3rd Innovators and Industry meet
for 1st Sept 2018
at IETE HQ, New Delhi
A Project
on
“Arduino Based RADAR SYSTEM”
Submitted by:
Pranjal Sharma (ECE-3rd yr.)
Mayank Mrinal (ECE-3rd yr.)
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
COMPONENTS
ARDUINO UNO
SG 90 –SERVO METER
ULTRASONIC SENSOR HC SR04
EXPERIMENTAL PROCESS FLOW
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROGRAMMING OF ARDUINO UNO
APPLICATIONS OF RADAR
ADVANTAGES OF RADAR
RADAR
What is RADAR an acronym for
Radio Detection and Ranging
Radio wave is enerated, transmitted, reflected and
detected
RADAR unimpaired by night, fog, clouds, smoke
RADAR is good for isolated targets against a relatively
featureless background
COMPONENTS
Arduino UNO Microcontroller
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
Servo MOTOR
Breadboard
ARDUINO UNO
The Arduino UNO is a
microcontroller board based
on the ATmega328.
It has 14 digital Input / Output
pins (of which 6 can be used as
PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs,
a 16MHz ceramic resonator,
USB connection, a power jack,
an ICSP header and a reset
button.
It contains everything needed
to support the microcontroller;
simply connect it to computer
with a USB cable or power it
with a AC-to-DC adapter or
battery to get started.
SERVO MOTOR
A servomotor is a rotary actuator
that allows for precise control of
angular position, velocity and
acceleration.
It consists of a suitable motor
coupled to a sensor for position
feedback.
Servomotors are used in
applications such as robotics, CNC
machinery or automated
manufacturing
Ultrosonic Sensor HC-SR04
Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04
provides 2cm - 400cm non-contact
measurement function, the ranging
accuracy can reach to 3mm.
The modules includes ultrasonic
transmitters, receiver and control
circuit.
The basic principle of work: (1) Using IO
trigger for at least 10us high level
signal, (2) The Module automatically
sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether
there is a pulse signal back.(3) IF the
signal back, through high level , time of
high output IO duration is the time
from sending ultrasonic to returning.
Test distance = (high level
time*velocity of sound (340m/S) / 2.
Experiment-process flow
Design of Ultrasonic RADAR.
Design of rotating mechanism for sensor.
Implementation of trans-receiver program with Arduino
UNO microcontroller.
Visual output of the RADAR in screen with PROCESSING
tool.
Assembling all the electronic parts in plastic case.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF RADAR
SYSTEM
Power
Supply
Atmega 328
Circuit diagram of Arduino Based Radar
System
Programming in Arduino UNO
1. Arduino Uno micro controller board was connected
with Pc or Laptop via standard USB cable.
2. The program codes were written in C compiler
based Arduino IDE.
3. Sensor and motor’s Input and output were assigned
into the program In the following manner:-
#include <Servo.h>.
#define PWR 13
#define GND 8
#define trigPin 9 // for ECO 1
#define echoPin 10 // for ECO 1
Servo myServo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin (9600);
myServo.attach(6);
pinMode(trigPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin1, INPUT)
pinMode(PWR, OUTPUT);
pinMode(GND, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(PWR, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GND, LOW);
}
Programming Processing Tool For
RADAR Screen Visual
1. Serial output data of arduino
contains present status of
rotation angle and measured
distance by two sensors in
centimeter.
2. These three serial output
parameters were ansferred
to processing environment
software.
3. With the help of java script
coding a visual interface was
developed and using the
serial o/p parameters from
arduino, real time
visualization of the dual
radar was developed.
RADAR SYSTEM
RADAR Screen by Processing Tool
FIELD OF APPLICATION
MILITARY
REMOTE SENSING
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
HIGHWAY SECURITY
NAVIGATION
SHIP SECURITY
SPACE (SATTELITY)
MILITARY
Important part of Air Defence System,
Operation of offensive Missiles & Other
Weapon.
Target Detection,Target Tracking & Weapon
Control.
Also used in area , ground & air surveillance.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Used to safely control air
traffic in vicinity of the
airports and enroute.
Ground vehicular traffic
& aircraft taxing.
Mapping of regions of
rain in the Vicinity of
airports & weather.
ADVANTAGES OF RADAR
RADAR provide superior n penetration capability through any of weather
condition , and can be use in the day or night time.
Radar uses radio wave that does not require a medium , so can be use in
space or air.
Radar can be long range and wave propagate at the speed of light rather
then sound(like with sonar).
Stationary mode
Still very reliably and advanced.
Beam spread can incorporate many target.
Can often select fastest target or best reflection.
Very flexible- can be used in a number of ways.
CONCLUSION
RADAR is used to find velocity, range and position of
the object. Advantage of RADAR is that it provide
superior penetration capability through any type of
weather condition.
LIDAR is advanced type of the radar which uses visible
light from laser.
REFERENCES
http://www.howtomechatronics.com/projects
http://www.radartutorial.en/01.basics
https://www.jlab.org/ir/MITSeries/V1-1
R I E S
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