KEMBAR78
Exponential Functions Guide | PDF | Exponential Function | Inequality (Mathematics)
Scribd
Upload
2K views27 pages

Exponential Functions Guide

Exponential functions have the form f(x) = bx, where b > 0 and b ≠ 1. They model phenomena like population growth, exponential decay, and compound interest. Exponential expressions involve terms of the form a ∙ bx−c + d. Exponential equations and inequalities involve setting exponential expressions equal to or relating them with other expressions. Exponential functions are always increasing if b > 1 and decreasing if 0 < b < 1, which is used to solve exponential inequalities. Graphing exponential functions involves making a table of values and plotting points to connect with a smooth curve.

Uploaded by

Sheena Sheen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views27 pages

Exponential Functions Guide

Exponential functions have the form f(x) = bx, where b > 0 and b ≠ 1. They model phenomena like population growth, exponential decay, and compound interest. Exponential expressions involve terms of the form a ∙ bx−c + d. Exponential equations and inequalities involve setting exponential expressions equal to or relating them with other expressions. Exponential functions are always increasing if b > 1 and decreasing if 0 < b < 1, which is used to solve exponential inequalities. Graphing exponential functions involves making a table of values and plotting points to connect with a smooth curve.

Uploaded by

Sheena Sheen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

EXPONENTIAL

FUNCTIONS
Exponential Function
An exponential function with
base b is a function of the
𝑥
form 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏 or 𝑦 = 𝑏 , 𝑥

where 𝑏 > 0, 𝑏 ≠ 1
Real-life of exponential function

• Population growth
• Exponential decay
• Compound interest
Exponential Expression
An exponential expression is
an expression of the form 𝑎 ∙
𝑏 𝑥−𝑐 + 𝑑, where 𝑏 > 0, 𝑏 ≠ 1
Exponential Expressions
Exponential Exponential Exponential
Equation Inequality Function

Function of
An equation An inequality
the form
involving involving
Definition 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏𝑥,
exponential exponential
where 𝑏 > 0,
expressions expressions
𝑏 ≠ 1.

1 𝑥
2𝑥−𝑥 2 𝑓 𝑥 = 1.8
Example 7 = 52𝑥 − 5𝑥+1 ≤ 0
343 𝑦 = 1.8𝑥
TRY…
Determine whether the given is an
exponential function, an exponential
equation, an exponential inequality or none
of these.
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3
2. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥
3. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥
4. 22 5𝑥+1 = 500
5. 625 ≥ 5𝑥+3
SOLVING
EXPONENTIAL
EQUATIONS
AND
INEQUALITIES
WHICH IS?
Which of the following are exponential
functions?
1. 49 = 7𝑥+1 5. 8𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 9
2. 7 = 2𝑥 + 3 6. 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 1
3. 3𝑥 = 32𝑥−1 7. 2𝑥 + 3 > 𝑥 − 1
4. 5𝑥−1 = 125 8. 2𝑥−2 > 8
One-to-one Property of
Exponential Functions
𝑥1 𝑥2
If 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2 , then 𝑏 ≠ 𝑏 .
𝑥1 𝑥2
Conversely, if 𝑏 = 𝑏 then
𝑥1 = 𝑥2 .
A Review…
0 𝑟 𝑠 𝑟𝑠
𝑎 =1 (𝑎 ) = 𝑎
−𝑛
1
𝑎 = 𝑛 𝑟
(𝑎𝑏) = 𝑟
𝑎 𝑏 𝑟
𝑎
𝑟 𝑠 𝑟+𝑠
𝑎 𝑎 =𝑎
𝑎 𝑟 𝑎 𝑟
𝑎𝑟 𝑟−𝑠
=𝑎 =
𝑎𝑠
𝑏 𝑏𝑟
EXAMPLES…

Solve the equation.


1. 4 𝑥−1 = 16
2. 125 𝑥−1 = 25 𝑥+3

𝑥 2 𝑥+3
3. 9 = 3
TRY…

Solve for x.
1. 16 2𝑥−3 =4 𝑥+2

2. 7 𝑥+4 = 49 2𝑥−1
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL
INEQUALITIES
Property of Exponential Inequalities
If 𝑏 > 1, then the exponential function
𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑥 is increasing for all 𝑥. This means
that 𝑏 𝑥 < 𝑏 𝑦 if and only if 𝑥 < 𝑦.
If 0 < 𝑏 < 1 , then the exponential
function 𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑥 is decreasing for all 𝑥.
This means that 𝑏 𝑥 > 𝑏 𝑦 if and only if
𝑥 < 𝑦.
EXAMPLES…

Solve the inequality.


𝑥
1. 3 < 9 𝑥−2

1 𝑥+5 1 3𝑥
2. ≥
10 100
TRY…

Solve for x.
1. 42𝑥+7 ≤ 32 2𝑥−3

2 5𝑥−1 25
2. ≥
5 4
GRAPHING
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
How to graph exponential
functions?
1. Construct a table of values of
ordered pairs for the given
function.
2. Plot the points found in the
table and connect them using a
smooth curve.
EXAMPLES…
𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 .
EXAMPLES…
𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 .
𝒙 −𝟒 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
1 1 1 1
𝑓(𝑥) 1 2 4 8
16 8 4 2
EXAMPLES…
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 .
EXAMPLES…
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 .
EXAMPLES…

1 𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = .
2
EXAMPLES…

1 𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = .
2
𝒙 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
1 1 1 1
𝑓(𝑥) 8 4 2 1
2 4 8 16
EXAMPLES…
1 𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = .
2
EXAMPLES…
1 𝑥
Graph 𝑓 𝑥 = .
2
PROPERTIES OF
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
The following properties of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑥 ,
where 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑏 ≠ 1 , can be
observed from the graph:
(a) The domain is the set ℝ.
(b) The range is the set 0, +∞
(c) It is a one-to-one function. It
satisfies the Horizontal Line Test.
PROPERTIES OF
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
𝑥
The following properties of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏 ,
where 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑏 ≠ 1 , can be
observed from the graph:
(d) The y-intercept is 1. There is no x-
intercept.
(e) The horizontal asymptote is the
line 𝑦 = 0 (or the x-axis).There is
no vertical asymptote.

You might also like