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Introduction to
Computer Organization and Architecture
(COA)
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CONTEXT
English
Preparation
Programming with Alice
Computer Programming
Introduction to
Semester 1 Organization and Fundamentals
Computing
Architecture using C
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Explore Hardware
Do it Yourself
Right click the Computer item in the Start Menu
Choose Properties
You can see information about the CPU, Ram capacity, OS
Choose the item
Choose the tag Hardware in the System Properties window
Click the button Device Manager
Expand the item Processors in the Device Manager window you can
see information about processors in your computer
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Explore Hardware
Do it Yourself
Type Ctrll + Alt + Delete
Choose Start Task Manager
In the Windows Task Manager window,
Choose the tab Applications, count number of running applications
Choose the tab Processes
Click the button Show processes from all users at the bottom of the window,
count number of running processes.
You knew number of processors in your computer and number of running
processes.
In average, how many processes are executed by one processor?
How some processes can run on one processor?
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Why should COA be studied?
Course Objectives
Important questions:
How are computers organized?
How are computers made?
How are combinational circuits made?
How may we understand the way computers work?
How can computers allow many programs running
concurrently?
What are answers for above questions?
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Course Resource
Book: William Stallings, 2012, Computer Organization and
Architecture: Design for Performance, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall.
Tool: MASM32 SDK version 11(masm32v11r.zip), MASM64
Free Download Link:
http://www.masm32.com/
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=12654
http://www.windows8downloads.com/win8-masm-64.html
MASM 64( Important): Make sure you have Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition installed
on your computer. This is a prerequisite for the installation of this package. It will not
install otherwise.
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Course Description: 16 chapters
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Computer Evolution and Performance"
Chapter3: A Top-Level View of Computer
Function and Interconnection
Memories
Chapter 4: Cache Memory
Chapter 5: Internal Memory
Chapter 6: External Memory
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Course Description
Chapter 7: Input/Output
Chapter 8: Operating System Support
Chapter 11: Digital Logic
Instruction Set of CPU
Chapter 12: Instruction Sets: Characteristics and Functions
Chapter 13: Instruction Sets: Addressing Modes and
Formats, Assembly Language
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Course Description
CPUs
Chapter 14: Processor Structure and Function
Chapter 15: Reduced Instruction Set Computers
Chapter 16: Instruction-Level Parallelism and
Superscalar Processors
Chapter 17: Parallel Processing
Chapter 18: Multicore Computers
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Course plan
See it on LMS
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Course Rules
How to conduct
Prepare contents of the next session at home
Following lessons in classrooms
Completing chapter assessment in time and Quizzes (via CMS)
Communication
Class
Interchange by FU-HCM CMS, Forum
Discussing actively in your teams and in classrooms
Free to question and answer
Others
Off phone/ No game, no chat in class
Use laptops under teacher’s instruction
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Evaluation Strategy
Must attend more than 80% of contact hours
(if not, not allow to take exam).
Evaluating
16 Exercises (E) 30 % (Use notebook)
2 Assignment (A) 30% ( Assembly programs)
Final Exam (FE) 40 %
Total score=30%(E)+30%(A)+40% (FE)
Pass:All on-going assessment > 0 and Total score ≥ 5
and Final Examination ≥ 4 (of 10)
Retake only the Final Exam when not passed
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How to study?
This course is complex knowledge (however, it’s attractive and exciting),
so you need to keep tight grip on it
Read
On the books to get the general concept
Reference, study, collection from anywhere else (internet, your classmate, forum
…)
Attend lectures
Listen, understand, then make your own notes
Give your explanation about some topic in lectures
Ask questions
Practice all the exercises, demo to make your sense
After classes
Discuss your classmate in directly, on forum
Do exercises required
Build your teams in yourselves to support together in studying
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Academic Policy
Cheating, plagiarism and breach of copyright are
serious offenses under this Policy.
Cheating
Cheating during a test or exam is construed as talking, peeking at
another student’s paper or any other clandestine method of transmitting
information.
Plagiarism
Plagiarism is using the work of others without citing it; that is, holding
the work of others out as your own work.
Breach of Copyright
If you photocopy a textbook without the copyright holder's permission,
you violate copyright law.
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Enjoy the Course
Be enthusiastic about the material because it is
interesting, useful and an important part of your
training as an IT engineer.
We will do our best but we need your help.
So let’s all have fun together with COA!!!
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Chapter 1: Introduction
William Stallings, Computer Organization and Architecture.
9th Edition
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Objectives
Why should we study this chapter?
Distinguishing architecture and organization
What is a hierachical system?
What are basic computer functions?
What are main structural components of the computer?
System: an assemblage of related parts in which there exists an
operating mechanism.
Hierarchical system: a system in which each part have a level but
without a like or equal
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Contents
1.1- Organization and Architecture.
1.2- Structure and functions
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1.1- Computer Organization and Architecture
• Attributes of a system visible to the • Instruction set, number of
programmer bits used to represent various
• Have a direct impact on the logical data types, I/O
execution of a program mechanisms, techniques for
addressing memory
include:
Computer attributes
Architecture Architectural
Differences:
include:
attributes Computer
Organizational Organization
• Hardware details transparent to the • The operational units and
programmer, control signals, interfaces their interconnections that
between the computer and peripherals, realize the architectural
memory technology used specifications
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Read by yourself:
IBM System/370 Architecture
IBM System/370 architecture
Was introduced in 1970
Included a number of models
Could upgrade to a more expensive, faster model without having to abandon
(chối bỏ) original software
New models are introduced with improved technology, but retain the same
architecture so that the customer’s software investment is protected
Architecture has survived to this day as the architecture of IBM’s mainframe
product line
More details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/370
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Building Block
Who are interested in computers with
architectural look?
Who are interested in computers with
organizational look?
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1.2- Structure and Function
Hierarchical system Structure
Set of interrelated subsystems The way in which components
(modules) relate to each other
Hierarchical nature of complex Function
systems is essential to both their
The operation of individual
design and their description
components as part of the
Designer need only deal with a structure
particular level of the system at a
time
Concerned with structure and
function at each level
Modularity is the degree to which system's components may be
separated and recombined
Module is a specific discrete thing/named code/circuit which has it’s
own function to use
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Things
Functions provided as
means to some
end (peripherals
A computer can perform )
four basic functions:
● Data processing
● Data storage
● Data movement
● Control
+ Open the Notepad
application
Input text to this application
Minimizethe Notepad
window and all opened
Practical & windows to the task bar
Discussion
Type the keyboard the text:
“I hate you”
Giveyour explanation about
things happened
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Operations Peripheral 1 Peripheral 2
(a)
Data movement
+Operations External
environment
(b)
Data storage read
write
Building block:
Why data from an
external device can not
move to storage
automatically?
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Operations
(c)
Data movement
Building block: read
Open the Calculator to
compute some numeric
operations. Give your
explanation write
compute
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Operations
(d)
Control
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linkages
The
Computer
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1+2
1 + 2
3
Structure
Try to verify
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CPU – controls the operation of
the computer and performs its data
There are four processing functions
main structural
components Main Memory – stores data
of the computer: I/O – moves data between the
computer and its external
environment
System Interconnection – some
mechanism that provides for
communication among CPU, main
memory, and I/O
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CPU Controls the operation of the CPU and
hence the computer
Major structural
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
components: Performs the computer’s data processing
function
Registers
Provide storage internal to the CPU
CPU Interconnection
Some mechanism that provides for
communication among the control unit,
ALU, and registers
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Exercises
(Write your answers to your notebook)
1.1
What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer
organization and computer architecture?
1.2What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer
structure and computer function?
1.3 What are the four main functions of a computer?
1.4
List and briefly define the main structural components of a
computer.
1.5
List and briefly define the main structural components of a
processor.
+ Summary
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Introduction
Chapter 1
Computer Organization
Structure
CPU
Computer Architecture Main memory
Function
I/O
Data processing
System interconnection
Data storage CPU structural components
Data movement Control unit
Control ALU
Registers
CPU interconnection
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Internet Resources
- Web site for book
http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA9e.html
Links to sites of interest
Links to sites for courses that use the book
Errata list for book
Information on other books by W. Stallings
http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html
Math
How-to
Research resources
Misc
