數位影像處理

數位影像處理

Appendix 2
Introduction to OpenCV

Speaker: 黃世勳

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 Contents
Introduction
Image Displaying
Image Copying
OpenCV Library
 Introduction
Overview
 OpenCV is an open source computer vision library
 It implements thousands of high-level functions for
computer vision and image processing.
 Each function name in OpenCV starts with “cv” :
cvCreateImage, cvSobel, cvAdd, …
 It includes many high-level datatypes, such as, Sets,
Trees, Graphs, and Matrices. . .
 Introduction
Why OpenCV?
 Computer vision market is large and still
continues to grow.
 There is no standard APIs like OpenGL for
graphics.
• Research Code
• Very expensive commercial toolkits
• Specialized solution bundled with hardware
 Standard library would simplify development of
new applications and solutions much easier.
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Introduction

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 Introduction
Library Design
 Initial Goal: build high-level and ready-to-use
components, such as gesture recognition.
 But, the computer vision problem is always
complex and hard to be solved directly.
 The design is to split complex problem into
building block which is a function in OpenCV

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 Introduction

No free libraries could do this.

We have to do it ourselves.
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Introduction

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 Introduction
OpenCV Installation
 Download the OpenCV 2.1 from website
• http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/

 Execute the file OpenCV-2.1.0-win32-vs2008.exe

to install the OpenCv 2.1
VC2008 Installation
 Download the VC2008 from website
 Install the VC2008 on your computer
 Introduction
Project Creation

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 Introduction
Project Creation

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 Introduction
Environment Setup
 Include the header files: C:\Program
Files\OpenCV2.1\include\opencv
 Introduction
Environment Setup
 Include the header files: C:\Program
Files\OpenCV2.1\include\opencv

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 Introduction
Environment Setup
 Include the library files: C:\Program
Files\OpenCV2.1\lib

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 Introduction
Environment Setup
 Input the library files to project: cv210.lib
highgui210.lib cxcore210.lib cvaux210.lib

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 Introduction
Environment Setup
 Input the library files to project: cv210.lib
highgui210.lib cxcore210.lib cvaux210.lib

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 Image Displaying
Application
 Load the well-known lena.jpg from the file
 Display the loaded image on the window
 Save the loaded image as result.jpg
 Image Displaying
Lena Application: Sample Code

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h "

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){

………..
return 0;
}/* End of main body */
 Image Displaying
Lena Application: Sample Code

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){

IplImage* pImage1=NULL;
pImage1 = cvLoadImage("lena.jpg");

cvNamedWindow("Lena", 1);
cvShowImage("Lena", pImage1);
cvWaitKey(0);

if(pImage1 != NULL)
cvSaveImage(“result.jpg”, pImage1);
return 0;
}/* End of main body */
 Image Copying
IplImage Data Structure

typedef struct _IplImage {

int nChannels; /* support 1,2,3 or 4 channels */
int depth; /* pixel depth in bits*/

int width; /* image width in pixels */

int height; /* image height in pixels */

char *imageData; /* pointer to aligned image data */

} IplImage;
 Image Copying
IplImage Data Structure
 nDepths: data type of the channel
 imageData: one-dimensional array

IPL_DEPTH_8U,
IPL_DEPTH_8S,
IPL_DEPTH_16S,
IPL_DEPTH_32S,
IPL_DEPTH_32F
IPL_DEPTH_64F
 Image Copying
Image Creating: cvCreateImage();
IplImage* pImage2 = NULL;
pImage2 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(512, 512), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
 Image Copying

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h "

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){

………..

unsigned char* ptr1 = (unsigned char*) pImage1->imageData;

unsigned char* ptr2 = (unsigned char*) pImage2->imageData;

………..
return 0;
}/* End of main body */

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Image Copying

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 Image Copying
Image Data Indexing

offset: i+ j*width R offset: 3*(i+ j*width) + 0

G offset: 3*(i+ j*width) + 1
B offset: 3*(i+ j*width)+2
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 Image Copying
unsigned char* ptr1 = (unsigned char*) pImage1->imageData;
unsigned char* ptr2 = (unsigned char*) pImage2->imageData;

int width = pImage1->width;

int height= pImage1->height;

for(int h=0; h < height; h++)

for(int w=0; w < width; w++){
int sum = 0;
sum += ptr1[3 * (w + h * width) + 0];
sum += ptr1[3 * (w + h * width) + 1];
sum += ptr1[3 * (w + h * width) + 2];
ptr2[w + h * width] = sum / 3;
}/* End of for-loop */
Image Copying
 OpenCV Library
Description
 There are three main OpenCV libraries
• cxcore library
• cv library
• highgui library
 The detailed documentation can be found through
the website.
• <installed dir>\docs\index.htm
 There are many available samples codes for
testing
 OpenCV Library
cxcore Library
 Basic Data/Support Linear Algebra Structures
• CvPoint :2D point with integer coordinates
• CvPoint2D32f:2D point with floating-point coordinates
• CvMat :Multi-channel matrix
• IplImage: IPL image header
 Operations
• IplImage* cvCreateImage( CvSize size, int depth, int channels );
• IplImage* cvCloneImage( const IplImage* image );
• void cvSetImageROI( IplImage* image, CvRect rect );
 OpenCV Library
cv Library
 It includes many useful algorithms
• Image Processing
• Structural Analysis
• Motion Analysis Algorithm
 Algorithms
• void cvCanny : for edge-detection
• void cvGoodFeaturesToTrack: determine strong corners on
image
• void cvCvtColor :Converts image from one color space to
another
 OpenCV Library

Edge-detection Segmentation

Histogram
 OpenCV Library
Highgui Library
 It includes operations for I/O manipulation
• Simple GUI
• Loading and Saving Images
• Video I/O

CvCapture* capture = 0;
capture = cvCaptureFromCAM() / cvCaptureFromAVI()
IplImage* frame = 0;
frame = cvQueryFrame(capture );
 OpenCV Library
Useful Links
 OpenCV for Linux : basic tutorial
• http://easynews.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/opencvlibra
ry/ippocv.pdf

 Overview of all the capabilities of OpenCV

• http://www.intel.com/research/mrl/research/opencv/overvie
w.htm
Advanced
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