1.
Basic Communication Models
Basic Communication Models
What’s Communication
Why we use communication
Use Communication in workplace
Channels of communications
Types of Communication Based on Purpose and Style
What are the advantages of communication
What are the channels of the communication
Characteristics of successful Communicator
Describe the Basic communication models
Identification of communication
Describe the usages of communication in workplace
Communication channels how to involve
Describe the types of communication
Explain the advantages of communication
Describe characteristics of successful Communicator
Describe the Basic communication models
What’s Communication?.
Communication is the exchange of information between a
sender and a receiver and perception of meaning between
the individuals involved.
Communication is the transmission or exchange a
information, signals, messages or data by any means, such
as talk, writing or via telephone, telegraph, radio or groups.
In Simple, Communication is the act of transmitting
information, ideas and attitudes from one person to another
What’s Communication?.
Communication is two way interaction between two parties
to transmit information and mutual understanding between
themselves
Why we use communication
For connecting with others
Sharing information
Giving advice
Teaching
Consulting.
Learning
Writing rules and laws
Sharing values.
For expressing our creativity
For expressing our life philosophy
Sharing the findings of our research work
Selling goods and services
Publicity and advertising
Networking with people with common interests
Use Communication in workplace
Explain visions, goals and financial plans to Managers and
supervisors and other employees.
Explain operational structure, job expectations, work ethics, rules
and policies, remuneration system, and to give feedback to
employees.
Training of employees.
Writing financial reports for directors and shareholders to assess
business profitability.
Preparing tax returns.
Channels of communications
Communication channels also called as a communication media or
transmission media
Oral Channel
Written channel
Visual channel
Oral Channel
In oral communication, Spoken words are used.it include
Verbal Instructions
Meetings
Discussions
Presentations
Explanations
voice over internet
Written Channel
In written communication, written signs or symbols are used to
communicate.it include
Memorandums
Letters
Reports
Forms
Banners
Leaflets
Handouts
Visual channel
Visual communication is the Express the ideas and information's
in the forms that can be read or viewed
It include
Signs
Logos
Symbols
Colors
Uniforms
Body language
Types of Communication Based on Purpose and Style
Based on style and purpose, there are two main categories of
communication and they both bears their own characteristics.
Communication types based on style and purpose are:
Formal Communication
Informal Communication
Formal Communication
formal communication is following, certain rules, conventions
and principles while communicating message
Formal communication channels flow in 03 directions
Upward communication
Downward communication
Horizontal communication (Lateral Communication)
Upward communication
Upward communication travels from subordinates to superiors
and continues up the organizational hierarchy
Upward communication
Ex-
Provide insight into problems
Trends
Opportunities
Grievances
Allowing executives to solve problems and make intelligent
decisions.
Downward communication
Downward communication flows from peoples from higher
level to those at lower levels in the organization hierarchy.
Downward communication
Ex-
Convey executive decisions
Providing information that helps employees do their jobs
Convey instructions and advice
Delegate the Authority
Horizontal communication
exchange of ideas between different individuals/departments
at the same level of hierarchy in the organization.
Horizontal communication
Ex-
Help employees share information
Coordinate tasks
Solve complex problems
Informal communication
Informal communications are often unofficial and
spontaneous
Ex
Instant messaging
Casual Discussion
Verbal exchange
Note
What are the advantages of communication
Enhance relationship
Better understand what others are saying
Better understand how to get your message across
Reduce stress
Increase productivity
Save time and money
Characteristics of successful Communicator
Self-starter
Persistent
Energetic
Problem Solver
Like People
Good Communicator
Friendly
Enjoy recognition
Not Easily frustrated ambitions
Basic Communications Models
Shannon's Model
One of the earliest models of communication that introduced was
Claude Shannon's model. This was introduced in 1948.
This laid the foundation for the different communication models that
we have today, and has greatly helped and enhanced the
communication process in various fields. This model can be
considered as the granddaddy of many later communication models.
Following is a simple illustration of this model.
The diagram above clearly illustrates how communication takes place,
and also helps one to determine what could go wrong.
In Shannon's model, the information source typically refers to a person,
who then sends a message with the use of a transmitter.
This transmitter could be any instrument today, from phones to
computers and other devices. The signals that are sent and received can
be vary depending on the method of communication.
The box at the bottom called NOISE refers to any signals that may
interfere with the message being carried. This again would depend on
the method of communication.
The receiver is the instrument or the person on the other side that
receives the. This model is the simplest models to understand the
workings of the communication process
SMCR Model
The SMCR (Source-Message-Channel-Receiver) Model is a standard in
communication studies. This model was originally developed by
Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver
Basic Communications Models
SMCR Model
In this model, he stresses on the relationship between the person
sending the message and the receiver.
According to this model, for the message to be properly encoded and
decoded, the communication skills of both the source and the
receiver should be at best. The communication will be at its best only
if the two points are skilled.
Berlo's model has four main components and each component has its
own sub components describing the assisting factors for each.
Basic Communications Models
Schramm's Model
Schramm on the other hand, emphasized in 1954 that both the
sender and the receiver take turns playing the role of the encoder
and the decoder when it comes to communication.
The following diagram illustrates the model proposed by Schramm.
Schramm's Model
These models have been followed by various other models such as
the 'Helical' model, Aristotle's models and several other models.
You should always keep in mind that each of these models has both
their advantages and disadvantages. While some communication
models try to break down the whole process in order to make it
easier to understand, they are not always as simple as they seem.
There are several complexities involved in communications models.
This is one thing that needs to be carefully understood in the process
of understanding how these models work.
i. Define the term of Communication?..
ii. Explain why we use communication within organization?.
iii. “Communication is sharing information” Describe that?..
iv. Describe the Channels of communications
v. Describe Formal communication channels within
organization
vi. Describe advantages and disadvantages of communication
vii. Write 03 advantages of verbal communication
