MMW 111
Coding and Cryptology
Cryptography
Originated from the Greek works
KRYPTO which means hidden and
GRAPHENE means writing.
Is a method of making and breaking
of secret codes.
Process of Cryptography
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Process of Cryptologray
CRYPTOGRAPY
Process of Cryptologray
CRYPTOGRAPY
ENCRYPTION
Process of Cryptologray
CRYPTOGRAPY
ENCRYPTION
DECRYPTION
ILLUSTRATION:
(Plain text) Maths is fun
(Coded Form) PDWKV LV IXQ
TERM:
1. PLAIN TEXT = refers to the original
message
2. CIPHERTEXT = refers to the coded
message
3. KEY = refers to the strings of
information that is used to reveal
the encrypted message into
readable form.
Simple Methods of
Crytography
Shift Cipher
- it is called Ceasar Cipher
- it is the simple type of
substitution of cipher.
Method of Shift Cipher
1. Shift to either left or right
Example: Shift of 3 to the left
Method of Shift Cipher
Example : Using a shift of 5 to the
right
Example :
Using
the key of shift of 3 to the left,
encrypt the Word “
CRYPTOGRAPHY”
Answer:
CRYPTOGRAPHY =
FUBSWRJUDKCT
Example
Decrypt the cipher text, “BJY DN
BJJY”, using the key of 5-shifts to
the right.
Answer :
“BJY DN BJJY”= God is good.
Method of Shift Cipher
Usingthe Modulo operator
= The sender of the message uses
the key K to encrypt and to decrypt
the secret message. The key K may
have any integer value from 0 – 25
and this will be shared to the
person/s who will be receiving the
secret message.
Using the Modulo
Operator
To encrypt the message:
1. Express the letters of the alphabet
into an integer from 0 to 25, that
matches its order, for example A = 0, B
= 1, C = 3 ….., then label them as C
2. Calculate Y = (C+ K) mod 26 , for
every letter of the message.
3. Convert the number Y into a letter
following the order of the letter of the
alphabet.
M = 12 , W = 22, I = 8, S = 18, F = 5, U = 20, N = 13, T = 19, O = 14, L = 11,
E = 4, A = 0, R = 17
Example:
1. : Encrypt the message “MMW is fun
to learn”
Let K = 5
Answer :
RRB NX KZS YT
QJFWS
How to decrpyt..
To Decrypt the Message:
1. Express the letters of the alphabet into
an integer from 0 to 25, that matches its
order, for example A = 0, B = 1, C = 3 …..,
then label them as Y
2. Calculate C = (Y - K) mod 26 , for
every letter of the decrypted message.
3. Convert the number C into a letter
following the order of the letter of the
alphabet.
Example:
Decrypt the RRB NX KZS YT
QJFWS
Example # 2
Encryptthe word text “FATIMA”
using the Modulo Operator, given k
= 20
Answer :
ZUNCGU
