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ch08-Modeling & Simulation.ppt
- 1. 1 Modeling and Simulating BusinessProcesses Chapter 8 Business Process Modeling, Simulation and Design
- 2. 2 Simulating Business Processes Werecommend presenting this chapter by running Extend 6.0 directly, and interactively show how the program works. However, for your convenience, we have attached a selection of the figures/screenshots from Chapter 8 of the book as the basis for an in class presentation without access to a computer with Extend installed. NOTE:
- 3. 3 Import block dialogshowing and exponential inter- arrival times with mean of 6 minutes Generating Items
- 4. 4 Input Data blockused to change the first parameter of the inter-arrival time distribution in the Import block 2 V 1 A P t y Generating Items
- 5. 5 Input Data blockdialog for dry cleaner example Generating Items
- 6. 6 Program block (anddialog window) connected to a Stack block Generating Items
- 7. 7 Selection of apriority queue in the Queue tab of a Stack block Prioritizing Items
- 8. 8 Model of asingle server with a queue, where customers balk if the line reaches a specified number of customers Balking
- 9. 9 Dialog window ofthe Decision(2) block Balking
- 10. 10 Model of asingle server with a queue, where customers hang up after being on hold for specified amount of time 1 2 3 Rand 2 V 1 A P L w p p R 0 C # u D 1 # 7 # 23 Incoming calls Calls on hold Answered calls Lost calls Helping customers Generating call time Reneging
- 11. 11 Stack block tosimulate a reneging queue with reneging time of 5 minutes Reneging
- 12. 12 Admissions process witha priority queue that allows patients to go in front of the line after filling out additional forms Priority Queues
- 13. 13 Dialog window ofthe Stack block Priority Queues
- 14. 14 Example of probabilisticrouting of an incoming job Path 1 Path 2 Path 3 0.20 0.30 0.50 Incoming job Routing - Multiple Paths
- 15. 15 Illustration of probabilisticrouting with Extend ? Decision(5) 2 V 1 A P Import 1 2 3 Rand Random Number # 21 Path 1 # 29 Path 2 # 50 Path 3 Generate jobs Probabilistic decision 0.20 0.30 0.50 Multiple Paths
- 16. 16 Illustration of tacticalrouting with customers choosing the shortest line 2 V 1 A P ? L w p p R A1-3 A1-3 S DS u 1 2 3 Rand # 245 Max Con Min Con L w p p R A1-3 A1-3 S DS u 1 2 3 Rand # 211 L w p p R A1-3 A1-3 S DS u 1 2 3 Rand # 169 L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 Multiple Paths
- 17. 17 Prepare invoice Assemble order Receiveorder Ship order Parallel activities in an order fulfillment process Routing – Parallel Paths
- 18. 18 Operation, Reverse blockand dialog window Parallel Paths
- 19. 19 Operation block thatbatches two items Parallel Paths
- 20. 20 R Q1-Q3 2 V 1 AP A1-3 A1-3 S DS u Receiv ing Order A1-3 A1-3 S DS u Prepare Inv oice A1-3 A1-3 S DS u Assemble Order A1-3 A1-3 S DS u Ship Order # Extend model of the order fulfillment process Parallel Paths
- 21.
- 22. 22 Input Data blockto model variable processing time Processing Time
- 23. 23 Processing time basedon the value of the “ProcTime” attribute Processing Time
- 24. 24 Batch block anddialog window Batching
- 25. 25 Preserving uniqueness whenbatching a purchase order and an agent Batching
- 26. 26 Unbatching items withan Unbatch block Batching
- 27. 27 Model that batchespatients and nurses Batching – Resources
- 28. 28 Cost tab ofthe Import block Activity-based Costing
- 29. 29 Model to accumulatecost per unpacked crate Activity-based Costing
- 30. 30 Dialog of theCost by Item block Activity-based Costing
- 31. 31 Two operations inseries with a Timer block to measure cycle time Cycle Time Analysis
- 32. 32 Histogram of cycletimes and average cycle time vs. simulation time 0 150 300 450 600 0 1.5 3 4.5 6 Simulation Time Minutes Avg. Cycle Time vs. Simulation Time Av g. Cy cle Time Red Green Black 0 4.3 8.6 12.9 17.2 0 43.75 87.5 131.25 175 Cy cle times Count Histogram Delay Time Data Data Data Cycle Time Analysis
- 33. 33 5 1 3.6 1 23 Rand Slider control to set the mean value of an Exponential distribution Model Enhancements
- 34. 34 Meter connected tothe utilization output of Labor Pool block Model Enhancements
- 35. 35 Clone layer tool ModelEnhancements
- 36. 36 Documented software supportprocess Software Engineer Incoming calls Real-time response Software Engineer Incoming e-mails Problems resolved Case: Software Support
- 37. 37 Simulation model ofactual process Case: Software Support
- 38. 38 Simulation model ofdocumented process Case: Software Support
- 39. 39 Admissions Registration Desk Lab Waiting Room Types 2 and3 Time U(2,5) Type 1 Time U(3,8) Floors Schematic representation of the hospital admissions process Case: Hospital Admissions
- 40. 40 Extend model ofthe current admissions process Arriv als Reg and Lab Patients ty pe 2 and 3 go to registration and lab tests Patients arriv e ev ery 15 minutes Ty pe 3 patients Admitting of f icers help patients Ty pe 2 patients Rooms Orderlies accompany patients to their rooms M D sensor Timer # 33 Change priority f rom ty pe 2 to 1.5 Ty pes 1 and 2 Total number of patients serv ed Arriv ing patients and ty pe 2 patients returning f rom the lab are merged Ty pe 2 patiens walk back to admissions Update Activ ity Stats P Set P Admissions C # u D Walk back Case: Hospital Admissions
- 41. 41 2 V 1 AP T Sy s Var Current time 1 2 3 Rand Bef ore 10 AM 1 2 3 Rand Af ter 10 AM Get P P Con1Out Con1Out Y N ? A Set A # 2 Patients arriv ing af ter 4 PM are sent to the outpatient desk Sy s Var Current time Arrivals block from the admissions model Case: Hospital Admissions
- 42. 42 Admissions block fromthe admissions model C # u D Ty pe 1 L w p p R Queue Get P P u # Con1In Con1In Con2Out Con2Out Con3Out Con3Out demand a b c 1 2 3 Rand C # u D Ty pe 2 Patients wait f or an admissions of f icer If patient is ty pe 2 or 3, go to the lab, otherwise go to the rooms 1 2 3 Rand C # u D Ty pe 3 1 2 3 Rand Get P P Pool of admitting of f icers demand a b c a b c Case: Hospital Admissions
- 43. 43 Registration and Labblock from the admissions model C # u D Registration L w p p R C # u D Lab tests L w p p R Waiting room Y N ? Get P P Con1In Con1In Con2Out Con2Out Con3Out Con3Out 1 2 3 Rand 1 2 3 Rand Patients f orm a line at the registration desk Patients wait f or a lab technician Ty pe 3 patients leav e the process Ty pe 2 patients return to the admissions desk Case: Hospital Admissions
- 44. 44 Rooms block fromthe admissions model C # u D Walk to room demand a b c a b c Pool of orderlies C # u D Wait f or papers C # u D Walk back demand a b c Con1Out Con1Out Con3In Con3In select b ? a 0.8 0.2 u # Orderlies and patients walk to the rooms Orderiles and patients are unbatched 1 2 3 Rand Orderlies and patients are batched Orderlies walk back to admissions Case: Hospital Admissions
- 45. 45 Histogram of cycletimes for type 1 patients 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 More Cycle time Frequency .00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% Case: Hospital Admissions
- 46. 46 Extend model ofthe redesigned admissions process Admissions Arriv als Lab tests Patients ty pe 2 and 3 go to lab tests Patients arriv e ev ery 15 minutes Ty pe 3 patients leav e Admitting of f icers help patients Ty pe 2 patients Rooms Orderlies accompany patients to their rooms M D sensor Timer # 36 Ty pes 1 and 2 Total number of patients serv ed Ty pe 1 and 2 patients are merged Ty pe 2 patiens walk to wait f or an orderly C # u D Walk back Case: Hospital Admissions
- 47. 47 A B C D E FG Type I Types II & III Measuring cycle times of different types of jobs Exercise 1
- 48. 48 A1 B1 A2 B2 A3B3 Type 1 C1 C2 C3 Type 2 Type 3 Investigating the effect of pooling resources Exercise 2
- 49. 49 Review& Distribution Underwriting Rating Policy Writing Assessing processperformance Exercise 4
- 50.
- 51. 51 A B C D EF G H I J 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.5 Flowchart for Exercise 8 Exercise 8
- 52. 52 Flowchart for theX-ray process 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 8 9 25% Project: X-ray Process
- 53. 53 2 1 3 4 5 Storage of inbound material Paralleloperations (Workstations 1-3) Assembly (Workstation 4) Painting (Workstation 5) Inspection Rework Flowchart of the production process for the Assembly Factory Project: An Assembly Factory