage of respondents who choose blockchain is 39.3%. The bar graph clearly
shows the percentage of respondents who choose chatbot is 30.4%. The bar graph clearly
shows the percentage of respondents who choose other options is 6.3%. The total number
of respondents who choose AI is 73. The total number of respondents who choose
blockchain is 44. The total number of respondents who choose chatbot is 34. The total
number of respondents who choose other is 7. The total number of respondents are 112.
68
17.How frequently do you use digital financial services?
Table5.117
DIGITAL
S NO RESPONSES
SERVICES
1 DAILY 70.6%
2 WEEKLY 14.3%
3 MONTHLY 5.9
4 RARELY 8.4
5 NEVER 0.8%
Figure 5.2.17
INTERPRETATION:
The first pie chart represents the frequency of using digital financial
services among respondents. Out of 119 responses, a significant majority
—approximately 70.6%—indicated that they use digital financial services
on a daily basis. This clearly highlights the widespread dependence on and
integration of digital platforms in day-to-day financial activities.
Additionally, 14.3% of the respondents reported using these services
weekly, while 8.4% use them monthly. This shows that while daily usage
dominates, a fair number of users still access digital finance regularly, if
not every day. The results imply that digital financial tools such as mobile
69
banking, UPI apps, and payment platforms have become an essential part
of financial behavior for most individuals.
70
18.What device do you mostly use to access financial services?
Table5.1.18
S NO ACCESSBLE RESPONSES
FINANCIAL SERVICE
1 SMART PHONE 78%
2 LAPTOP OR DESKTOP 15.3%
3 TABLET 5.9
4 OTHERS 0.8
Figure 5.2.18
INTERPRETATION:
The pie chart analyzes the devices used to access digital financial services. Out of 118
responses, a striking 78% of users reported that they use smartphones for their financial
transactions. This finding confirms the dominance of mobile technology in digital finance,
likely due to the convenience, accessibility, and user-friendly nature of mobile applications.
Only 15.3% of respondents use laptops or desktops, suggesting that while these are still
relevant—possibly for more complex or formal banking functions—they are far less popular
than mobile options. A negligible number of respondents reported using tablets or other
devices. These insights indicate that mobile optimization should be a top priority for financial
institutions aiming to enhance user experience and expand their digital reach
71
19. How would you rate your satisfaction with digital financial
services?
Table5.1.9
SATISFACTION IN
S.NO RESPONSES
FINANCIAL SERVICES
1 Very Satisfied 62.12%
2 Satisfied 26.1%
3 Neutral 5.9%
4 Dissatisfied 5%
5 Very Dissatisfied 0.77%
Figure 5.2.19
INTERPRETATION:
The pie chart illustrates the level of satisfaction respondents have with
digital financial services. Out of 119 participants, a majority of 62.2%
reported being very satisfied, indicating a high level of contentment with the
functionality, convenience, and performance of digital financial platforms.
Additionally, 26.1% of the respondents marked themselves as satisfied, which
further supports the overall positive user experience. Only a small
percentage of users expressed neutrality, dissatisfaction, or strong
dissatisfaction, suggesting that negative experiences are relatively rare.
Overall, this chart reflects a strong approval and satisfaction rate among users
72
when it comes to digital financial services, highlighting their efficiency and
growing trustworthiness.
Table5.1.20
Security in
RESPONSES
S.NO financial
transaction
1 Always 61.3%
2 Sometimes 33.6%
3 Rarely 8%
4 Never 0.5%
Figure 5.2.20
INTERPRETATION:
The pie chart provides insight into how secure users feel while making online financial
transactions. From the total of 119 responses, 61.3% of the participants stated that they
always feel secure during digital financial activities, which is a strong indication of trust in
the security measures adopted by financial service providers. Another 33.6% indicated they
feel secure only sometimes, suggesting that while they use digital platforms, some security
concerns still persist. Very few respondents marked “rarely” or “never,” reflecting that
serious security doubts are not widespread. In general, this chart reveals that digital
73
transaction platforms are perceived as mostly secure, though some users still require
reassurance and improved security communication from service providers.
74
CHAPTER - VI
FINDINGS
SUGGESTIONS
AND
CONCLUSION
75
FINDINGS:
76
SUGGESTIONS:
77
CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, our study highlights the profound impact of technological trends on the
financial sector, reshaping the industry landscape and driving innovation at an unprecedented
pace. The convergence of digital transformation, Fintech disruption, and emerging
technologies such as blockchain, AI, and big data presents both opportunities and challenges
for financial institutions, regulators, and consumers alike.
Secondly, blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies are transforming the way financial
transactions are conducted, offering greater transparency, security, and efficiency. While
cryptocurrencies face regulatory uncertainties, blockchain holds promise for enhancing
trust, reducing fraud, and optimizing processes such as cross-border payments and supply
chain finance.
Furthermore, advancements in AI and big data analytics are enabling financial institutions
to gain valuable insights into customer behavior, improve risk management, and enhance
decision-making processes. Machine learning algorithms are powering chatbots, Robo-
advisors, and fraud detection systems, delivering personalized recommendations and
improving operational efficiency.
78
ANNEXURE
79
BIBLIOGRAPHY
WEBSITES:
https://kmtech.com.au/information-centre/4-emerging-technology-trends-in-the-
financial- services-industry/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
372133244_A_Study_on_Significant_Role_of_Tec hnology_in_Financial_Sector
Review of literature:
https://www.dpi.com/2227 7390/8/6/951
https://www.ibm.com/topics/blockchain#:~:text=Blockchain%20is%20ideal%20for
%20deliv ering,accounts%2C%20production%20and%20much%20more.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YONO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirm_Holdings
https://www.intercom.com/drlp/ai- chatbot?
utm_source=google&utm_medium=sem&utm_campaign=20834473821&utm_term
=intercom
%20bot&utm_ad_collection=160007468601&_bt=683673172717&_bg=16000746
8601&utm_ad=683673172717&offer=drcustombotsbiz&utm_campaign_name=go_b_pm_
ac q_core_demo_kw-
e_pros_chatbot_alls_alld_apac_ind_en&utm_ad_collection_name=ind_chatbot_bots&utm_
a
d_name=drcustombotsbiz_rsa_24Q2&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwwr6wBhBcEiwAf
M EQs5-
fapp426xGSqrbyMjP3TrylGPySiz5W47mU6EHYqCZOGdG4G_6HhoCCgIQAvD_BwE
Conclusion:
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-32971-5_11
QUESTIONNAIRE
80
1.Name:
2.Age
o 18-25
o 26-35
o 36-45
o 46-55
o Above 55
3.Gender
o Female
o Male
o Prefer not to say
4.Education background
o High school
o Bachelor’s degree
o Master’s degree
o Other
5. Occupation
o Employed
o Unemployed
o Student
o Retired
6. How familiar are you with the latest technological trends in the financial sector?
o 2
81
o 3
o 4
o 5
o Rarely
o Monthly
o Yearly
o Banking apps
o Investment apps
o Cryptocurrency platforms
o Others
o Yes
o No
o Yes
o No
12. How concerned are you about the security of your financial data when using online or
mobile banking services?
82
o 1
o 2
o 3
o 4
o 5
13. What measures do you take to protect your financial information from cyber threats?
o Strong passwords
o Two-factor authentication
o Avoiding public Wi-Fi for financial transactions
o Others
14. How important is your user experience when choosing financial services or applications?
o 1
o 2
o 3
o 4
o 5
16. Which emerging technologies do you believe will have the most significant impact on the
financial sector in the next five years?
o Artificial intelligence
o Blockchain
o Chatbot
o Others
83
17. How frequently do you use digital financial services?
o Daily
o Weekly
o Monthly
o Rarely
o Never
o Smartphone
o Laptop/Desktop
o Grapht
o Others: ___________
19. How would you rate your satisfaction with digital financial services?
o Very Satisfied
o Satisfied
o Neutral
o Dissatisfied
o Very Dissatisfied
o Always
o Sometimes
o Rarely
o Never
84
85