Types of Text:

By Ms. Bennett
Text
 Diction – Choice of words for a message.
 Adjectives and Adverbs
 Nouns
 Verbs
 Prepositions
 Syntax – [Structure] Arrangement of words
to transmit a clear message.
 Both are used to create a readable text and
sense-making communication.

Five (5) Domains of Text:
Narrative
 Autobiographical Writing
 Biographical Writing
 Short Story [The 5 W’s; When, Where, Who, What, Why]
 Descriptive
 Creative Writing
 Sensory Writing [The 5 Senses; Poetry/Lyrics]
 Persuasive
 Editorial and Advertisement Writing
 Speech Writing
 Expository [Exposes the reader to new information]
 Informational Writing [Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, etc.]
 Research Reports
 Everyday, Career, and Technical Writing
 Response to Literature
 Compare and Contrast Writing
 Cause and Effect Writing
 Writing to a Specific Task/Prompt
We can Predict text types…
 Author (Who wrote it?)
 Author Background Connection
 Format (How is it structured?)
 Titles, Headings, Paragraphs, Stanzas, Columns
 Audience (Who is it written for?)
 Pictures help for this prediction
 Content (What is it about?)
 Pictures help for this prediction
 Motive (Why is it written?)
 Pleasure, Persuasion, Information, Task/Prompt
Narrative Text =
Writing that tells a story.
 Stories, novels, fables, and folk lore
are the most common narrative texts.
 This text is written in the When,
Where, Who, What and Why format.
 Autobiographies, biographies, and
personal stories are written narratively.
Narrative text includes these elements:
- Exposition
setting (time/place)
character introduction
conflict (theme) introduction
-Plot [begins the Rising Action]
characters
conflicts (problems)
similes and metaphors
-Climax [begins the Falling Action]
characters meet the greatest conflict
-Resolution/Denoument
conflicts become resolved
moral and theme are realized
 Graphic Organizer for Narrative
Text: Climax

Resolution

Exposition
Descriptive Text =
Sensory and detailed writing
 Poetry and Creative text-types are the most
common descriptive texts.
 This type of writing creates an experience
for the reader through the use of sensory
language.
 Sight
 Smell
 Sound
 Taste
 Touch
Persuasive Text =
Writing that tries to convince you
to think a certain way.
 Speeches, advertisement writing, and
opinion letters, articles or essays are the
most common persuasive texts.
 This text uses a specific format, which
includes pro and con sides of an issue.
 Exclamatory and emphatic language is used
to persuade the reader to the author’s
viewpoint.
Elements of Persuasive Text:
-Main Idea/Argument
author’s statement/side of issue
intended purpose to the reader
reveals silliness of opposing side
-Supporting Ideas [For and Against/Pro and Con]
facts vs. opinions
comparisons and contrasts
*persuasive techniques – exaggeration (over and
under statements of facts), repetition of pro or con
“catch words,” name-calling, visual examples
-Closing Argument
logic and opinion
Expository/Informational Text =
Text that exposes new information to
the reader or explains or gives
information about a topic.
Functional Documents and Everyday
Documents are also expository text.
 Types of Expository/
Informational text:

 Textbooks
 Encyclopedias
 Research and Data Reports
 Maps, Tables, and Timelines
Elements of Informational Text:
-A Central Purpose
What the author wants you to learn
Overview of the main points covered
- Main Idea/Point
Headings
The most important point made
- Supporting Ideas/Concepts/Details
Subheadings
Details
- Illustrations
Supporting these details
Types of Functional Documents:
*Documents you interact with; one that requires an
action on the readers part.
 Agreements/Contracts
(Rules, Policies, Loans, etc.)
 Memo’s and “Fill-In” Forms
 Applications (Career)
 Check Lists
 Rubrics and Evaluation Forms
Types of Everyday Text:
*Documents/text you see everyday
 Schedules
 Directions
 Instruction Manuals (Technical)
 “How to Operate” Manuals (Technical)
 Media-Signs and Symbols
Elements of Functional and Everyday Text:
- Organized Information
Planned, edited, and revised
- Sequence of Data
Roman Numeral Outline Format
EX: I, A, 1, a,
- Steps to Follow
Numbered Format
EX: 1., 2., 3.
- Relevant Data – Details
Bulleted Format
EX: , , 
- Visual Schematics with Labels
Response to Literature =
Response and Review Writing
 This domain of reading and writing
includes elements of all the other domains
of text types.
 The text type chosen, depends upon the
writing prompt or task assigned to the
reader.
 The prompt will specify “key words” to
decode to decide which type of text to use for
your response or review.
Elements of Literary Response -
An Example Prompt: Trace the development of
emotions through Poe’s poem “The Bells.”
- Introductory Paragraph
4 Parts to the Opening/Topic sentence:
1. Task of the prompt needed for response.
EX: A development of different emotions can be seen
in the poem, “The Bells,” by Edgar Allen Poe.
2. Type of text the response is about.
EX: …in the poem…
3. Title of text the response is about.
EX: …in the poem, “The Bells,”…
4. Author of the text the response is about.
EX: …in the poem, “The Bells,” by Edgar Allen Poe…
Balance of the Literary Response
 Body Paragraphs
 Must connect to the prompt.
 Separates the prompt into two or more concepts.
 Must use support from the text in quotes.
 Needs to include your feelings or views.
 Conclusion Paragraph
 Connects/restates the opening sentence.
 Finalizes your feelings or views.
 Leads to further connections.
Additional Notes on Literary Response
 Compare and Contrast prompts will contain 2
body paragraphs.
 Cause and Effect will contain 2 body paragraphs.
 Persuasive opinion prompts can contain one or
more paragraphs.
 Description prompts will contain one or more
body paragraphs.
 Other Task Specific prompts will contain one or
more body paragraphs.
Comments, Questions,
Concerns?
Remember…
How we write What we write,
Makes authors of us all! 