Module 3

Cloud Computing
Summarize the Needs, History, Benefits and
Limitations of Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing is a technology which utilizes the Internet and
central isolated servers in order to sustain applications and data.
• Users can access applications and data at any workstation through
the Internet.
• This technology permits much more effective computing by efficient
use of bandwidth, processing, and storage memory
ESSENTIALS OF CLOUD COMPUTING
• provides an off-premise computing facility like storing data on virtual
resources using the Internet.
• The main component behind cloud computing is the data center.
• The data center refers to an on-premise hardware facility that is used
for many purposes, for example, storing data on the local network.
• Cloud computing offers services instead of a product
• shared software, information, and resources are supplied to computers
and other tools efficiently over a network.
• Cloud users should not need to identify the site and other particulars
such as infrastructure
• End users access cloud-based applications via light-weight desktop, a
web browser, or different mobile applications
• applications such as data and business software are saved on servers
at an isolated site.
The basic structure of cloud computing

Facilities and services are offered by cloud providers in a cloud computing environment and different users
from various locations and devices can request for specific services that are offered.
Benefits of cloud computing
• It improves parallelism and allocation of resources for fast accessing
• We get software services, networked storage space, computer
resources, and various other services at a single place
• We get software renewals (with no charge)
• It reduces monetary burden such as operational expenses, renewing
charge, and capital expenses
• Hotmail, Gmail, Yahoo email, etc., are all examples of cloud
computing.
• We do not need a server or software for using them.
• Customers would just require an Internet connection
• So the term ‘cloud’ is a set of hardware, network, storage, services,
and interfaces that facilitate the service.
Cloud architecture
• 5 main components of cloud infrastructure.
• Front-end interface for users for simple access and for using cloud
resources
• Management for handling networking resources (depending on
amount of network traffic)
• Storage for virtual machine
• Storage tool to access storage resources in virtual machines
• Monitoring tools for creating and managing the operation of virtual
machines on the cloud
There are two types of a cloud environment:
• The end user who has no idea about cloud complexity
• The cloud service provider who has the liability of controlling the complete
cloud environment and offer services to the consumer.
• The service provider should provide Data security, IT resources, uploading,
and other services offered to the user.
• Various services and resources are provided to users by the cloud provider
• This is suggested and managed by the cloud administrator.
• Cloud computing gives users the option of accessing information from any
place at any point of time.
• A company is required to pay for the cloud service -storage space,
hardware, and software
• Small corporations may save their information on the cloud, which
will lessen the price of buying hardware and memory tools.
• They only need to purchase a specific volume of storage space, as per
the requirement.
• We require an Internet connection to access the cloud. The benefit of
this is that we can access that record from anywhere
challenges associated with a conventional infrastructure:

• There are many challenges associated with a conventional infrastructure:

• Software licensing and support For every application and data center, licensing is needed.
In cloud computing, only a single licence is needed for the application.
• Scalability Conventional infrastructure cannot extend easily at a particular instance of
time. It has to regularly improve in order to face the challenges.
• Accountability The application in conventional infrastructure never has vital liability and
power.
• Modifiability When alteration is needed, the application needs extra charge.
• Physical security It is tough to uphold security
• Cost-effective management To make the application significantly accessible, the
replication of data is required from time to time, which is very cost effective for a
organization.
Need for Cloud Computing
• Reduced Costs
• Scalability
• Remote Access
• Disaster Relief
• Ease of Implementation
• Skilled Vendors
• Response Time
• Easy to Customize
• Virtual Provisioning
• Fully Automated Storage Tiering—FAST
• Reduced Cost:
• helps in the reduction of expenditure of an organization.
• if we are offered a business application over the Internet, we need not deploy and set up any
resource at our own risk or cost.
• Cloud computing services can minimize the updating requirement of software and hardware
because expenses of maintenance and upgradation are handled by the cloud provider.
• users can concentrate on their main business, the cloud provider handles the technical complexities
• cloud computing follows a pay-as-you-go approach, and only a low preliminary investment is
needed.
• The technology behind the cloud eliminates the servers’ cost, maintenance fees, data center space,
software licences, etc.
• Hence, asset expenses are minimized.
• Customer organizational support and maintenance expenses are minimized drastically as these
costs are shifted to the cloud supplier, comprising 24/7 support.
• No need of extremely trained and costly IT professionals.
• corporations need not purchase and deploy costly platforms and software in order to host the
software.
• End users are just needed to subscribe to services desired by them, rather than purchasing
necessary software.
Scalability
• One of the biggest advantages of cloud computing is that a business
pays only for the services it avails. Cloud computing is scalable and
flexible, and it permits businesses to pay as per work and the
resources they use.
• cloud computing is based on virtualized technology. RAM space,
storage, etc., are simple and swift to use and append. The
requirements of a business can be fulfilled easily.
• Businesses have to pay according to their demand, that is, pay more
for more demand and less for less demand
• The cloud service supplier deals with the business requirements . As
this service frees up time, more focus more can be given for
functioning of the company
Remote Access
• it becomes very easy to synchronize data access between
international offices
• Data can be shared between offices that are far from each other
through isolated access. The advantages of isolated access are that
any tool can be used, any time and at any place.
• Complex jobs can be completed collectively by Cooperating on shared
records. Private files can be accessed from any location.
• Web and cloud computing facilitate people to share and access;
isolated access is the chief advantage of these technologies.
• Isolated access functions in three fundamental methods.
• The first is the streaming of data from one machine to another; this
occurs when a person online listens to a radio station or watches a
movie.
• The second one is when web applications exhibit an interface which
permits the web user to interact with an application such as an online
store or a search engine.
• The third one is when files are made comprehensible on an isolated
desktop computer through desktop sharing and isolated control
software. Files are cloned to the PC of the end user and cloned back
to the initial site.
• Disaster Relief
Disaster recovery control measures should be employed to
protect data. Cloud virtualization techniques permit restoration and
backup. As compared to a conventional data center, it provides flawless
migration of applications.
• Ease of Implementation
Anybody can get started on cloud computing. It is easy to learn
and use applications and these are accessible at a cost-free trial, to
check if it suits some small enterprises or not.
• Skilled Vendors
Highly talented workers are appointed by cloud service providers and
businesses that use cloud services, to maintain quality service.
• Response Time
• The response time, of cloud computing is faster when
compared to normal hardware and server.
• There is no chance of data loss. Round-the-clock access is one of the
assurances of cloud computing, but the truth is that it is not possible
every time.
• A steady Internet access at user end is required
• Eg: Box.net is an online workspace service meant for file grouping and
sharing, and QuickBooks Online is a multi-user accounting software
• Easy to Customize
Customization may be possible for easy access of resources , as per our need.
• Other advantages
• Pre-configured operating system—A variety of famous Linux allocations (Debian, Red
Hat, Ubuntu, Arch, Fedora Enterprise Linux, and several editions of Windows-based
servers)
• Committed IP addresses for cloud servers
• Conversion between servers in the similar cloud ( free of conversion expenses and at
high speed)
• Allocation or replication over many remote sites
• Virtual Provisioning
storage space is allocated on demand to various users on the
virtual storage network.
The physical disk storage is controlled , monitored and maintained
through a virtual environment.
• Thin provisioning is another term used for virtual provisioning.
• Virtual provisioning is mainly used in a virtual environment, whereas
thin provisioning is generally used in a physical computing
environment.
• Virtual provisioning does not ensure the assigning of a higher storage
capacity to VMs. It offers physical storage to each unit of virtual
memory, based on the demands of the user.
• Fully Automated Storage Tiering—FAST
• Fully automated storage tiering (FAST) mechanically shifts active data
to storage tiers with high performance computing and stationary data
to different storage spaces at low cost.
• By continuously monitoring FAST, one can easily identify active or
inactive data. On the basis of set principles, the administrator can
control and manage systems automatically. It is an optimized method
that does not add any extra expenditure and burden on the system.