Module 05

TCP and UDP Communication

azaj.ikbal
 Agenda

After this lesson, you should be able to do the following:

 Purpose of Transport Layer

Layer - 7 Application
User support Layers
Layer - 6 Presentation or
Software Layers
Layer - 5 Session

Layer - 4 Transport Core layer of the OSI

Layer - 3 Network
Network support Layers
Layer - 2 Data Link or
Hardware Layers
Layer - 1 Physical
Role of the Transport Layer
Tracking the Conversations
Segmentation
Identifying the Application
Transport Layer Services
Transport Layer Reliability
Transport Layer Protocol
 Transport Layer Protocols

TCP UDP

Transmission Control Protocol User Datagram Protocol

Connection Oriented Connection Less Oriented

Support Acknowledgement Acknowledgement not required

Reliable Communication Unreliable Communication

Provides flow control options No options for Flow control

Slower Data Transportation Faster Data Transportation

Small Header size (20 Bytes) Large Header Size (8 Bytes)

Example: FTP, SMTP, HTTP, SSH Example: SNMP, DHCP, TFTP, VoIP
Segment Size of Transport Layer
TCP Segment
 TCP Segment Details
 Source Port (16 bits) and Destination Port (16 bits)
o Used to identify the application
 Sequence number (32 bits) 
o Used for data reassembly purposes.
 Acknowledgment number (32 bits) 
o Indicates the data that has been received.
 Header length (4 bits) 
o Known as ʺdata offsetʺ. Indicates the length of the TCP segment header.
 Reserved (6 bits) 
o This field is reserved for the future.
 Control bits (6 bits) 
o SYN, ACK, URG, FIN, PSH, RST 6 Controls bits for function of the TCP segment .
 Window size (16 bits)
o Indicates the number of bytes that can be accepted at one time.
 Checksum (16 bits)
o Used for error checking of the segment header and data.
 Urgent (16 bits) 
 Indicates if data is urgent.
UDP Header Size (8 Bytes)
Well-Know Port TCP and UDP Port List
 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Web Server (HTTP)

Client (Firefox) Client (Chrome) Client (IE)