Database Design and Implementation

MOD002589

Lecture 1
Introduction to Database Design
Dr. Arooj Fatima
STRUCTURE OF THIS LECTURE
 About the module leader and tutors
 Overview of the module
 Course Elements
 Learning Outcomes
 Introduction to the module
 What is Database Design & Implementation?
 Why do we bother?
 What does this module cover? (Brief Plan)
 Assessment
ABOUT THE MODULE LEADER
 Dr. Arooj Fatima
 Email: arooj.fatima@anglia.ac.uk
 Office: SCI 206 (Science Center)
 Office hours: Mondays 12:00-13:00
14:00-15:00
 Lecturer in Computing & Technology
 Research in:
 Semantic Web and Databases
 Artificial Intelligence
 Search Queries
 Welcome to talk to me and email me
ABOUT THE MODULE TUTORS
 Dr. Arooj Fatima

 Email: arooj.fatima@anglia.ac.uk
 Office: SCI 206
 12+ years of database design experience in
industry, 3 years of teaching this module
MODULE ELEMENTS
 Lectures
 Weeks 1-11
 Mondays 09:00 – 10:00
 Room: Cos 313

 Tutorials
 Weeks 1-12
 Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays
 Room: Sci 305, Com 207

 Assessment
 Explained later
LEARNING OUTCOMES
LO1: Link the flow of activity in the sequence of capturing the
state of the real world in terms of data

LO2: Model data, and the prescriptive translation of that model to

data constructs for machine purposes.

LO3: Specify the structure of database, for example relations,

and queries for a machine-held database using a sound and
advanced knowledge of a database language.

LO4: Prove the soundness of the database by querying

EXPECTATIONS

Attendance and Attention

Attend all your classes. Arrive on time. Take an active part in your class.

No laptops / phones / other electronic devices during lectures

“Multi-tasking with gadgets may shorten attention span, making it harder to
focus and form memories” (Loh & Kanai, 2014)

Reading
15 Credits module => 150 Hours of study => at least 10 hours per week

Source of Images: Courtesy of pixabay.com

SO, WHAT IS THIS MODULE ABOUT?
WHAT DO WE STORE ON COMPUTING
DEVICES?
 Documents
 Pictures
 Videos
 Applications

AND

 Information (DATA)
HOW DO WE STORE DATA?
STORING COMPUTER DATA
Computer data can be stored in multiple ways
 Text Files
 Word Documents
 Excel Sheets
 …

OR
 Databases
PROBLEMS WITH TEXT FILES
Difficult to…

 Eliminate redundant/
duplicate Data
 maintain
 search or query
 link different data
sources
EXCEL MAY BE AN OPTION
Arranged

Readable

Calculated

&

Findable

Data
PROBLEMS WITH EXCEL…
 Problems with large files
 Difficult to search or query
 More processing required to link different data sources
 Hard to extract calculated data
 Hard to perform run-time calculations
WHAT IS DATABASE?
When it comes to store information about things such as persons,
locations, documents etc., we need a proper system that stores
and arranges information in a findable format e.g. database.

“A database is a collection of information that is organized so that

it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated”

(Leake, 2015)
WHERE DO WE USE A
DATABASE?
With…
 Windows applications
 Web pages
 Mobile Applications
 Games
WHO SHOULD BOTHER?
You… who may choose a career in
 Database Administration
 Data Management
 Web Development
 Application Development
 Game Development

Figure: Source (Modified) | License

CAREER AS A DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR

Figure : Source (screenshot, 14/09/2019)

OTHER CAREERS

Figure : Source (Jobsite, 214/09/2019)

IN THIS MODULE OK… I understand the
use of a database. But
how do we do that?
We will cover …
Well… that we
will learn in
 How do we design a database? this module

 How do we implement a
database?
 How do we manipulate data in a
database?

Figure: Source (Modified) | License

A BRIEF OVERVIEW
What you should expect to learn in this module?
&
What do we expect you to demonstrate for the assessment?
DATABASE DEVELOPMENT
LIFECYCLE
e nts 1
e m
quir
Re Requirements
w
t Ne Analysis
Ge
5 2

Release Database Design/

Modelling

Development
Lifecycle
3
4
Implementati
Testing
on
1. REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
WHY DO WE NEED REQUIREMENTS
ANALYSIS?
 To understand the needs of the system
 To implement a database that fulfil the needs of the system

Requirements can be gathered for

 A new system
 OR an existing system
OUTCOME OF REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
 Entities
An entity in database is something that user wants to track
e.g. entities for a hospital management system can be
Patients, Staff, Rooms, Medicines, Treatments etc.
 Attributes
Entities have attributes that describe their characteristics
e.g. attributes for entity Patient can be first name,
surname, age, dob, address etc.

(Kroenke and Auer, 2010, p.175)

Example of Requirement Analysis - Brainstorming
2. DESIGN / MODELLING
A standard way of designing a database is creating a
model.

What is a model?
A database model is a way to represent real world entities
in a format that can be translated to a database
development language.
Example of Database Model
3. IMPLEMENTATION
Implement database model using a database design
language e.g. SQL (Structured Query Language).

Database
Management
Systems
4. TESTING / EVALUATION
Test your database using Queries that demonstrates the
use of the system in real world and validate the database
design.
5. RELEASE
 You demonstrate your queries to your tutor
 You submit your report
ASSIGNMENT
 100% coursework
 One assignment
 2pm Friday 13th December 2019
 Analyse 3 existing eCommerce websites
 Design supporting database
 Build database and prove it works
 Submission online via Turnitin
ASSIGNMENT
 Requirements Analysis (three existing websites) 10%

 Design / Modelling 25%

 Implementation 10%

 Testing Queries 50%

 Demonstration 05%
P
Demo
&

L
Submission
Week12

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Week11
Feedback
on your
Week9 Good
Future

design Week8 Practices LO

N Administra LO 1,2,3,

Wee Week7 tion 1,2,3,

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Lifecycle
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E LO 1,2 -
Mod
elling

Week1: Introduction to the learning Outcomes and module

R
READING LIST Complete Reading List

12th Edition - Available online 11th Edition - Available ARU Library

REFERENCES
 Kroenke, D.M. and Auer D.J., 2010. Database processing :
fundamentals, design, and implementation [e-book]. 11th ed.
London: Pearson.

 Leake, A., 2015. Database [online]. Available

at:<http://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/database>.
[Accessed on 1 September 2016].
 Figure : Source (Office Online Resources) | License

ANY QUESTIONS?