Interfaces and
Basic PACO Call Flow
Prepared by- Sakshi
2G & 3G Architecture
HLR EIR PCRF
BSS Gb
Gf Gx
Gr
UE
Gn/Gp Gi
IU-PS SGSN GGSN PDN
Iu-B
Node-B RNC Gy
Gd
Gs
OCS
MSC/VLR SGSN
Gb Interface
- The Gb interface connects the BSS and the SGSN.
- It allows for the exchange of signaling information and user data.
Gn Interface
The Gn interface is the connection between an SGSN (S-GW ) and a GGSN within
the same public land mobile network (PLMN).
Gp Interface
The Gp interface is the connection between an SGSN (S-GW ) and a GGSN within
the other public land mobile network (PLMN).
Gi Interface
The Gi interface is the connection between a GGSN and the Internet or destination
networks connected to a PLMN.
Gr Interface
The Gr interface is a GPRS interface which is located between the SGSN (Serving GPRS Support
Node) and the HLR (Home Location Register).
Gy Interface
- Gy is between online charging system (OCS) and GGSN or PDN GW (Packed Data
Network Gateway)
- Gy interface allows online credit control for service data flow based charging.
Gy
GGSN OCS
Gx Interface
- The Gx Interface application can be used to simulate PGWs or GGSNs to test the
PCRF.
- The Gx Interface application allows users to validate PCRF performance and capacity
in a realistic network environment, replicating the deployment configuration.
Gx
GGSN PCRF
4G Architecture S9
S6a
S1-MME MME HSS PCRF
U
E
eNodeB S10 S1 R
1 Gx x
X
2 S1-U SGI
eNodeB SGW S5/S8 PGW ISP/MS
Gy Gz
S4 S12
SGSN OCS OFCS
S3
RNC MME
Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) Architecture
Key elements of E-UTRAN network architecture -
1. No more RNC.
2. RNC functionalities moved to evolved-NodeB(eNB).
3. Termination of radio access in eNB.
4. X2 interface for seamless mobility (i.e. data/context
forwarding) and load management
among eNBs.
S1 Interface (enb-EPC)
S1 Interface is the reference point between eNodeB and EPC
Two types of S1 Interface -
- C Plane: S1-MME between eNodeB and MME
- U Plane: S1-U between eNodeB and S-GW
- S1 Application Protocol (S1-AP):Application Layer Protocol between the eNodeB
and the MME
–Streaming Control Transfer Protocol for the control plane (SCTP):guaranteed
delivery of signaling messages between MME and eNodeB (S1).
–GPRS Tunneling Protocol for the user plane (GTP-U): tunnels user data between
eNodeB and S-GW
S3 Interface
It enables user and bearer information exchange for inter 3GPP access
network mobility in idle and/or active state.
Where:
- GTP-C (GPRS Tunnelling Protocol for the Control Plane): This protocol
tunnels signalling messages between SGSN and MME
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol): This protocol signaling messages .
S4 Interface
It provides related control and mobility support between GPRS Core and the
3GPP Anchor function of Serving GW.
In addition, if Direct Tunnel is not established, it provides the user plane
tunnelling.
Where:
- GTP-C (mentioned above): This protocol tunnels signalling messages
between SGSN and SGW.
- UDP: This protocol transfers signalling messages..
S10 Interface
Interface between MME and other MME.
Reference point between MMEs for MME relocation (e.g handover) and MME to
MME information transfer.
Where:
- GTP-C: This protocol tunnels signalling messages between MMEs.
- UDP: This protocol transfers signalling messages between MMEs.
S11 Interface
Interface between MME and SGW.
Reference point between MME and Serving GW.
Where:
- GTP-C: This protocol tunnels signalling messages between MME and
SGW.
- UDP: This protocol transfers signalling messages between MME and
SGW.
S6a Interface
- Interface between MME and HSS.
- It enables transfer of subscription and authentication data for
authenticating/authorizing user access to the evolved system (AAA interface) between
MME and HSS.
Where:
Diameter: This protocol supports transferring of subscription and authentication data for
authenticating/authorizing user access to the evolved system between MME and HSS (S6a).
SCTP: This protocol transfers signalling messages.
S13 Interface
- Interface between MME and EIR
Where:
Diameter: This protocol supports UE identity check procedure between MME and EIR (S13).
SCTP: This protocol transfers signalling messages.
X2 Interface (eNB-eNB)
The X2 Interface is defined between two eNodeBs
- U Plane: X2-U used for data forwarding
- C Plane: X2-C used for HO support and load management
- X2 Application Protocol (X2-AP):Application Layer Protocol between the
eNodeBs
–Streaming Control Transfer Protocol for the control plane
(SCTP):guarantees delivery of signaling messages between the eNodeB (X2)
–GPRS Tunneling Protocol for the user plane (GTP-U): tunnels user data
S5/S8 Interface (S-GW -P-GW)
- S5 and S8 interfaces provide user plane tunneling and tunnel management between
the S-GW and the P-GW.
- S5 to connect S-GW to P-GW of same operator.
- S8 to connect S-GW in visited PLMN to a P-GW in Home-PLMN.
GPRS Tunnelling Protocol for the control plane (GTP-C):tunnels
signalling messages between S-GW and P-GW
GPRS Tunneling Protocol for the user plane (GTP-U): tunnels user
data between S-GW and P-GW
LTE Call Flow
THANK YOU
