Online File Formats for Images
and Text
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IMAGE FILE FORMATS
Image File Formats
Image Formats bring different ways to overcome the problem of delivering an image with
reduced file size and minimum download time.
Image File Formats are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images.
Image files are composed of digital data in one of theses formats that can be rasterized
for use on a computer display or printer.
LOSSLESS VS LOSSY
Lossless image formats capture all of the data of your original file. Nothing from the original
file, photo, or piece of art is lost—hence the term “lossless.” The file may still be
compressed, but all lossless formats will be able to reconstruct your image to its original
state.
Lossy image formats approximate what your original image looks like. For example, a lossy
image might reduce the amount of colors in your image or analyze the image for any
unnecessary data. These clever technical tricks will typically reduce the file size, though
they may reduce the quality of your image.
Typically, lossy files are much smaller than lossless files, making them ideal to use online
where file size and download speed are vital.
• Raster Images
Raster images are typically
used for photographs, Raster images are made
digital artwork and web up of a set grid of dots
graphics (such as banner called pixels where each
ads, social media content pixel is assigned a color.
and email graphics).
Raster Images
JPEG is a lossy raster format that stands for Joint
Photographic Experts Group, the technical team that
developed it.
This is one of the most widely used formats online,
JPEG/JPG typically for photos, email graphics and large web
images like banner ads.
JPEG images have a sliding scale of compression that
decreases file size tremendously, but increases artifacts
or pixilation the more the image is compressed.
You’re dealing with online photos and/or
artwork. JPEGs offer you the most flexibility
with raster editing and compression making
them ideal for web images that need to be
You should downloaded quickly.
You want to print photos and/or artwork. At
use a JPEG high resolution files with low compression,
JPEGs are perfect for editing and then
when… printing.
You need to send a quick preview
image to a client. JPEG images can be
reduced to very small sizes making them
great for emailing.
JPEG/JPG
GIF
GIF is a lossless raster format that stands for Graphics Interchange Format.
GIF is also a widely used web image format, typically for animated graphics like banner
ads, email images and social media memes.
You should use a GIF when…
You want to create web animation. GIF images hold all of the animation frames and
timing information in one single file. Image editors like Photoshop make it easy to
create a short animation and export it as a GIF.
You need transparency. GIF images have an “alpha channel” that can be
transparent, so you can place your image on any colored background.
You need a small file. The compression techniques in the GIF format allow image files
to shrink tremendously. For very simple icons and web graphics, GIF is the best image
file format.
GIF
PNG
PNG is a lossless raster format that stands for Portable Network Graphics. Think of PNGs as
the next-generation GIF.
This format has built-in transparency, but can also display higher color depths, which
translates into millions of colors.
PNGs are a web standard and are quickly becoming one of the most common image
formats used online.
You should use a PNG when…
You need high-quality transparent web graphics.
You have illustrations with limited colors.
You need a small file. PNG files can shrink to incredibly tiny sizes—especially images that
are simple colors, shapes or text. This makes it the ideal image file type for web graphics.
PNG
TIFF is a lossless raster format that stands for
Tagged Image File Format. Because of its
extremely high quality, the format is
primarily used in photography and desktop
TIFF/TIF publishing.
You’ll likely encounter TIFF files when you
scan a document or take a photo with a
professional digital camera.
You should use a TIF when…
You need high-quality print graphics.
You are making a high-quality scan. Using TIFF to scan your documents, photos and
artwork will ensure that you have the best original file to work off of.
TIF/TIFF
A raw image format contains the
unprocessed data captured by a digital
camera or scanner’s sensor.
Raw images store the unprocessed and
RAW processed data in two separate files, so
you’re left with the highest quality image
possible that you can edit non-destructively
with a photo editing application like
Photoshop.
You should use a Raw when…
You are shooting and editing photos. Make sure your camera is set to RAW so you can
capture the most versatile image. Then, use a compatible photo-editing application to
adjust your image.
Raw
PSD is a proprietary layered image
format that stands for Photoshop
Document.
These are original design files created
in Photoshop that are fully editable
PSD with multiple layers and image
adjustments.
PSDs are primarily used to create and
edit raster images, but this unique
format can also contain vector layers
as well, making it extremely flexible for
a number of different projects.
You need to edit artwork for digital or print. That could
be a photo, painting, drawing, or anything else.
Photoshop is the right tool to make sure every line,
You should use
shadow and texture is in place.
You want to get fancy with animation and
a PSD when… video. Photoshop makes it easy to cut together simple
video clips and add graphics, filters, text, animation and
more.
PSD
• Vector Images
When you shrink or enlarge a vector
Vector images are essentially giant
image, your shapes get larger, but
math equations, and each dot, line
you won’t lose any detail or get any
and shape is represented by its own
pixelation. Because your image will
equation. Every “equation” can be
always render identically, no matter
assigned a color, stroke or thickness
the size, there is no such thing as a
(among other styles) to turn the
lossy or lossless vector image type.
shapes into art. Unlike raster images,
Vector images are typically used for
vector images are
logos, icons, typesetting and digital
resolution independent.
illustrations.
Vector Images
PDF stands for Portable Document Format and is an
image format used to display documents and graphics
correctly, no matter the device, application, operating
system or web browser.
PDF At its core, PDF files have a powerful vector graphics
foundation, but can also display everything from raster
graphics to form fields to spreadsheets. Because it is a
near universal standard, PDF files are often the file
format requested by printers to send a final design into
production.
You should use a PDF when…
You’re ready to print.
You want to display documents on the web. You wouldn’t use a PDF for a single icon
or logo, but it’s great for posters, flyers, magazines and booklets. PDFs will keep your
entire design in one package, making it easy to view, download or print.
PDF
EPS is an image format that stands for
Encapsulated PostScript.
Although it is used primarily as a vector
EPS format, an EPS file can include both
vector and raster image data.
Typically, an EPS file includes a single
design element that can be used in a
larger design.
You should use a EPS when…
You need to send a vector logo to a client, designer or a printer. With an EPS file, you
don’t have to worry about where the logo will be placed or printed. No matter the
size, it will always appear at the correct resolution.
EPS
AI is a proprietary vector image format that stands for
Adobe Illustrator.
AL Like those formats, AI files are primarily a vector-based
format, though they can also include embedded or
linked raster images.
You should use a AL when…
1 2 3
You need to edit a You need to You need to set
vector design. create a logo, type for a logo.
icon or brand
mascot.
AL
Text File Formats
Image File Format
Files in the text file format are files in which the bytes represents the text characters of a
particular character set using a specific system to relate the brinary numbers in the file to
the text characters of the set.
The text file format includes a number of different formatting strategies for the text files in
which data fields are structured in a regular pattern.
DOC/DOCX
RTF
TYPES OF TEXT TXT
FILE FORMAT HTML
PDF
ZIP
Microsoft’s Word (word processing)
software saves documents using the .doc
filename extension
DOC/DOCX These files contain special formatting codes
that identify how the text with look ( bold,
italic, color, typeface, etc.)as well as how
the page lays out (margins, Indention, etc.)
RTF
Stands for Rich Text Format
RTF documents are designed to transfer documents between word processing
software
These files use .rtf filename extensions
TXT
TXT documents only contain text
This format only stores the text itself, with no information about formatting, fonts,
page size, or anything like that
The details of the format are freely available and standardized
Stands for HyperText Markup
Language
It use either .htm or .html filename
HTML extensions
HTML files contain codes that browsers,
like Internet Explorer or Safari, translate
into web pages
PDF
Stands for Portable Document Format
PDF files use a .pdf filename extension
This software must be purchased and converts files created by other softwares, like
Microsoft’s Word, into a read- only pdf file
In this format case, the text plus formatting, page size and similar information are
stored in a moderately complex encoding
ZIP files are compressed data files
Files of ZIP format use the .zip filename extension
ZIP ZIP files can contain several compressed files under one
filename, called an archive, when using the WinZip
software
https://99designs.com/blog/tips/image-file-
types/#raster
References https://www.slideshare.net/anugarg39501/file-formats-
and-its-types
