Self Development

Key areas of self-development

1. The process of Knowing Oneself
2. The Development of the Whole Person
3. The Developmental Stages in the Middle and Late
Adolescence
4. The Challenges They Face

Self- defined as one’s personality or ego.

Personality- comes from the Greek word “persona” which
means mask.
 Asian psychology- the self or personality is but a frozen
picture or concept of the self from past conditioning or how
one was raised in the family or community, that may no
longer be true to the evolving wiser self in the present time.
 Bigger Self or Whole Self- one’s more true and authentic
natural Self. Referred to as One’s Essence.
 Self-
encompasses one’s body, feelings, emotions,
thoughts, values and relationships. Made up of one’s
experiences, beliefs, convictions, as well as one’s longings,
dreams, life purpose and meaning.
 Gordon Allport- was a psychologist who espoused the
uniqueness of each individual focusing on understanding
and measuring personality in terms of traits.
 Traits-
are the enduring and consistent disposition of
human beings.
 Raymond Cattel- conducted researches on personality
traits and proposed that personality is made up of 16 basic
dimension. These 16 traits are the source or core of all
human personality.
 Types of Traits Descriptions
Common Traits Every one shares common traits to some degree; for example,
everyone has some measure of intelligence or of extraversion
Unique Traits Each of us have unique traits that distinguish us as individuals; for
ex., a liking for politics or an interest in baseball.
Ability Traits Our skills and abilities determine how well we can work towards
our goals.
Temperament Our emotions and feelings( whether we’re assertive, fretful, or
Traits easy going) help determine how we react to people and situations

Dynamic Traits The forces that underlie our motivations and drive our behavior

Surface Traits Characteristics composed of any number of source traits, or

behavioral elements. They may be unstable and impermanent,
weakening or strengthening in response to different situations.
Source Traits Single, stable, permanent elements of our behavior

Constitutional Source traits that have biological origins, such as the behaviors
Traits that result from drinking to much alcohol.

Environmental- Source traits that have environmental origins, such as the

mold Traits behaviors that result from the influence of our friends, work
 Surface traits- are those that are readily observable by
others
 Source traits- are underlying traits that form the core of
personality.
 16 Source Traits- are the basic elements of personality
 Robert McCrae/Paul Costa- narrowed down the basic 16
personality traits that Cattel proposed into five categories
which they called the Big Five.
 Five-Factor Trait Theory Dimensions
1. Openness to experience
2. Conscientiousness
3. Extraversion
4. Agreeableness
5. neuroticism
http://psychologytoday.tests.psychtests.com/take_test.ph
p?idRegTest=1297

http://www.truity.com/test/big-five-personality-test

http://www.truity.com/test/enneagram-personality-test
 Personality Types- can be understood as a unique
collection of several traits that tend to go together. An
integrated collection of personality traits that tend to
characterize an individual.
 The Myers-Briggs Type indicator (MBTI)- measures
the person’s extraversion (E) or introversion (I)- whether
the person is energized by being surrounded by people or
by being in solitude; sensing (S) or intuition (N)- whether
the individual prefers to use his senses or ideas in
interpreting information; thinking (T) or feeling (F)-
whether the person tends to think or feel when making
decisions; and judgment (J) or perception (P)- whether the
person deals with situations by planning or spontaneity.
These make up of 16 types of personality combinations
https://www.16personalities.com/free-
personality-test
Origins of Personality: Nature via
Nurture
http://www.9types.com/rheti/index.php
 Enneagram- an Asian tool for knowing oneself and one’s
personality type.
 In an Asian view knowing oneself include becoming aware
of one’s personality (aka one’s ego/self) and one’s higher
self (aka one’s psyche/soul)
Type 1 The Reformer/Good Person/Perfectionist
I embrace myself completely.
I am perfect even in all my imperfections.
I accept who I am.
I accept that no one is perfect and I can make mistakes sometimes too.
I am at ease with life.
I forgive myself and others.
I set reasonable expectations for myself.
I choose to focus my attention on what is going right in my life.
I do the best I can and doing my best is what counts.
I am gentle with others.
I choose to be kind, compassionate and understanding.
I accept that everyone is doing the best they can with whatever resources they have at
any one time.
Everyone is a teacher to me and I choose to learn patiently.
Life is perfect as it is.
I surrender to life’s unfolding.
I choose to be flexible, adaptable and embrace change.
I learn to laugh at myself.
I love being and having fun!
Type 2 The Helper
I love others and myself unconditionally.
I give sincerely from my heart.
I have healthy emotional needs.
I am present to my emotional needs.
I am loved for who I am.
I am lovable.
I am comfortable in my own skin.
I am confident of myself.
I establish healthy boundaries between others and myself.
I undertake self-care.
I am willing to acknowledge my negative emotions.
I feel accepted for who I am.
I am clear about my intentions.
I am able to express and ask for what I want.
Type 3 Achiever
I am worthy, regardless of my accomplishments.
I am ready to acknowledge the efforts from my team.
I celebrate the accomplishments of others.
I am authentic.
I embrace myself despite my mistakes and imperfections.
I am aligned with my true self.
I am loved by others who appreciate me as I am.
I am open to acknowledging my feelings.
I give myself the opportunity to breathe and relax.
I am ready to learn from my mistakes as they are part of my journey.
I set reasonable expectations for myself and others.
I am enough.
I draw on the spiritual power of my influence for the good of everyone.
I embrace leadership that is centered on truth, integrity and compassion.
I inspire leadership in others.
Type 4 Individualist
I draw on my experiences to grow.
I choose to release the past.
I am in the present moment.
I transform pain into power.
I am more than my human experience.
I appreciate the beauty and goodness in life.
I am centered in my true essence.
I am anchored in my being.
I draw on my gifts to inspire the world.
I am happy to be me.
I am joyous in the present.
I have unique capabilities.
I practice equanimity.
Type 5 Investigator
I appreciate the awe of being in my body.
I am grounded in my being.
I find divine lessons in my life struggles and challenges.
I develop healthy relationships with the people around me.
I am calm, serene and at peace even amidst life uncertainties.
I fit in well.
Change is constant in this world, and I adapt to changes well.
I thrive well in this world.
I function well in this world.
I experience life fully.
I have general trust in the people around.
I choose to connect with others.
I am willing to reach out and support others.
I stay engaged in life.
I enjoy participating in life.
Type 6 Loyalist
 I choose to trust my own inner guidance.
I am calm, centered and present to myself.
My core is strong.
I am grounded in my being.
I trust myself.
I make independent and clear decisions for myself.
I choose to place more attention on my dreams than my doubts.
I am well-supported by my team members.
I am loyal, lovable and dedicated.
My inner counsel is wise.
I am in control of my life.
The world is a safe place.
The universe supports me in my highest path and purpose.
Type 7 Enthusiast
I am 100% present, engaged and grounded.
I am grateful for my blessings.
I am sensitive to the needs of others.
I choose to focus my energy.
I am thankful for what I already have.
I am contented, fulfilled and joyful.
I have more than enough.
I am abundant.
I am free to express who I am.
I manifest my vision into reality, one-step at a time.
I am in touch with my inner guidance.
Type 8 Challenger
I am most fulfilled when I help others.
I open my heart to others.
I can be gentle and strong at the same time.
I am peaceful and calm.
I am in touch with my emotional needs.
I extend a helping hand to those who need support.
Everyone is my teacher.
I respect the decision of others.
I am sensitive to the needs of others.
I practice patience.
I embrace every part of me, including my weaknesses.
Type 9 Peacemaker
I am alert to the world around me.
I engage in life fully.
I embrace change.
I am at peace on the inside and outside.
I am safe.
The world is safe.
I am attentive to my problems.
I am present in the here and now.
I play a significant role in this world.
I work on my personal growth.
I take an active interest in life.
I take care of my needs.
I chunk down my problems to work through them.