Charts

Scatter Charts
Recommended Charts in Excel Bubble Charts
Line Charts Heat Maps
Bar Charts and Column Charts Additional Charts for Multiple Variables
A Note on Pie Charts and Three PivotCharts in Excel
Dimensional Charts
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website for classroom use.
Charts
• Charts (or graphs): Visual methods of displaying data
• Scatter chart: Graphical presentation of the relationship between
two quantitative variables
• Trendline: A line that provides an approximation of the relationship
between the variables
• Line chart: A line connects the points in the chart
• Useful for time series data collected over a period of time (minutes, hours,
days, years, etc.)

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2
Table 3.8: Sample Data for the San
Francisco Electronics Store

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Electronics.xls

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing scatter chart
• Step 1. Select cells B2:C11
• Step 2. Click the Insert tab in the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click the Insert Scatter (X,Y) or Bubble Chart button in the charts
group
• Step 4. When the list of scatter chart subtypes appears, click the Scatter
button
• Step 5. Click the Design tab under the Chart Tools Ribbon
• Step 6. Click Add Chart Element in the Chart Layouts group
Select Chart Title, and click Above Chart
Click on the text box above the chart,
and replace the text with Scatter
Chart for the San Francisco Electronics Store
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• Step 7. Click Add Chart Element in the Chart Layouts group
Select Axis Title, and click Primary Vertical
Click on the text box under the horizontal axis, and replace “Axis
Title” with Sales ($100s)
• Step 8. Click Add Chart Element in the Chart Layouts group
Select Axis Title, and click Primary Horizontal
Click on the text box next to the vertical axis, and replace “Axis Title”
with Number of Commercials
• Step 9. Right-click on the one of the horizontal grid lines in the body of the
chart, and click Delete
• Step 10. Right-click on the one of the vertical grid lines in the body of the
chart, and click Delete
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We can also use Excel to add a trendline to the scatter chart. A
trendline is a line that provides an approximation of the relationship
between the variables. To add a linear trendline using Excel, we use the
following steps:
• Step 1. Right-click on one of the data points in the scatter chart, and
select Add Trendline…
• Step 2. When the Format Trendline task pane appears, select Linear
under Trendline Options

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website for classroom use.
Figure 3.17: Scatter Chart for the
San Francisco Electronics Store

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8
Table 3.9: Monthly Sales Data of Air
Compressors at Kirkland Industries

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Kirkland.xls

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing line chart
• Step 1. Select cells A2:B13
• Step 2. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click the Insert Line Chart button in the Charts group
• Step 4. When the list of line chart subtypes appears, click the Line with Markers button under 2-D Line
This creates a line chart for sales with a basic layout and minimum formatting
• Step 5. Select the line chart that was just created to reveal the Chart Buttons
• Step 6. Click the Chart Elements button
Select the check boxes for Axes, Axis Titles, and Chart Title.
Deselect the check box for Gridlines.
Click on the text box next to the vertical axis, and replace “Axis Title” with Sales ($100s)
Click on the text box next to the horizontal axis and replace “Axis Title” with Month
Click on the text box above the chart, and replace “Sales ($100s)” with
Line Chart for Monthly Sales Data
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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.19: Scatter Chart and Line Chart for
Monthly Sales Data at Kirkland Industries

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13
Table 3.10: Regional Sales Data by Month
for Air Compressors at Kirkland Industries

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KirklandRegional.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing line chart for two samples
• Step 1. Select cells A2:C14
• Step 2. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click the Insert Line Chart button in the Charts group
• Step 4. When the list of line chart subtypes appears, click the Line with Markers button under 2-D Line
This creates a line chart for sales with a basic layout and minimum formatting
• Step 5. Select the line chart that was just created to reveal the Chart Buttons
• Step 6. Click the Chart Elements button
Select the check boxes for Axes, Axis Titles, and Chart Title.
Deselect the check box for Gridlines.
Click on the text box next to the vertical axis, and replace “Axis Title” with Sales ($100s)
Click on the text box next to the horizontal axis and replace “Axis Title” with Month
Click on the text box above the chart, and replace “Sales ($100s)” with
Line Chart of Regional Sales Data
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website for classroom use.
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website for classroom use.
Figure 3.21: Line Chart of Regional Sales
Data at Kirkland Industries

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18
Charts
Sparkline: Special type of line chart
• Minimalist type of line chart that can be placed directly into a
cell in Excel
• Contain no axes; they display only the line for the data
• Take up very little space and they can be effectively used to
provide information on overall trends for time series data

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KirklandRegional.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing sparkline
• Step 1. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 2. Click Line in the Sparklines group
• Step 3. When the Create Sparklines dialog box opens,
Enter B3:B14 in the Data Range: box
Enter B15 in the Location Range: box
Click OK
• Step 4. Copy cell B15 to cell C15

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website for classroom use.
KirklandRegional.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
Figure 3.22: Sparklines for the Regional
Sales Data at Kirkland Industries

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23
Charts
• Bar Charts: Use horizontal bars to display the magnitude of the
quantitative variable in Excel
• Column Charts: Use vertical bars to display the magnitude of the
quantitative variable in Excel
• Bar and column charts are very helpful in making comparisons
between categorical variables
• Note: In general, a bar chart can display bars horizontally or vertically
although in Excel, bar charts only refer to those showing horizontal
bars.

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24
AccountsManaged.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing bar chart
• Step 1. Select cells A2:B9
• Step 2. Click the INSERT tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click the Insert Column Chart button in the Charts group
• Step 4. When the list of bar chart subtypes appears:
Click the Clustered Bar button in the 2-D Bar section
• Step 5. Select the bar chart that was just created to reveal the Chart Buttons
• Step 6. Click the Chart Elements button
Select the check boxes for Axes, Axis Titles, and Chart Title.
Deselect the check box for Gridlines.
Click on the text box next to the vertical axis, and replace “Axis Title”
with Accounts Managed
Click on the text box next to the horizontal axis, and replace “Axis Title”
with Manager
Click on the text box above the chart, and replace “Chart Title” with
Bar Chart of Accounts Managed
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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.23:
Bar Charts for Accounts Managed Data

Gentry manages the

greatest number of
accounts and Williams the
fewest

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28
 Drawing sorted bar chart
• Step 1. Select cells A1:B9
• Step 2. Right-click any of the cells A1:B9
• Choose Sort
• Click Custom Sort
• Step 3. When the Sort dialog box appears:
Make sure that the check box for My data has headers is checked
Choose Accounts Managed in the Sort by box under Column
Choose Smallest to Largest under Order
Click OK
• Step 4. Select the chart to reveal the Chart Buttons
• Step 5. Click the Chart Elements button
Select the check box for Data Labels
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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.24:
Sorted Bar Chart for Accounts Managed Data

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31
Charts
• Pie charts: Common form of chart used to compare categorical data
• Bubble chart:
• Graphical means of visualizing three variables in a two-dimensional
graph
• Sometimes a preferred alternative to a 3-D graph
• Heat map: A two-dimensional graphical representation of data that
uses different shades of color to indicate magnitude

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32
AccountsManaged.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing pie chart
• Step 1. Select cells A1:B9
• Step 2. Click the INSERT tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click the Insert Pie Chart button in the Charts group
• Step 4. When the list of bar chart subtypes appears:
Click the Pie Chart button in the 2-D Bar section

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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.26: Pie Chart of Accounts
Managed

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website for classroom use.
36
Table 3.11:
Sample Data on Billionaires per Country

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37
Billionaires.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing bubble chart
• Step 1. Select cells B2:D7
• Step 2. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. In the Charts group, click Insert Scatter (X,Y) or Bubble Chart button
In the Bubble subgroup, click the Bubble button
• Step 4. Select the chart that was just created to reveal the Chart Buttons
• Step 5. Click the Chart Elements button
Select the check boxes for Axes, Axis Titles, Chart Title
and Data Labels. Deselect the check box for Gridlines.
Click on the text box under the horizontal axis, and replace “Axis Title”
with Billionaires per 10 Million Residents
Click on the text box next to the vertical axis, and replace “Axis Title”
with Per Capita Income
Click on the text box above the chart, and replace “Chart Title” with
Billionaires by Country
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website for classroom use.
• Step 6. Double-click on one of the Data Labels in the chart (e.g., the
“$54,600” next to the largest bubble in the chart) to reveal the
Format Data Labels task pane
• Step 7. In the Format Data Labels task pane, click the Label Options
icon and open the Label Options area
Under Label Contains, select Value from Cells and
click the Select Range… button
When the Data Label Range dialog box opens, select cells A2:A7
in the Worksheet
Click OK
Step 8. In the Format Data Labels task pane, deselect Y Value under
Label Contains, and select Right under Label Position
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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.27:
Bubble Chart Comparing Billionaires by
Country

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website for classroom use.
42
 SameStoreSales.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing heat map and sparklines
• Step 1. Select cells B2:M17
• Step 2. Click the Home tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. Click Conditional Formatting in the Styles group
Choose Color Scales and click on Blue–White–Red Color Scale
• Step 4. Select cell N2
• Step 5. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 6. Click Line in the Sparklines group
• Step 7. When the Create Sparklines dialog box opens:
Enter B2:M2 in the Data Range: box
Enter N2 in the Location Range: box and click OK
• Step 8. Copy cell N2 to N3:N17
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website for classroom use.
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website for classroom use.
Figure 3.28: Heat Map and Sparklines
for Same-Store Sales Data

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46
Charts
Additional Charts for Multiple Variables
• Stacked column chart: Allows the reader to compare the relative
values of quantitative variables for the same category in a bar
chart
• Clustered column (or bar) chart: An alternative chart to stacked
column chart for comparing quantitative variables
• Scatter chart matrix: Useful chart for displaying multiple
variables

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47
KirklandRegional.xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing stacked column chart
• Step 1. Select cells A2:C14
• Step 2. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 3. In the Charts group, click the Insert Column Chart button
Click the Stacked Column button under the 2-D Column

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website for classroom use.
Figure 3.29: Stacked-Column Chart for
Regional Sales Data for Kirkland Industries

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51
Figure 3.30: Comparing Stacked-, Clustered-, and
Multiple-Column Charts for the Regional Sales Data
for Kirkland Industries

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52
Table 3.12:
Data for New York City Subboroughs

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53
Figure 3.31: Scatter-Chart Matrix for
New York City Rent Data

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54
Charts
PivotCharts in Excel
PivotChart: To summarize and analyze data with both a
crosstabulation and charting, Excel pairs PivotCharts with
PivotTables

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55
Restaurant (PivotChart).xlsx

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website for classroom use.
 Drawing Pivot Chart
• Step 1. Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon
• Step 2. In the Charts group, choose PivotChart
• Step 3. When the Create PivotChart dialog box appears:
Choose Select a Table or Range
Enter A1:D301 in the Table/Range: box
Choose New Worksheet as the location for the PivotTable Report
Click OK
• Step 4. In the PivotChart Fields area, under Choose fields to add to report:
Drag the Quality Rating field to the AXIS (CATEGORIES) area
Drag the Meal Price ($) field to the LEGEND (SERIES) area
Drag the Wait Time (min) field to the VALUES area
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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
• Step 5. Click on Sum of Wait Time (min) in the Values area
• Step 6. Click Value Field Settings. . . from the list of options that
appear
• Step 7. When the Value Field Settings dialog box appears:
Under Summarize value field by, choose Average
Click Number Format
In the Category: box, choose Number
Enter 1 for Decimal places:
Click OK
When the Value Field Settings dialog box reappears, click OK

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© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
• Step 8. Right-click in cell B2 or any cell containing a meal price column
label
• Step 9. Select Group from the list of options that appears
• Step 10. When the Grouping dialog box appears:
Enter 10 in the Starting at: box
Enter 49 in the Ending at: box
Enter 10 in the By: box
Click OK
• Step 11. Right-click on “Excellent” in cell A3
• Step 12. Select Move and click Move “Excellent” to End

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website for classroom use.
© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
Figure 3.32: PivotTable and
PivotChart for the Restaurant Data

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63
Advanced Data
Visualization
Advanced Charts
Geographic Information Systems Charts

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website for classroom use.
Advanced Data Visualization
• Parallel-coordinates plot: Chart for examining data with more than
two variables
• Includes a different vertical axis for each variable
• Each observation is represented by drawing a line on the parallel
coordinates plot connecting each vertical axis
• The height of the line on each vertical axis represents the value taken by
that observation for the variable corresponding to the vertical axis
• Treemap: Useful for visualizing hierarchical data along multiple
dimensions

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65
Figure 3.33: Parallel Coordinates Plot
for Baseball Data

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66
Figure 3.34: SmartMoney’s Map of the
Market as an Example of a Treemap

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67
Advanced Data Visualization
Geographic Information Systems Charts
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS): A system that merges
maps and statistics to present data collected over different
geographies
• Helps in interpreting data and observing patterns

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68
Figure 3.36:
GIS Chart for Cincinnati Zoo Member Data

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69
Data Dashboards
Principles of Effective Data Dashboards
Application of Data Dashboards

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website for classroom use.
Data Dashboards
• Data dashboard: Data visualization tool that illustrates multiple
metrics and automatically updates these metrics as new data
become available
• Key performance indicators (KPIs) in dashboards:
• Automobile dashboard: Current speed, Fuel level, and oil pressure
• Business dashboard: Financial position, inventory on hand, customer
service metrics

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71
Data Dashboards
Principles of Effective Data Dashboards
• Should provide timely summary information on KPIs that are important to
the user
• Should present all KPIs as a single screen that a user can quickly scan to
understand the business’s current state of operations
• The KPIs displayed in the data dashboard should convey meaning to its user
and be related to the decisions the user makes
• A data dashboard should call attention to unusual measures that may
require attention
• Color should be used to call attention to specific values to differentiate
categorical variables, but the use of color should be restrained

© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
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Figure 3.36: Data Dashboard for the Grogan Oil
Information Technology Call Center

© 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected
website for classroom use.
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