Configuring input and output devices

CONFIGURING INPUT AND
OUTPUT DEVICES
By; Mary Jane Padua

OVERVIEW:
Input Devices
Output Devices

INPUT DEVICES
Input device captures information and translates it into a
form that can be processed and used by other parts of your
computer.
•Keyboards
•Pointing devices
•Game controllers
•Scanners
•Styluses
•Microphones
•Digital cameras
•Web cams

INPUT DEVICES
• The keyboard is the most common input device. Types of
keyboards include:
• Wireless
• Multimedia and one-touch access
• Portable keyboards for PDAs

POINTING DEVICES
• Pointing devices are mainly used to choose and enter commands
• Pointing devices tend to have PS/2 connectors or USB connectors
• PS/2 connector fits into a PS/2 port, which a small round socket
with small holes that fit the pins on the connector
• USB connectors fit into USB ports, and these are small
rectangular openings on the back or front of your computer, or
even on your keyboard or monitor

POINTING DEVICES
• Various pointing devices are available
• Types of pointing devices:
• Mouse
•Mechanical mouse
•Optical mouse
•Wireless mouse
• Trackball
• Touchpad
• Pointing stick

GAME CONTROLLER
• Game controllers are used mainly to play games
• Types of gaming devices
• Gamepads
• Joysticks
• Gaming wheels
• Force feed

SPECIALIZED INPUT DEVICES
• Other types of input devices include:
• Scanners
• Styluses
• Microphones
• Digital cameras
• Web cams

SCANNER
•Scanner is a light sensitive device that helps you copy or capture
images, photos, and artwork that exist on paper. Types of
scanners include:
•Flatbed

STYLUSES
• Stylus is an input device consisting of a thin stick that uses
pressure to enter information or to click and point
• Styluses are used with:
•PDAs
•Tablet PCs
•Graphics tablets

MICROPHONES
• Microphones are used to input audio
• Three main types of microphones are:
•Desktop microphones
•Headsets
•Directional microphones
• Speech recognition is increasingly being included in
application software

DIGITAL CAMERAS
• Digital cameras are used to:
• Download images to a computer
• Post pictures to the Web
• Produce videos
• Resolution is measured in megapixels
• Higher the resolution, better the image quality, but the more
expensive the camera

WEB CAMS
• Web cam is a video camera that can be used to take images
for uploading to the Web

OUTPUT DEVICES
• Output devices take information within your computer and
present it to you in a form that you can understand
• Main output devices:
• Monitors
• Printers
• Speakers

FLAT PANEL DISPLAY DEVICES
• Devices with flat-panel displays
• Tablet PCs
• PDAs
• Cellular phones
• Desktop computers

MONITORS
• CRTs
• Flat-panel displays
• Gas plasma
• LCD (liquid crystal display)
• Passive matrix
• Active matrix
• Called TFT (thin film transistor)
• Separate transistor for every pixel

PRINTERS
• Inkjet – most popular
• Makes images by forcing droplets through nozzles
• Top speed is 20 pages per minute
• Laser
• Forms images using an electrostatic process
• Prints between 3 and 30 pages per minute

PRINTERS
• Multifunction printer:
• Scan, copy, fax, and print
• Can be either inkjet or laser
• Cost less than buying individual units
• Take up less desk space

SPEAKERS
• A speaker is a device that produces computer output as sound
• Speakers are common devices in computer systems Examples
include:
• Built-in speaker
• Two-device set speakers
• Surround sound speakers

OPERATING SYSTEMS AND
DEVICES : AN OVERVIEW
• The operating system must:
 Handle input from the keyboard, mouse, and other input
devices
Handle output on the screen, printer and other output
devices
Control information storage and retrieval
Support communication with remote computers

DEVICE DRIVERS
• A device driver is a program that controls a particular
type of device that is attached to your computer. There
are device drivers for printers, displays, CD-ROM readers,
diskette drives, and so on. When you buy an operating
system, many device drivers are built into the product.

USING DEVICE DRIVERS
•OS provides basic input and output support
for the parallel, serial, bus, or ports
•Specific features of individual devices are
provided by device drivers

USING DEVICE DRIVERS
• MACINTOSH users
Can use ZIP-format archives
More common format is STUFFIT
• UNIX system users
Retrieve drivers in tar format
Stuffit is also available for some UNIX system

MANUFACTURER DRIVER
INSTALLATION
Hardware installation manufacturer’s install utility
Usually fully automatic
Well documented

WINDOWS 2000/XP/SERVER 2003
DEVICE AND DRIVERS INSTALLATION
• Several Installation Methods
PnP capability
Add/remove Hardware wizard or Add Hardware Wizard
Specialization Icon on Control Panel
Device manager

• PnP method
Shut down the OS
Turn off the power
Connect the device
Plug the device into power
Turn on the computer
OS automatically installs the drivers

• ADD/REMOVE HARDWARE OR ADD HAARDWARE
WIZARDS
Windows 2000 uses ADD/REMOVE Hardware wizard
Windows XP/Server 2003 uses ADD/REMOVE Wizard
Control Panel method

• DEVICE MANAGER METHOD
Convenient method
Determine location of device drive files
Check to make sure a device is working
Determine if there is a resource conflict

• INTERRUPT REQUEST(IRQ)
Communication channel
Can communicate with the CPU
• I/O ADDRESS RANGE
Memory reserve for a particular device
Device manager shows IRQ lines and any conflicts

• DRIVER SIGNING
Unique digital signature
Ensures that the driver works properly
Security feature to ensure that there has been no tampering

UNIX/LINUX DRIVER INSTALLATION
• Concept of drivers in UNIX
different fro other operating systems
The kernel is where most device drivers are loaded
•Device special files
Blocked special files
Character special files
 named pipes

MAC OS X DRIVER INSTALLATION
• Mac OS X systems include drivers for most hardware
• General steps for new hardware installs:
Shut down OS and turn off computer
Attach the new hardware
Restart the computer and OS
Insert CD-ROM
Run the installer program

Configuring input and output devices

Configuring input and output devices

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