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Ensemble Methods Advanced ML

Ensemble methods enhance predictive performance by combining multiple learning algorithms, effectively reducing variance and bias while improving generalization. Key categories include bagging, boosting, stacking, and voting, each with specific advantages and applications in fields like finance and healthcare. Despite challenges such as increased computational cost and reduced interpretability, ensemble methods remain vital in advanced machine learning, with future trends leaning towards hybrid and automated systems.

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5 views14 pages

Ensemble Methods Advanced ML

Ensemble methods enhance predictive performance by combining multiple learning algorithms, effectively reducing variance and bias while improving generalization. Key categories include bagging, boosting, stacking, and voting, each with specific advantages and applications in fields like finance and healthcare. Despite challenges such as increased computational cost and reduced interpretability, ensemble methods remain vital in advanced machine learning, with future trends leaning towards hybrid and automated systems.

Uploaded by

jetraydurgeshsharma
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ENSEMBLE

METHODS IN
ADVANCED
MACHINE LEARNING
PRESENTED BY-
DURGESH (22BTC35113)
INTRODUCTION

• Ensemble methods combine multiple


learning algorithms to obtain better
predictive performance.
• Used extensively in advanced machine
learning for improving model robustness and
accuracy.
• Popular in competitions and real-world
applications due to their effectiveness.
WHY USE ENSEMBLE
METHODS?

• Reduces variance (bagging), bias (boosting),


or improves predictions (stacking).
• Handles overfitting better than individual
models.
• Improves generalization to unseen data.
CATEGORIES OF ENSEMBLE
METHODS

• Bagging: Bootstrap Aggregation, Random


Forests.
• Boosting: AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting,
XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost.
• Stacking: Combines multiple models using a
meta-learner.
• Voting: Hard and Soft voting mechanisms.
BAGGING (BOOTSTRAP
AGGREGATION)

• Reduces variance by training multiple models


on different subsets of data.
• Models are trained in parallel.
• Example: Random Forest.
• Improves stability and reduces overfitting.
BOOSTING

• Reduces bias by training models sequentially.


• Each model tries to correct the errors of the
previous one.
• Examples: AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting,
XGBoost, LightGBM.
• Highly effective for structured/tabular data.
STACKING

• Combines multiple models using a meta-


model.
• Base-level models are trained and their
predictions used as input for a higher-level
model.
• Can mix different types of algorithms for
better performance.
• Risk of overfitting if not properly validated.
VOTING

• Combines predictions from multiple models.


• Hard voting: majority class is selected.
• Soft voting: average predicted probabilities
and choose the highest.
• Simple and effective for classification tasks.
ADVANTAGES OF ENSEMBLE
LEARNING

• Increased prediction accuracy.


• Reduced overfitting and improved
generalization.
• Flexibility in combining different models.
• Robustness to noise and outliers.
CHALLENGES IN ENSEMBLE
METHODS

• Increased computational cost and complexity.


• Model interpretability is reduced.
• Need for careful parameter tuning.
• Risk of overfitting in stacking or complex
ensembles.
APPLICATIONS OF ENSEMBLE
METHODS

• Finance: fraud detection, credit scoring.


• Healthcare: disease prediction, diagnosis
support.
• Marketing: customer segmentation, churn
prediction.
• Competitions: commonly used in Kaggle, AI
challenges.
ENSEMBLE IN DEEP LEARNING

• Used to improve performance of deep models


like CNNs and RNNs.
• Snapshot ensembles, test-time
augmentation, model averaging.
• Helps mitigate training instability and local
minima issues.
• Expensive but powerful for image and text
tasks.
TOOLS AND LIBRARIES

• Scikit-learn: Bagging, Boosting, Voting,


Stacking.
• XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost for gradient
boosting.
• ML frameworks: TensorFlow, PyTorch support
ensembling via APIs.
• AutoML tools like H2O and MLJAR incorporate
ensemble strategies.
CONCLUSION

• Ensemble methods are a cornerstone of


advanced machine learning.
• They provide accuracy, robustness, and
flexibility.
• Choosing the right ensemble method
depends on the problem and data.
• Future: Hybrid and automated ensemble
systems for real-time applications.

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