IELTS Writing Module

Task 1 –Report Writing

 Task 1 – Report Writing – minimum 150 words (160/170
words)

• 90% of times a line graph/ bar graph/ pie chart

• 10% of times a table/ process/ map

33% of total marks given for the report

Writing
module Task 2 – Essay Writing – minimum 250 words (270-
280 words)
Topics are the argumentative types
 Agree/ disagree
 Advantages/ disadvantages
 Causes/ solutions
 Mixed type

67% of total marks are given for the essay

Understanding the Band Descriptors
Task achievement/ Task response
• refers to answering/ addressing all parts of the question, fulfilling the
minimum work requirement

Coherence and Cohesion

• Refers to writing relevant to the topic/ connecting words in a sentence,
sentences in a paragraph and appropriate progression of paragraphs
throughout.
Lexical Resource
refers to using uncommon, complex and topic specific vocabulary/ spellings are
important
Grammatical range and accuracy

refers to using a range of sentence structures (simple/ compound/ complex) /

Using correct grammar E.g. parts of speech/ punctuations
 Creating a vocabulary list to describe various
Increase
Incline
patterns
Rapidly
5 Growth 8
4.5 Rise Drastically
4
Climb 7 Dramatically
3.5
3 Increment Exponentially
2.5 Heighten 6 surprisingly
2 Elevation
1.5
1 Boost 5
0.5 Escalate Steadily
0
Category Category Category Category
Went up 4
Gradually
1 2 3 4 Moderately
Series 1 3 Noticeably
average
2
Decrease
4.5
Decline Slowly
4
3.5 Reduce 1 Slightly
3 Fall Marginally
2.5 Decrement 0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 negligibly
2 Went down
1.5
1
drop
0.5
0 Series 1
 Creating a vocabulary list to describe various
patterns continued..
7 6 Upward trend/
6
Reached a peak 5 pattern
5
4
4 Fluctuation/
3
Same, constant, unchanged
3 wavy pattern
2 2
Downward
1
Levelled off, reached a plateau 1 trend/ pattern
0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5

Approximation words:
Approximately Describes
Future trends: Compares
Nearly
Expected to be/ reach Illustrates
Almost
Estimated to be Distinguishes
Close to
Projected to be Mentions
Just above/ below
Predicted to be Demonstrates
About
Calculated to be elaborates
around
Writing an Introduction for Task 1
Introduction to a report comprises of :

Paraphrasing the given topic :

 E.g. The given line graph compares the utilization of energy by varied fuel sources in the US from 1940 until
the present along with predictions until 2030.
 The line chart details fuel consumption from 1980 to 2030 in the United States .

Write an overview: Write about the most striking features in the diagram.
 Do not mention details (these will be stated in the body paragraphs).
 Just patterns. E.g. the highest/ lowest

For example : Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that petrol and oil have been and will
continue to be the dominant fuel source, followed by coal and natural gas, and more distantly by renewable
energies. All varieties of fuel have increased and are expected to continue rising with the exception of
hydropower which will remain stable overall.
Try writing an introduction for the following line graphs
 Writing the Body paragraphs

Please remember the instructions from the topic given:

Therefore, we will only select and report the main features and make comparisons only where relevant.

Points to remember :
• Use sequence words to describe a new feature. Eg To begin with/ Firstly/ Initially
• Mention the noticeable changes E.g. Start value, a pattern followed and then the end value
• If two lines follow the same pattern, you may mention them together. Group similar values to cut down on
your word count.
• Because the more you write, the longer time you take and make mistakes too.
• Use words to display approximation for values as the diagram is not always plotted on a graph paper.
 Example of Body paragraph for the line graph

To begin with, petrol and oil consumption stood at 35 quadrillion units

in 1980 before a slight dip with minor fluctuations around 33
quadrillion units until approximately 2000. From that point on, a
steadier rise begins that is anticipated to reach nearly 50 quadrillion by
2030, by far the greatest data point in the chart.

On the other hand, coal and natural gas were considerably lower and
displayed broadly similar trends. Natural gas began the period at 20
quadrillion units and coal was 4 quadrillion lower. Over the following
years, the figures were erratic and their relative positions in the chart
switched several times until coal began to separate itself around 2015,
predicted to finish around 8 quadrillion units higher than natural gas at
30 quadrillion.

Finally, the consumption of cleaner energy sources was less significant

with nuclear the highest, rising to just over 6 quadrillion by the end of
the projections. Solar and wind power are slightly lower at near 5
quadrillion and hydropower underwent minor fluctuations to finish
around 4 quadrillion units.
Now let’s follow the same technique for describing a bar graph
Describing a bar graph is the same as
for a line graph. Just “join the dots”
The bar chart outlines the duration of local, national & international and
mobile phone calls in the UK between 1995 and 2002.

Overall, British citizens talked over the local land-lines the most; and
mobile phone gained a huge popularity over the time, especailly after
the year 2000.

Initially, in 1995, British residents talked over 70 billion minutes using

local-fixed lines, and their conversation duration on the national and
international fixed-lines was almost half of that. They spoke only b
million minutes on cell phones. The communication span via local-fixed
lines was the highest in 1999 when it accounted for 90 billion minutes. At
that time, their national and international landline communication
amounted 50 billion minutes, and over 10 billion minutes on the cell
phones. It is evident that the total number of phone conversation using
the local lines increased till 1999 and then kept on declining while a
steady growth was evident for national and international fixed line calls.
During 2001, British people spoke around 60 billion minutes on national
and international land-lines while the use of mobile phone was on the
hike, around 50 million minutes conversation was made by cell phones.
 DESCRIBING PIE CHARTS

Looking at the details, in Yemen in 2000, children and teens

accounted the biggest proportion of citizen, 50.1%. In
contrast, senior population was the lowest proportion of
population, only 3.6%. Meanwhile, young adults and adults
amassed 46.3% of total population. However, it is predicted
that in 2050, the number of adult population will dominate
significantly the proportion of people abiding in Yemen, 57.3%
and approximately 10% higher than in 2000. Vice versa,
percentage of people aged 0-14 years will be decreased to
37%, about 13% lower than in 2000. Seniors will be remained
as the tiniest fraction among all age categories, only 5.7% in
2002.
Though information is limited in pie charts, please
make sure to paraphrase well. Meanwhile, In Italy, adult reckoned the highest 61.6% of the
total citizen in 2000, followed by the elderly people's
The given charts show the changes which are predicted to percentage which came in the second place, 24.1% and
take place on the ages of populations of Yemen and Italy toddlers and children counted only 14.3%. In 2050, it is
by 2015, as compared to the 2000 level. The most striking forecasted that adult population will still be the highest
image can be noticed for adults. While in Yemen the proportion, 46.2% and the number of seniors will be about
figures are expected to steadily rise in the future, Italy 42.3%, almost twice higher than in 2000. On the other hand,
represents almost the reverse trend. children’s percentage will be declined to only 11.5%.
 DESCRIBING TABLES
Tables consist of a lot of information so make sure to
group similar content together.
The table shows the figures about the proportion of the money
spent on different types of consumptions in five countries in 2002.
There is an obvious fact that Turkey was the first ranked in terms of
consumed money for both leisure time and education and eating,
drinking and smoking. By contrast, residents in Sweden had spent
the least money for food, drinks and tobacco and wearing.
In Turkey, roughly 32 percent of the people’s budget went for food,
drinks and smoking. Similarly, Ireland is in the second order, people
who lived there spent nearly 29 percent for that. However, these
people spent only approximately 2 percent of their money to their
education and spare time.
On the other hand, Italian citizens allotted by far the highest rate of
their budget (9 %) to the clothing. The Irish, Spanish and Turkish
people spent nearly the same proportion of money (6%) on the
clothing. Swedish people pay a little less for that.
Describing a process
These two diagrams reveal the flow diagrams of both
cement and concrete production processes with
necessary equipment and materials that are used.
Mainly, both processes have similarities and differences.
They are similar because each of them has more than
one input and a single output. On the other hand, they
differ in the number of production steps.

In the cement production diagram, firstly, limestone and

clay are gathered and passed through a crusher. Then,
the powder obtained from crusher is moved to the
mixer to make a homogene mixture. Next, rotating
heater welcomes the material from the mixer. After
heating step, resulting material flows on the grinder.
Finally, cement becomes ready to be packed in bags at
the end of the grinder.

In the concrete production diagram, the process

contains only one step to have concrete material that is
mixing. Cement, water, sand and gravel which is a
general name for small stones are all mixed in a rotating
concrete mixer in precise proportions such as 15%, 10%,
25% and 50% respectively.
Describing a map

The two maps illustrate the changes on an island

due to the constructions and adaptations made for
the tourism activities. In general, the island became
more crowded with entertainment facilities after the
introduction of tourism.
In the first picture before the construction of tourist
facilities, there was no accommodation and the
whole island had almost nothing except few trees.
However, turning to the second picture, this island
provides a lot of accommodation facilities and a
large restaurant. Reception block is located close to
the restaurant and these buildings are linked
through vehicle tracks. From the reception centre,
people can go to the pier through the vehicle track.
Moreover, the swimming area is also available near
the beach for visiting tourists. Tourists can walk on
the footpath to reach the beach from their cottages.
Overall, considerable development was made to the
island. However, it is noteworthy that the trees have
been left as it is.
THANK YOU