REV 1

CLJ/CRI/SOC/LEA

BSCRIM-4A
 LESSON 6
EASY
1. What is the purpose of the Miranda warning?
a.To inform the suspect of their rights
b.To provide legal advice
c. To explain the charges
d To describe the court procedures
2. What is the primary function of a bail hearing?
a.To determine the defendant's guilt or innocence
b. To decide the amount and conditions of bail
c. To set a trial date
d.To present the prosecution's case
3. What does the term 'probable cause' refer to?
a) Reasonable suspicion of guilt
b) Reasonable grounds for arrest
c) Evidence beyond a reasonable doubt
d) A presumption of innocence

4. Which document typically initiates a criminal case?

a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Summons
d) Arrest warrant

5. What is the role of a grand jury?

, a) To determine guilt or innocence
b) To decide on sentencing
c) To review evidence and decide if there is enough for a trial
d) To hear witness testimonies in a trial

6.What is the standard of proof required for a conviction in a criminal trial?

a.Preponderance of the evidence
b. Clear and convincing evidence
c. Beyond a reasonable doubt
d. Probable cause

7. What is an arraignment?
a.A hearing to determine bail
b.A preliminary hearing
c.An initial court appearance where charges are read
d. A trial verdict

8. What is the purpose of a plea bargain?

a. To negotiate a reduced sentence or charge
b. To dismiss all charges
c. To compel a confession
d. To expedite the trial process

9. Which amendment provides the right to an impartial jury?

a. Fifth Amendment
b. Sixth Amendment
c. Seventh Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment

10. What does the term 'double jeopardy' mean?

a. Being tried twice for the same offense
b. Being charged with multiple crimes
c. Being sentenced to multiple penalties
d. Being convicted twice for different crimes

11. What is a search warrant?

a.A document allowing police to search private property
b.A legal order for arrest
c. A notice for a court appearance
d.A directive for a trial date

12. What is the exclusionary rule?

 a.A rule that excludes unreliable witnesses
b.A rule preventing illegally obtained evidence from being used in court
c.A rule that excludes certain types of evidence
d. A rule for dismissing irrelevant cases

13. What does 'beyond a reasonable doubt' refer to?

a.The standard of proof in civil cases
b.The standard of proof required for conviction in criminal cases
c.The degree of certainty required for an arrest
d.The level of suspicion needed for a search warrant

14. Who has the burden of proof in a criminal trial?

a.The defense
b. The judge
c.The prosecution
d.The jury

15. What is 'habeas corpus'?

a. A right to a trial by jury
b.A petition to challenge unlawful detention
c. A plea for clemency
d.A legal term for evidence presentation

16. What is the function of a preliminary hearing?

a.To determine if there is enough evidence to proceed to trial
b.To finalize sentencing
c.To present a plea bargain
d.To select a jury

17. What does 'arraignment' involve?

a.Charging the defendant
b. Setting bail
c.Entering a plea
d. All of the above
18. What does 'exculpatory evidence' refer to?
a. Evidence that supports the defendant's guilt
b.Evidence that helps to prove the defendant’s innocence
c. Evidence that is inadmissible in court
d. Evidence that is used to impeach a witness

19. What is the purpose of the discovery process in criminal procedure?

a. To ensure both sides have access to evidence
b.To discover new witnesses
c.To negotiate plea bargains
d.To conduct a background check on the defendant

20. What does the term 'incarceration' mean?

a.Probation
b.Imprisonment
c.Bail
d.Parole

MODERATE
21. What is the main purpose of a criminal procedure?
a) To ensure the accused is punished
b) To protect the constitutional rights of the accused
c) To imprison criminals
d) To inform the public about crimes

22. Why is “probable cause” important in criminal procedures?

a) It ensures the police have a reason to arrest someone
b) It guarantees a conviction
c) It allows for quicker trials
d) It protects the defendant’s right to remain silent

23. How does an arraignment protect the rights of the accused?

a) By ensuring a speedy trial
b) By informing the accused of the charges against them
c) By cross-examining witnesses
d) By determining guilt or innocence

24. What is a plea bargain in criminal procedure?

a) A legal argument presented at trial
b) A pre-trial agreement between the defendant and prosecutor
c) The final verdict given by the jury
d) A form of sentencing in court

25. Why might a criminal case be dismissed without a trial?

a) Insufficient evidence
b) The defendant’s confession
c) The victim doesn’t want to testify
d) The defendant’s personal reasons

26. How does a grand jury differ from a trial jury?

a) It determines guilt or innocence
b) It decides if charges should be brought against the accused
c) It represents the defense
d) It sentences the defendant
27. What is the purpose of bail in criminal procedures?
a) To punish the defendant
b) To ensure the defendant appears in court
c) To determine guilt
d) To provide compensation to victims

28. Why is “reasonable doubt” significant in criminal trials?

a) It guarantees the prosecution wins the case
b) It serves as the standard for convicting a defendant
c) It allows for cross-examination
d) It is used in plea bargaining

29. What happens if a defendant refuses to enter a plea?

a) The trial is canceled
b) A “not guilty” plea is entered by default
c) The defendant is automatically convicted
d) The case is dismissed

30. How can a defendant challenge evidence in a criminal trial?

a) By asking the judge for a retrial
b) By filing an appeal before the trial
c) By submitting a motion to suppress the evidence
d) By refusing to testify

31. What is the role of a defense attorney in a criminal procedure?

a) To determine the guilt of the defendant
b) To represent the government
c) To defend the accused and ensure their rights are protected
d) To present evidence for the prosecution

32. Why are Miranda rights important in criminal procedures?

a) They help convict the defendant
b) They ensure the defendant understands their rights
c) They provide immunity to the accused
d) They speed up the legal process

33. What is the purpose of cross-examination in a criminal trial?

a) To determine sentencing
b) To allow the jury to ask questions
c) To challenge the credibility of witnesses
d) To question the judge’s decision

34. What is the role of a probation officer in criminal justice?

a) To represent the prosecution
b) To supervise offenders who are sentenced to probation instead of prison
c) To make sentencing decisions
d) To conduct trials

35. How does double jeopardy protect defendants in criminal law?

a) By allowing multiple trials
b) By preventing the same person from being tried twice for the same offense
c) By allowing appeal requests
d) By requiring two juries for serious cases

36. What is the main objective of a pretrial hearing?

a) To convict the accused
b) To negotiate sentencing
c) To resolve procedural matters before the trial begins
d) To present evidence for the final decision

37. What is the role of a defense attorney in a preliminary hearing?

a) To determine the defendant’s guilt
b) To argue against the probable cause for the charges
c) To present evidence for the prosecution
d) To sentence the defendant

38. Why is it essential to have a speedy trial?

a) It guarantees a conviction
b) It protects the defendant’s right against prolonged detention
c) It benefits the prosecution
d) It reduces the chances of appeal

39. What happens during the discovery process in a criminal case?

a) The prosecution tries the case
b) Both sides exchange evidence and information
c) The defense files a motion to dismiss
d) The jury decides the verdict

40. How does a plea of “nolo contendere” differ from a “guilty” plea?
a) It admits guilt
b) It is the same as a “not guilty” plea
c) It doesn’t admit guilt but accepts punishment
d) It automatically leads to a dismissal

41. What is the purpose of voir dire in a criminal trial?

a) To dismiss the case
b) To select an impartial jury
c) To examine the evidence
d) To question the defense attorney

42. Why is the chain of custody important in criminal investigations?

a) It ensures evidence is handled and tracked properly
b) It guarantees the suspect’s guilt
c) It determines the defendant’s sentence
d) It speeds up the trial process

43.What role does a prosecutor play in criminal procedures?

a) To defend the accused
b) To investigate the crime
c) To represent the government in prosecuting the defendant
d) To serve as the judge’s assistant

44. How does an indictment differ from an information?

a) An indictment is issued by a grand jury; information is filed by a prosecutor
b) They are the same document
c) Information is used only for felonies
d) Indictments can only be issued in civil cases

45. Why is the exclusionary rule significant in criminal trials?

a) It excludes weak evidence from the trial
b) It prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used
c) It allows for automatic appeals
d) It requires the defendant to testify

46. What is the role of a judge during a criminal trial?

a) To represent the prosecution
b) To determine guilt or innocence
c) To ensure that the trial follows legal procedures and rules
d) To serve as a juror

47. How does a public defender differ from a private defense attorney?
a) Public defenders are appointed to those who cannot afford legal representation
b) Public defenders represent the government
c) Public defenders can only take on minor cases
d) Public defenders do not attend trials

48. Why might a judge issue a gag order during a criminal case?
a) To prevent the defendant from speaking
b) To restrict the press from reporting certain details
c) To avoid a jury trial
d) To increase courtroom security

49. What is the purpose of a bench trial in criminal procedure?

a) The judge acts as the prosecutor
b) The judge hears and decides the case without a jury
c) It allows for a quicker verdict
d) It is used only in federal cases

50. What is the primary function of a criminal complaint?

a) To issue a verdict
b) To formally accuse someone of a crime
c) To sentence the defendant
d) To appeal a verdict

51. Why is witness testimony crucial in a criminal trial?

a) It replaces physical evidence
b) It provides personal accounts and evidence regarding the crime
c) It determines the sentencing
d) It allows for plea bargaining

52. What does a motion to dismiss seek to achieve in a criminal case?

a) To request a new trial
b) To change the venue of the trial
c) To alter the charges against the defendant
d) To have the case thrown out due to legal deficiencies

53. How does a judge ensure a fair trial for the accused?
a) By ruling in favor of the prosecution
b) By providing legal representation to the defendant
c) By maintaining impartiality and overseeing proper legal procedures
d) By making the final verdict

54. Why might a case be transferred to a different jurisdiction?

a) To find a more lenient judge
b) To ensure a fair trial if the current jurisdiction may be biased
c) To expedite the trial process
d) To avoid double jeopardy

55. What is the significance of a defendant’s right to remain silent?

a) It allows the defendant to avoid testifying against themselves
b) It guarantees they will be found innocent
c) It speeds up the trial process
d) It provides a method for immediate sentencing

56. How can a defendant’s prior criminal record affect their current trial?
a) It is always admissible as evidence
b) It can be used to show a pattern of behavior
c) It guarantees a harsher sentence
d) It is only considered if the defendant agrees

57. Why is expert testimony sometimes necessary in criminal cases?

a) To provide opinions on technical or specialized subjects beyond the jury’s knowledge
b) To determine the verdict
c) To provide character references for the defendant
d) To handle administrative aspects of the trial

58. What is the purpose of a sentencing hearing?

a) To determine the verdict
b) To establish the sentence if the defendant is found guilty
c) To negotiate a plea deal
d) To review the evidence presented

59. How does a grand jury differ from a petit jury?

a) A grand jury decides guilt, while a petit jury determines whether to indict
b) A grand jury reviews evidence to decide whether charges should be filed
c) A grand jury issues the final verdict, while a petit jury makes recommendations
d) A grand jury is only used in civil cases
60. What is the purpose of a continuance in a criminal trial?
a) To shorten the trial
b) To allow additional time for preparation or to address scheduling conflicts
c) To appeal the verdict
d) To alter the charges

61. Why is a warrant required for searches and seizures?

a) To prevent the police from acting without justification
b) To ensure the defendant is guilty
c) To speed up the investigation
d) To guarantee evidence is admissible

62. How does an appeal differ from a motion for a new trial?
a) An appeal challenges the trial’s outcome based on legal errors, while a motion for a new
trial requests a new trial due to errors or new evidence
b) An appeal is only for civil cases
c) A motion for a new trial guarantees a different verdict
d) An appeal changes the charges against the defendant

63. What is the purpose of a deposition in criminal procedures?

a) To finalize the trial
b) To collect sworn testimony before the trial
c) To determine sentencing
d) To present the final evidence

64. How does “exculpatory evidence” impact a criminal case?

a) It proves the defendant’s guilt
b) It supports the defendant’s innocence
c) It ensures a conviction
d) It speeds up the trial process
65. Why is the “reasonable person” standard used in criminal law?
a) To judge the actions of the defendant by how a typical person would act
b) To assess the defendant’s mental state
c) To determine sentencing
d) To establish bail amounts
66. What role does forensic evidence play in criminal investigations?
a) It provides medical treatment to victims
b) It helps establish facts through scientific analysis
c) It determines the defendant’s plea
d) It influences the jury’s personal beliefs
67. How is “habeas corpus” used in criminal procedure?
a) To challenge the legality of imprisonment
b) To appeal a verdict
c) To file a motion to suppress evidence
d) To request a new trial

68. Why might a defense attorney file a motion for a change of venue?
a) To ensure a jury is more favorable
b) To avoid pre-trial publicity affecting the defendant’s right to a fair trial
c) To reduce the trial’s duration
d) To change the charges against the defendant
69. What does “affirmative defense” mean in a criminal case?
a) It is a defense strategy that admits the crime but provides justification or excuse
b) It denies all charges against the defendant
c) It challenges the prosecution’s evidence
d) It requests a change of venue

70. How does the “burden of proof” differ between the prosecution and the defense?
a) The prosecution must prove the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, while the
defense needs to prove innocence
b) The defense must prove guilt, while the prosecution proves innocence
c) The burden of proof is the same for both parties
d) The prosecution only needs to prove guilt by a preponderance of evidence

DIFFICULT
71.A woman is charged with murder. The prosecution wants to use evidence found at the
crime scene, including a bloody knife. The defense attorney argues that the evidence was
obtained illegally. What type of hearing would be held to determine if the evidence is
admissible?

a) A suppression hearing.

b) A preliminary hearing.

c) A grand jury hearing.

d) A trial.
72.A woman is arrested for assault. The police officer asks her if she wants to speak to an
attorney. The woman says no. The officer then begins to question her about the assault.
How did the officer violate the woman's rights?

a) The officer should have read her the Miranda warnings first.

b) The officer should have waited for an attorney to arrive before questioning her.

c) The officer should have given her a chance to contact her family.

d) The officer did not violate her rights.

73.A man is charged with robbery. The prosecution presents evidence that the man was
seen running from the scene of the crime. The defense attorney argues that the evidence is
circumstantial and not enough to convict the man.What is circumstantial evidence?

a) Evidence that directly proves a fact.

b) Evidence that indirectly suggests a fact.

c) Evidence that is obtained illegally.

d) Evidence that is not relevant to the case.

74.A woman is arrested for driving under the influence. The police officer searches her car
and finds a small bag of marijuana. What is the legal standard for a search incident to arrest?

a) The officer must have probable cause to believe the suspect is armed dangerous.

b) The officer must have a warrant to search the car.

c) The officer must have consent from the suspect to search the car.

d) The officer can search the car without any justification.

75.A man is arrested for possession of a firearm. The police search his car and find a gun in
the trunk. The man claims he did not know the gun was in the car.

What legal defense could the man use to challenge the possession charge?

a) Lack of knowledge of the gun's presence.

b) Lack of intent to possess the gun.

c) The gun was not loaded.

76.A woman is charged with drug possession. The police searched her car without a warrant.
The woman argues that the search was illegal.
What is the "automobile exception" to the warrant requirement?

a) The police can search a car without a warrant if they have probable cause to believe the
car contains evidence of a crime.

b) The police can search a car without a warrant if the car is parked in a public place.

c) The police can search a car without a warrant if the car is being driven by a suspect.

77.The "fruit of the poisonous tree" doctrine applies to evidence that is:

a) Obtained as a direct result of an illegal search or seizure

b) Obtained independently of an illegal search or seizure

c) Obtained through a valid warrant but later found to be inadmissible

d) Obtained through a confession that was coerced

78.Which of the following is NOT a factor considered in determining whether a suspect is in

custody for Miranda purposes?

a) The suspect's age

b) The suspect's education level

c) The length of the interrogation

d) The suspect's physical restraint

.79.Which of the following is NOT a valid justification for a warrantless search?

a) Exigent circumstances

b) Consent

c) Stop and frisk

d) Probable cause

80.A suspect is convicted of theft and sentenced to prison. The suspect believes the judge
made an error during the trial. What is the suspect's right to appeal?

a) The suspect has no right to appeal a conviction.

b) The suspect has a right to appeal only if the conviction is based on insufficient evidence.

c) The suspect has a right to appeal a conviction to a higher court. [9]

d) The suspect has a right to appeal only if the sentence is too harsh.
82.A police officer on patrol sees a group of individuals acting suspiciously. The officer
approaches the group and conducts a search, finding a hand grenade. The individuals are
arrested for illegal possession of a hand grenade.

Question: Was the search lawful?

(a) Yes, because stop and frisk applies in this case.

(b) Yes, because they were suspicious, and an arrest could be made.

(c) No, because in general, police officers have no authority to conduct a search even if a
person is suspicious.

(d) No, because there was no probable cause.

83.A police officer witnesses a man, let's call him Alex, stealing a large cattle from a farm.
The officer apprehends Alex and conducts an inquest proceeding. Alex is then detained,
arrested, and subsequently convicted. No preliminary investigation was conducted before
the arrest.

Question:: Was Alex's arrest lawful?

(a) Yes, because he was lawfully arrested.

(b) Yes, because stealing large cattle is punishable by prision mayor.

(c) No, because he was arrested without a warrant.

(d) No, because a preliminary investigation should always be conducted to determine

probable cause

84.A defendant, let's call her Sarah, is charged with theft. The prosecutor wants to amend
the information to include an additional charge of receiving stolen property.

Question:Under what conditions can the information be amended?

(a) A formal and substantial amendment can be done without leave of court and before
plea.

(b) Only a substantial amendment is allowed.

(c) A formal and substantial amendment can be done with leave of court and before plea.

(d) The information cannot be amended after the arraignment.

85. During a preliminary investigation, the complainant presents new evidence that was not
included in the original complaint. How should the investigating officer handle this evidence?

a) Ignore the new evidence and proceed with the original complaint.

b) Include the new evidence in the investigation and update the complaint accordingly.
c) Reject the new evidence as it was not submitted with the initial complaint.

d) Forward the new evidence to the court directly without further investigation.

86. A defendant is arrested without a warrant during a public disturbance. The defense
argues that the arrest was unlawful because it was made without a warrant. How should the
court address this issue?

a) Dismiss the case due to the unlawful arrest.

b) Accept the arrest as lawful if it was made in a public place and involved a crime
committed in the officer’s presence.

c) Exclude any evidence obtained as a result of the arrest.

d) Allow the evidence but provide a warning to the prosecution.

87. During trial, a witness provides testimony that contradicts their earlier sworn statement.
The defense requests to introduce the prior statement to challenge the witness’s credibility.
What should the court do?

a) Allow the prior statement as impeachment evidence.

b) Exclude the prior statement as it is not part of the trial evidence.

c) Accept the prior statement but limit its use to impeachment only.

d) Disregard the prior statement and focus on the witness’s current testimony.

88. A search warrant is executed, and evidence is seized outside the scope of the warrant’s
description. How should the court handle this evidence?

a) Exclude the evidence that was seized outside the warrant’s scope.

b) Admit all evidence seized regardless of scope.

c) Allow the evidence if it is relevant to the case.

d) Accept the evidence but only use it for impeachment purposes.

89. The prosecution submits an affidavit from a witness who is unable to attend the trial. The
defense objects, arguing that the affidavit is inadmissible. What is the correct course of
action?

a) Exclude the affidavit due to the witness’s absence.

b) Admit the affidavit only if the witness’s absence is justified and the affidavit meets
admissibility standards.

c) Accept the affidavit as evidence regardless of the witness’s presence.

d) Allow the affidavit as hearsay but give it limited weight.

90. A defendant’s confession is challenged by the defense as being made under undue
influence. What must the prosecution establish for the confession to be admitted?

a) That the confession was made in writing.

b) That the confession was recorded and signed.

c) That the confession was given voluntarily and not under undue influence.

d) That the confession was corroborated by other evidence.

91. During a criminal trial, the prosecution seeks to introduce evidence obtained from a
warrantless search conducted during an emergency. How should the court evaluate this
evidence?

a) Exclude the evidence unless the emergency circumstances justify the search.

b) Admit the evidence regardless of the lack of a warrant.

c) Allow the evidence but provide a cautionary instruction to the jury.

d) Accept the evidence and proceed with the case without further consideration.

92. The defense files a motion to suppress evidence obtained from a surveillance operation,
claiming it was conducted without proper judicial authorization. What must the court
consider in addressing this motion?

a) Whether the surveillance was conducted with proper judicial authorization.

b) Whether the evidence is relevant to the case.

c) Whether the evidence was obtained legally.

d) Whether the surveillance was necessary for the investigation.

93. A defendant’s motion for bail is denied based on the prosecution’s argument that the
evidence of guilt is strong. The defense argues that the evidence should not be considered at
this stage. How should the court proceed?

a) Deny the bail motion if the evidence of guilt is strong.

b) Consider the strength of the evidence only at trial, not at the bail stage.

c) Grant bail despite the prosecution’s evidence.

d) Review the evidence but only in relation to the likelihood of flight risk.

94. During cross-examination, a witness refers to information from a private conversation

that was not part of the case file. The defense argues that this information should not be
considered. What should the court do?

a) Exclude the information as it was not part of the official case file.

b) Allow the information if it is relevant and does not prejudice the case.

c) Disregard the information and focus on the witness’s testimony.

d) Allow the information but provide a cautionary instruction to the jury.

95. The defense discovers a new piece of exculpatory evidence shortly before closing
arguments. How should the court handle this evidence?

a) Exclude the evidence due to its late disclosure.

b) Admit the evidence and allow both parties to present arguments regarding its impact.

c) Allow the evidence but limit its use to rebuttal.

d) Accept the evidence and declare a mistrial to allow for further examination.

96. A defendant’s prior conviction is offered by the prosecution to show motive. The defense
argues that this use is improper. What is the appropriate response by the court?

a) Exclude the prior conviction as it is prejudicial.

b) Admit the prior conviction only if it is relevant to the defendant’s motive.

c) Allow the conviction but provide a cautionary instruction to the jury.

d) Exclude the conviction and focus on the current case evidence.

97. A defense expert witness challenges the prosecution’s forensic evidence by presenting
an alternative analysis. How should the court address this challenge?

a) Accept the defense expert’s analysis and disregard the prosecution’s evidence.

b) Allow both experts’ analyses and consider their credibility and relevance.

c) Exclude the defense expert’s analysis due to conflicting evidence.

d) Accept the prosecution’s evidence and limit the defense expert’s testimony.

98. The prosecution introduces a digital record as evidence, but the defense argues it has
been tampered with. What must the court determine for the record to be admitted?

a) The record’s relevance to the case.

b) The authenticity and integrity of the digital record.

c) The technical details of the digital record.

d) The digital record’s source and chain of custody.

99. During a hearing, the defense presents a witness who claims to have overheard a
conversation about the crime. The prosecution argues that the testimony is hearsay. How
should the court rule on this testimony?

a) Exclude the testimony as hearsay.

b) Admit the testimony if it falls under an exception to the hearsay rule.

c) Allow the testimony but with limited weight.

d) Disregard the hearsay argument and focus on the witness’s credibility.

100. A witness for the prosecution provides a statement that is inconsistent with their
previous testimony. The defense requests to use the prior statement to challenge the
witness’s credibility. What should the court allow?

a) Exclude the prior statement due to inconsistency.

b) Allow the prior statement to be used for impeachment purposes.

c) Accept the prior statement as the primary evidence.

d) Disregard the prior statement and focus on the current testimony.

DISTRIBUTION OF WORKS:

NAMES TYPE OF QUESTIONS

Malaggay, Heidy EASY

Ogsar, Michelle MODERATE

Musling,Kean

Bao-ag, Lovely DIFFICULT

Salyo, Vanessa

ANSWER KEY.

1. 11. 21. 31. 41. 51. 61. 71.A 81.D 91.

2. 12. 22. 32. 42. 52. 62. 72. A 82.D 92.

3. 13. 23. 33. 43. 53. 63. 73. B 83.D 93.

4. 14. 24. 34. 44. 54. 64. 74. A 84.C 94.

5. 15. 25. 35. 45. 55. 65. 75. B 85. B 95.

6. 16. 26. 36. 46. 56. 66. 76. A 86. 96.

7. 17. 27. 37. 47. 57. 67. 77. A 87. 97.

8. 18. 28. 38. 48. 58. 68. 78. A 88. 98.

9. 19. 29. 39. 49. 59. 69. 79. D 89. 99.

10. 20. 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. 80. C 90. 100.