Fog computing

MUTHYALA PAVANI
197Q1A0595
What is FOG Computing.
The term “FOG COMPUTING” was introduced by
the Cisco systems ,a bridge between IoTs and the
Cloud
FOG Computing is technology that extends cloud
computing and services to the edge of the network.
It provides data , compute ,storage and application
services to the users like cloud
Fog computing is an emerging technology that is
basically used for Internet of Things (IoT)

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  Fog extends cloud to be closer to
things that produced data.
 Fog can be distinguished from cloud
by its proximity to end-users.

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 A simple three level hierarchy as shown in
above Figure

 In this framework, each smart thing is

attached to one of Fog devices. Fog devices
could be interconnected and each of them is
linked to the Cloud.
 As Fog computing is implemented at the
edge of the network, it provides low latency,
location awareness, and improves quality-of-
services (QoS) for streaming and real time
applications.
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 When to use FOG Computing?
• It is used when only selected data is required to
send to the cloud .
• This selected data is chosen for long-term
storage and is less frequently accessed by the
host
• Its used when ever a large number of services
need to provided over a large area at different
geographical locations
• It is used when the data should be analyzed with
in a fraction of seconds
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SECURING CLOUDS WITH
FOG

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Cloud and IoT: Fog can develop
anywhere in-between the two

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Application Areas
• Smart cities: collect data on city activities e.g. traffic
(change signals on surveillance of incoming traffic to
prevent accidents or reduce congestion. Data could also be
sent to the cloud for longer-term analytics)
• Wearable Technology: data from wearable sensors need to
be processed locally to inform user and also communicated
to the cloud
• Wellbeing: monitor environmental conditions in house,
health status, in house operations for improving the quality
of living especially for elderly, disabled
• Industry 4.0: a sensor on a critical machine sends readings
associated with imminent failure
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What you get ?
• FOG filters and analyzes the most time intensive data at
the network edge close to where it is generated
• Milliseconds matter when trying to prevent
manufacturing line shutdowns and make the difference
between averting disaster and a cascading system failure
• Benefits include
• Greater business agility, security
• Deeper insights, improved privacy
• Lower operating cost (bandwidth, storage, processing)
• Sends data loads to cloud only for storage and further data
analysis (big data analysis)

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Cloud Vs FOG
• Fog and Cloud will co-exist and work together
• FOG will carry-out substantial amount of storage at or
near end-user rather than on large scale data center
• FOG will carry-out substantial amount of communication
at or near the end-user rather than all routed through the
backbone network
• FOG will carry-our substantial amount of management,
control and configuration at or near the end-user rather
than on large scale servers
• The decision on what functions move to Cloud or keep at
FOG nodes is not always easy, depends on application
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Fog Architecture (by Cisco)

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Example Architecture

FOG NODE

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 Principles of FOG:
1. Security: end-to-end, node and network security
2. Scalability: nodes, networks, storage and all services are scalable
without disrupting system performance
3. Openness: nodes info and functionality is transparent to applications,
nodes can be created anywhere and be discovered / connected /
used, while ensuring security/safety/privacy
4. Autonomy: no single point of failure
5. Programmability: nodes can be reprogrammed or updated
6. Reliability: high availability (uptime)
7. Agility: transform data into actionable insights, quickly respond to
changes
8. Hierarchy: not prerequisite, resources can be seen as a logical
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hierarchy based on the functional requirements of the IoT system
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FOG Hierarchy Examples

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Examples 1 & 2
• Example 1: fog deployment hierarchy independent of
the cloud
• E.g. the cloud can’t be used due to regulatory compliance,
security and privacy reasons, unavailability of a central
cloud in an area
• armed forces combat systems, drone operations, some
healthcare systems, hospitals, and ATM banking systems
• Example 2: information processing in fog
deployments located close to the
infrastructure/process being managed.
• commercial building management, commercial solar panel
monitoring, cable tv etc.
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FOG Hierarchy Examples

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Examples 3 & 4
• Example 3: local fog for time-sensitive computation,
the cloud is used for operational and business-
related information processing
• Example 4: constrained environments in which the
deployment of fog infrastructure may not be
feasible or economical
• E.g. Agriculture, whether stations, connected cars

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Advantages of FOG Computing
 Since the distance to be traveled by the data
is reduced , it results in saving network
bandwidth
 Reduces the response time of the system
 It improves the overall security of the system
as the data resides close to the host
 It provides better privacy as industries can
perform analysis on their data locally

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Disadvantages of FOG Computing
 Congestion may occur between the host and the
fog node due to increased traffic (heavy data flow)
 Power consumption increases when another layer
is placed between the host and the cloud
 Scheduling is too much complex as tasks can be
moved between client and fog nodes
 Achieve data consistency in computing is
challenging and requires more effort

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conclusion
Fog computing aims to reduce processing burden of
cloud computing . Fog computing reduces the
volume of data that is sent to the cloud .It brings
data processing, networking ,storage and analytics
closer to devices and applications that are working at
the network’s edge .That’s why fog computing
today’s trending technology mostly for IoT Devices

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 Thank
you

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