ACTIVITY 3

AIM :
To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (onof) switches, a
a power source.
fuse and
APPARATUS :
Three bulbs, (of 60 watt) a fuse, three (on/off) switches, a power source
THEORY: (battery).
While planning the electrical wiring of a house, one should remember that the
is connected in parallel and the fuse is either connected to the main 1ine
of
line of house/room. In parallel connection, if one of the appliances is each distribution
circuit
component
or the
other one keeps on operating. The ampere range of the fuse wire is tofused or goes out of
be used
main
order. he
of the components. For example, for further safety, a suitable value of
fuse is depends
on the load
a.c. mains. For example, if in a circuit 4 bulbs each of 60
W, 100 Wand 200 connected
W
in series
with
Vare connected in parallel to each other, then the
required willoperating
ampere ratios of fuse at 220
as follows : be calculated
A|> |>P =
60
= 0.27 A
220
100
1, 220 =0.45 A
200
= 0.91 A
220
.". I, + L + I, 0.27 + 0.45 + 0.91 = 1.63 A
So the required fuse will of ampere rate is
1.65 A..
L4

A.C.
Mains Main supply
Bulb
(B.)
S.
Bulb
Safety Fuse (B)
Bulb
(B,)

Fig. 1 : Circuit diagram for household distribution

PROCEDURE :
() Connect one end of bulb holder to red flexible wire through a switch in series. Connett a
other end of the bulb holder to the black flexible wire.

72
 (ii) Connect all the bulb--switch combinations in parallel to each other.
:y Take two (0ne red and other black or green) long wires as live-wires.
.Connect one end of all the wires to red wire (L) and other ends to another black or green
wire (L,), acting as neutral lead.
(v) Connect the fuse wire (F) to L, ie. in the live-wire coming from A.C.
(vi) Connect a two-pin plug for A.C. supply.
RESULT:
If one will on the switches one by one in the connections, the bulbs will be on and if the
suitches will be of, the bulbs will be off then the circuit is said to be complete.
PRECAUTIONS:
i) As all are the electrical appliances, one should handle it very carefully.
(ii) Switch-off all the main supply or power supply.
(iiü) Disconncet all the wires, plugs and switches when your experiment is done.
(iv) The saftey fuse and switches must be put in live wire only and the safety fuse should be
removed from the socket while making connections.
SOURCES OF ERROR :
wire.
(i) The safety fuse and on-off switches may not be put in live
(ii) The switches may not be on one by one.
(iii) The circuit may not be a complete one.
 SOURCES
ERROR: PRECAUTIONS
OF : RESULT: PROCEDURE : considerationon. THEORY wires,
: etc.
APPARATUS: AIM:
(iv) (iii)
(ii) (iii)
(iv) (iii)
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ACTIVITY 4
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 PRECAUTIONS
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7ACTIVITY
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ACTIVITY
(b)
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by
formed convex
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size APPARATUS:
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PROCEDURE:
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2 3 4 5 6. (i) (i1) (iv)
(i) (ii) (ii) (iv)(v)