Decision Support System(DSS)

Decision Support System(DSS)

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  -A system fordecision making and problem solving.
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  What is DSS? A DSS is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities.  A DSS is a collection of integrated software applications and hardware that form the backbone of an organization’s decision making process and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance.
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  Decision Making asa Component of Problem Solving Intelligence Decision making Design Problem Choice solving Implementation Monitoring
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  Taxonomies Haettenschwiler’s classification accordingto Relationship with User:-  Passive DSS : A passive DSS is a system that aids the process of decision making, but that cannot bring out explicit decision suggestions or solutions.  Active DSS : An active DSS can bring out such decision suggestions or solutions.  Cooperative DSS : A cooperative DSS allows the decision maker to modify, complete, or refine the decision suggestions provided by the system, before sending them back to the system for validation.
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  Taxonomies(cont.) According to DanielPower:-  Communication-driven DSS : It supports more than one person working on a shared task; examples include integrated tools like Microsoft's NetMeeting.  Data-driven DSS : It emphasizes access to and manipulation of a time series of internal company data and, sometimes, external data.  Document-driven DSS : It manages, retrieves, and manipulates unstructured information in a variety of electronic formats.  Knowledge-driven DSS : It provides specialized problem- solving expertise stored as facts, rules, procedures, or in similar structures.  Model-driven DSS : It emphasizes access to and manipulation of a statistical, financial, optimization, or simulation model. Model- driven DSS use data and parameters provided by users to assist decision makers in analyzing a situation; they are not necessarily data-intensive.
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  Taxonomies(cont.) Daniel Power againdifferentiated it in two ways in the basis of scope:-  Enterprise-wide DSS : An enterprise-wide DSS is linked to large data warehouses and serves many managers in the company.  Desktop DSS : A desktop, single-user DSS is a small system that runs on an individual manager's PC.
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  DSS Characteristics : Facilitation : DSS facilitate and support specific decision- making activities and/or decision processes.  Interaction : DSS are computer-based systems designed for interactive use by decision makers or staff users who control the sequence of interaction and the operations performed.  Ancillary : DSS can support decision makers at any level in an organization. They are NOT intended to replace decision makers.  Repeated Use : DSS are intended for repeated use. A specific DSS may be used routinely or used as needed for ad hoc decision support tasks.  Identifiable : DSS may be independent systems that collect or replicate data from other information systems OR subsystems of a larger, more integrated information system.
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  DSS Characteristics (cont.): Task-oriented : DSS provide specific capabilities that support one or more tasks related to decision-making, including: intelligence and data analysis; identification and design of alternatives; choice among alternatives; and decision implementation.  Decision Impact : DSS are intended to improve the accuracy, timeliness, quality and overall effectiveness of a specific decision or a set of related decisions.  Supports individual and group decision making : It provides a single platform that allows all users to access the same information and access the same version of truth, while providing autonomy to individual users and development groups to design reporting content locally.  Comprehensive Data Access : It allows users to access data from different sources concurrently, leaving organizations the freedom to choose the data warehouse that best suits their unique requirements and preferences.
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  DSS Characteristics (cont.): Easy to Develop and Deploy : DSS delivers an interactive, scalable platform for rapidly developing and deploying projects. Multiple projects can be created within a single shared metadata. Within each project, development teams create a wide variety of re-usable metadata objects.  Integrated software : DSS’s integrated platform enables administrators and IT professionals to develop data models, perform sophisticated analysis, generate analytical reports, and deliver these reports to end users via different channels (Web, email, file, print and mobile devices).  Flexibility : DSS features are flexible and can be altered according to need providing a helping hand in the work process.
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  DSS Objectives : 1.Increase the effectiveness of the manager's decision- making process. 2. Supports the manager in the decision-making process but does not replace it. 3. Improve the directors effectiveness of decision making.
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  DSS Components : DSScomponents may be classified as:  Inputs : Factors, numbers, and characteristics to analyze.  User Knowledge and Expertise : Inputs requiring manual analysis by the user.  Outputs : Transformed data from which DSS "decisions" are generated.  Decisions : Results generated by the DSS based on user criteria.
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  DSS Requirements : Data collection from multiple sources (sales data, inventory data, supplier data, market research data. etc.).  Data formatting and collation.  A suitable database location and format built for decision support -based reporting and analysis .  Robust tools and applications to report, monitor, and analyze the data.
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  DSS Advantages : 1. Time savings 2. Enhance effectiveness 3. Improve interpersonal communication 4. Competitive advantage 5. Cost reduction 6. Increase decision maker satisfaction 7. Promote learning 8. Improves personal efficiency
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  DSS Disadvantages : 1. Monetary cost. 2. Overemphasize decision making. 3. Assumption of relevance. 4. Transfer of power. 5. Unanticipated effects. 6. Obscuring responsibility. 7. False belief in objectivity. 8. Status reduction. 9. Information overload.
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  DSS Applications : Medical diagnosis.  Business and Management.  Agricultural production.  Forest management.
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  Presented By :- SAYANTAN SUR BCA(H) – 2ND SEM THANK YOU