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Spanish Colonial Architecture
Content
Content
• SPANISH COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE
• INSTRUMENTS OF URBANISM
• SYSTEMS OF CITIES AND TOWN
• COLONIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
 Spanish Colonial Architecture
• Focus on church building and other
colonial infrastructure to urbanize the
country.

• Instruments of urbanism:
 Reduccion and Encomienda System
 System of Cities and Towns
 Laws of Indies
 Colonial Infrastructure
INSTRUMENTS OF URBANI
URBAN
1.REDUCCION

• Forced Urbanization And Resettlement. The

Formerly Scattered Barangays Were Brought
Together And Reduced In Number And Larger
Communities To Facilitate Religious Conversion
And Cultural Change.

• Bajo De Las Campana - Under The Sound Of The

Bell.
INSTRUMENTS OF URBANI
URBAN
2. ENCOMIENDA

• The colony was divided into parcels assigned to a

Spanish colonist (encomendero) who was mandated to
“allocate, allot or distribute” the resources of
the domain.

• The encomienda system served two purposes under the

Spanish Empire: it served as a financial incentive
for conquistadors to conquer new lands and as a
source of unpaid labor for colonial wealth
extraction.
System of Cities and Town
• The Institution Of A Hierarchical
Settlement System.
• Cabecera(City),Poblacion(Town), Core
Of The Municipality.
• Barrios, Adjacent Barangays.
he Laws of the Indies, 15
• Characteristics
o elevated location
o an orderly grid of streets (quadricula)
o A central plaza, a defensive wall, and
zones
for churches, shops, government
buildings,
hospitals, and slaughterhouses.
o Plaza Complex – Grid pattern of streets
with the main plaza at the center
surrounded by the church, the tribunal,
other government buildings, and the
marketplace.
he Laws of the Indies, 15
• Encapsulates the classicist theories of urban
design by Vituvius and Alberti.
• Classicist theories of urban design - proportion,
balance of spaces.
• Vitruvius - Roman author, architect, and civil and
military engineer. He originated the idea that all
buildings should have three attributes: firmitas,
utilitas, and venustas (strength, utility and
beauty)
• Leon Battista Alberti - Italian humanist,
architect, and principal initiator of Renaissance
art theory.
Colonial Infrastructure
• New Building typologies and
construction technology was
introduced.
 Colonial Infrastructur
During three hundred thirty years of Spanish
colonialization, the Philippine architecture was
dominated by the Spanish influences. The Augustinian
friars, along with other religious orders, built many
grand churches and cathedrals all over the Philippine
Islands. The Spanish Colonial is the ancestor of our
ranch-style house. Limited ornamentation. Ornamentation
on these informal homes was often limited to arches on
entranceways, principal windows and interior
passageways. More elaborate homes might feature
intricate stone or tile work, detailed chimney tops and
square towers.
 Colonial Infrastructur
Architecture in the Philippines hails from
centuries - long of absorbing influences from its
colonizers. Being under the Spanish regime for more than
300 years, the Spanish colonial period brought a huge
impact on the
architectural style still seen on many structures like
churches, houses, government buildings, and many others
today. Here, let’s discover more about the
characteristics
of Spanish colonial architecture in the Philippines, a
part
of the various influences and cultures that makes the
country a genuine melting pot of architectural design.
 Colonial Infrastructur
1. FORTRESS

-strong or fortified place occupied by troops and usually

surrounded by walls, ditches, and other defensive works.

INTRAMUROS
 Colonial Infrastructur
-Intramuros, urban district and historic walled city within
Metropolitan Manila, in the Philippines. The name, from the
Spanish word meaning “within walls,” refers to the Fortified
city founded at the mouth of the Pasig River shortly after 1571
by the Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.

-For 400 years, Intramuros served as the center of the Spanish

occupation, originally built to be the residence for Spanish
government officials and their families. It was where the most
influential and wealthy citizens of colonial Manila lived.
Colonial Infrastructur
INTRAMUROS
 It is reserved for the nobility and clergy
1. INSULARES- full blooded Spaniards that born in the
philippines
2. PENINSULARIES- Spaniards born in spain
3. MESTIZOS- mixed of filipino and Spanish descent

EXTRAMUROS
 living beyond the walls
1. PUEBLOS- villages outside the walls
2. PARIAN- a separate urban quarter designated to the Chinese
community
3. DILAO- Japanese community
 Colonial Infrastructur
PLAZA COMPLEX
The religious structure of colonial government of our
country under spain. Have grid pattern of streets with the main
plaza at the center that surrounded a church. The house of
natives situated around a plaza or town center to bring them
close to church, the convent, the munisipyo, marketplace, and
the cemetery.
 Colonial Infrastructur
2. CHURCHES
-Edifies in religious conversion.

Barásoain Church (official title: Our Lady of Mount Carmel Parish) is

a Roman Catholic church built in 1888[1] in Malolos, Bulacan.[2] It is
about 42 kilometers from Manila. Having earned the title as the
"Cradle of Democracy in the East, the most important religious
building in the Philippines",[3] and the site of the
First Philippine Republic, the church is proverbial for its historical
importance among Filipinos.
 Colonial Infrastructur
Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag; Spanish: Nuestra Señora
del Santísimo Rosario de Manaoag) is a Roman Catholic title of the
Blessed Virgin Mary venerated in Manaoag, Pangasinan, the Philippines.

The ivory and silver image which bears its title dates from the 16th
century and is presently enshrined within the Minor Basilica of Our
Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag. The shrine is a major
pilgrimage site in the country and is administered by the
Order of Preachers within the Archdiocese of Lingayen-Dagupan.
 Colonial Infrastructur
The Minor Basilica and Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate
Conception (Filipino: Basilika Menor at Kalakhang Katedral ng
Kalinis-linisang Paglilihi; Spanish: Basílica Menor y Catedral
Metropolitana de la Inmaculada Concepción), also known as
the Manila Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de Manila), is the
cathedral of Manila and basilica located in Intramuros, the
historic walled city within today's modern city of
Manila, Philippines. It is dedicated to the
Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary as the
Patroness of the country. The cathedral serves as the
episcopal seat of the Archbishop of Manila.
 Colonial Infrastructur
Paoay church is the Philippines' primary example of a
Spanish colonial earthquake baroque architecture dubbed by
Alicia Coseteng,[3] an interpretation of the European Baroque
adapted to the seismic condition of the country through the
use of enormous buttresses on the sides and back of the
building.[2] The adaptive reuse of baroque style against
earthquake is developed since many destructive earthquakes
destroyed earlier churches in the country. Javanese
architecture reminiscent of Borobudur of Java can also be seen
on the church walls and façade.
 Colonial Infrastructur
Built in 1595, San Agustin Manila, officially known as Church
of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustin, is the oldest
church in the Philippines. It exhibits remarkable features such
as retablos (altars) of high Baroque style and wall buttresses
separating cripto collateral chapels.
 Colonial Infrastructur
Basílica Menor del Santo Niño- Cebu

Basilica Minore Del Sto. Nino is the oldest Roman Catholic

church established in the Philippines a built on the same spot
where the image of the Sto. Ning de Cebu, a statue depicting
the child jesus, was found in 1565 by Spanish explorers led by
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.
 Colonial Infrastructur
San pedro Apostol parish church- loboc bohol

The parish was established in 1602, and the present

coral stone church was completed in 1734. Because of its
strategic location, it became the center of the Jesuit
mission in the Bohol area. In 1768, upon the expulsion
of the Jesuits, the town was transferred to the
Augustinian Recollects.
 Colonial Infrastructur
3. INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS

Monumental civic architecture epitomized the colonial

institutions under the Spanish governance.

 AYUNTAMIENTO

-The meaning of AYUNTAMIENTO is the municipal council or

governing body of a town or city in Spain or the former Spanish
colonies.

-As a seat of colonial governance, it housed several

administrative offices and archives.

Colonial Infrastructur
PALACIO REAL

Also known as Palacio del gobernadora, residence of the

highest official of the land.

-The Spanish colonies in the Far East under the Viceroyalty

of New Spain (Modern day Mexico) was governed by a Governor
General from 1565 until 1898. The Captaincy General of Manila
not only exercised powers over the Philippine Islands but
also over the whole Spanish East Indies which includes the
Mariana Islands, Guam, Caroline Islands and Palau.
Colonial Infrastructur
 MALACAÑANG

-Built in 1750

- Malacañang Palace was originally built as a casita (or

country house) in 1750 – made of adobe, wood, with interiors
panelled with finest narra and molave. It sits in a 16
hectare land owned by Spanish aristocrat Don Antonio V.
Rocha.

- Over the years Malacanang Palace was home to 18 Spanish

governors general and 14 American civil governors.
Colonial Infrastructur
4. DOMESTIC STRUCTURES

Dwellings reflecting the differences in social class

 ARRABALES
-outside of the city and town
-Suburbs
-Extramuros
Colonial Infrastructur
 ACCESORIA
-Apartment dwellings
-Accesoria or row house
Colonial Infrastructur
 BAHAY NA BATO

-Bahay na bato (Tagalog, literally "house of stone") is a

type of building originating during the Philippines'
Spanish Colonial Period.

-A housing prototype which combines elements of the

indigenous and Hispanic building traditions to prevent the
dangers posed by fire,earthquakes and cyclones.

-Arquitectura Mestiza, a new hybrid type of construction

combining wood and stone.
 Colonial Infrastructur
• Fortress -strong or fortified place occupied
by troops and usually surrounded by walls,
ditches, and other defensive works.
• Churches - edifices for religional
conversion.
• Institutional Building - monumental civic
architecture epitomized the colonial
institutions under Spanish governance.
• Domestic Structures - dwellings reflecting
the different social class.
 Group 3

Cifra, Marcaliñas, Reños,

Mary Love Denise Arvin
Thank you
Thank you