functions in c-1.pptxfunctions in c-1.pptx

functions in c-1.pptxfunctions in c-1.pptx

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  functions
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  • Functions inC are self-contained blocks of code designed to perform a specific task. They are fundamental to modular programming in C, offering several benefits: • Modularity: • Functions break down a complex program into smaller, manageable units, making the code easier to understand, develop, and maintain. • Reusability: • Once defined, a function can be called multiple times throughout a program or even in different programs, avoiding redundant code.
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  • Types ofFunctions: • Library Functions (Built-in Functions): • These are predefined functions provided by the C standard library, • accessible by including relevant header files (e.g., printf() and scanf() from • stdio.h, sqrt() from math.h). • User-Defined Functions: • These are functions created by the programmer to perform specific tasks not • covered by library functions.
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  • Explanation ofeach part: • Return type: Specifies the type of value the function will return. Use void if the function does not return anything. • Function name: A unique name that identifies the function. It follows the same naming rules as variables. • Parameter list: A set of input values passed to the function. If the function takes no inputs, this can be left empty or written as void. • Function body: The block of code that runs when the function is called. It is enclosed in curly braces { }.
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  • Function Declarationvs Definition • It's important to understand the difference between declaring a function and defining it. Both play different roles in how the compiler understands and uses your function. • Function Declaration • A declaration tells the compiler about the function's name, return type, and parameters before it is actually used. It does not contain the function's body. This is often placed at the top of the program or in a header file.
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  • Why isdeclaration needed? • If a function is defined after the main function or another function that uses it, then a declaration is needed before it is called. This helps the compiler recognize the function and check for correct usage. • In short, the declaration introduces the function to the compiler, and the definition explains what it actually does. • Calling a Function • Once a function is defined, you can use it by simply calling its name followed by parentheses. This tells the program to execute the code inside that function.
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  • Types ofFunction in C • In C programming, functions can be grouped into two main categories: library functions and user-defined functions. Based on how they handle input and output, user-defined functions can be further classified into different types. • 1. Library Functions: These are built-in functions provided by C, such as printf(), scanf(), sqrt(), and many others. You can use them by including the appropriate header file, like #include <stdio.h> or #include <math.h>. • 2. User-Defined Functions: These are functions that you create yourself to perform specific tasks in your program. Depending on whether they take input or return a value, they can be of four types: • No arguments, no return value: The function neither takes input nor returns any result. • Arguments, no return value: The function takes input but does not return anything. • No arguments, return value: The function does not take input but returns a result. • Arguments and return value: The function takes input and returns a result.
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