Lecture1_introduction to python.pptx

Eng. Mohammed AL-Yemeni
Winter-2022
Modern Specialized College
Faculty of Engineering
Mechatronics Engineering Department
4th Level
Practical Lab
Lab 1- Introduction to Python Programming
Language

What is Python?
• Python is a popular high-level programming language.
• It can handle various programming tasks such as numerical
computation, web development, database programming, network
programming, parallel processing, etc.
• Official website: http://www.python.org
• Python official documentation: http://docs.python.org/

Python Features
Python is popular for various reasons including:
• It is free.
• Available on all the popular operating systems such as Windows, Mac or
Linux.
• It is an interpreted language (no need for compiling or linking).
• Highly readable and easier to debug. It gives the ability to program faster.
• Programs written in Python can be run on various OS or platforms with
little or no change.
• It is a dynamically typed language (No need for declaration)
• It has a dedicated developer and user community and is kept up to date.
• Used in Raspberry pi programming.

Python Applications
• Web Development and Gaming
• Cyber Security and Networks
• Artificial Intelligent
• Internet of Things
• Automation
• Data Science

Python: Compiling VS Interpreting
• Python is interpreted high-level language
• Many languages require you to compile (translate) your program into a
form that the machine understands.
• Python is instead directly interpreted into machine instructions.

Python Environments
• Python Shell –running 'python' from the Command Line opens this
interactive shell
• Python IDLE is an Integrated Development Environment for Python,
typically used on Windows, Multi-window text editor with syntax
highlighting, auto-completion, smart indent and other.
• The Jupyter Notebook is an interactive computing environment that
enables users to author notebook documents that include: -Live code -
Interactive widgets -Plots -Narrative text -Equations -Images -Video
• Pycharm
• Anaconda

Installing Anaconda
• So to use anaconda
download it first
• Go to anaconda site
https://www.anacond
a.com/distribution/ .

Different Python Environments
•Hello World using IDLE (Python 3.7)
•Hello World using Spyder
• Hello World using Jupyter Notebook

Anaconda
conditional free and open-source distribution of the Python programming
languages for scientific computing (data science, machine learning
applications, large-scale data processing, predictive analytics, etc.), that
aims to simplify package management and deployment.

Installing Jupyter Notebook
Prerequisite: Python
While Jupyter runs code in many programming languages, Python is a requirement (Python 3.3 or
greater, or Python 2.7) for installing the Jupyter Notebook.

Installing Jupyter using Anaconda and conda
Use the following installation steps:
• Download Anaconda. We recommend downloading Anaconda’s latest
Python 3 version (currently Python 3.5).
• Install the version of Anaconda which you downloaded, following the
instructions on the download page.

Print
• print: Produces text output on the console.
• Syntax:
print ("Message") print (Expression)
• Prints the given text message or expression value on the console, and moves the
cursor down to the next line.
print (Item1, Item2, ..., ItemN)
• Prints several messages and/or expressions on the same line.
 Examples:
• Code:
age = 45
print ("You have", 65 -age, "years until retirement“)
• Output:
You have 20 years until retirement

User Input
• input: Reads a number from user input.
• We can instruct Python to pause and read data from the user using the input()
function
• You can assign (store) the result of input into a variable.
• The input() function returns a string
Example:
• Code:
name = input('Who are you?')
print('Welcome', name)
• Output:
Who are you? Ali
Welcome Ali

String Conversions
• You can also use int() and float() to convert between strings and integers
>>> x = '123'
>>> type(x)
<class 'str’> >>> x = int(x)
>>> type(x)
<class 'int'>
• You will get an error if the string does not contain numeric characters

Variables, Expressions, and Statements
• Fixed values such as numbers, letters, and
strings, are called “constants” because
their value does not change
• Numeric constants are as you expect
• String constants use single quotes (') or
double quotes (")

Reserved Words
• You cannot use reserved words as variable names / identifiers

Variables
• A variable is a named place in the memory where a programmer can
store data and later retrieve the data using the variable “name”.
•Programmers get to choose the names of the variables.
• You can change the contents of a variable in a later statement.

Basic Python Statements and Data Types (Cont.)
• Variables
Python is a dynamic language and hence you do not need to specify the
variable type as in C/C++.
The values can be an integer, float, string, lists, tuples, dictionary, set,
etc.
>>> a = 1 #integer
>>> a = 10.0 #float
>>> a = “hello” # String

• Comments
All code should contain comments that describe what it
does
In Python, lines beginning with a # sign are comment lines
You can also have comments on the same line as a
statement
# This entire line is a comment
x=5# Set up loop counter
For multiline comments, use """triple quotes"""

Type Conversions
• When you put an integer and
floating point in an expression,
the integer is implicitly
converted to a float.
• You can control this with the
built-in functions int() and
float()
>>> print(float(99) + 100)
199.0
>>> i = 42
>>> type(i)
<class'int'>
>>> f = float(i)
>>> print(f)
42.0
>>> type(f)
<class'float'>

Exercise
• Write a program to prompt the user for hours and rate per
hour to compute gross pay.
• Enter Hours: 35
• Enter Rate: 2.75
Pay: 96.25

• if-else statement
All code should contain comments that describe what it does
if a<10 :
print(a is less than 10)
elif if a<20 :
print(a is between 10 and 20)
else:
print(a is greater than 20)

for Loop: Repeats a set of statements over a group of values.
• Syntax:
for variableName in groupOfValues :
statements
We indent the statements to be repeated with tabs or spaces.
variableName gives a name to each value, so you can refer to it in the statements.
groupOfValues can be a range of integers, specified with the range function.
• Example:
for x in range(1, 6):
print (x, "squared is", x * x)
Output:
1 squared is 1
2 squared is 4
3 squared is 9
4 squared is 16
5 squared is 25

Operators
Many logical expressions use relational operators:
Modules

Modules
• Modules are additional pieces of code that further extend Python’s
functionality
• A module typically has a specific functionality
import module:
import fibo
Can import specific methods from module:
from fibo import fib, fib2
Can import all names defined by module:
from fiboi mport *

Math Module Commands
• Python has useful commands for performing calculations.
• To use many of these commands, you must write the following at the top of your Python
program:
from math import *

For the next lab
• Make sure Anaconda packages are installed properly
• Install NUMPY using the anaconda prompt
conda install numpy
• When finished, run Juyter notebook and test the installation of
numpy using importing it and performing any operation

For the next lab
• Make sure Anaconda packages are installed properly
• Install scipy using the anaconda prompt
conda install scipy
• When finished, run Juyter notebook and test the installation of scipy
using importing it and performing any operation
using the import
Import scipy

Lecture1_introduction to python.pptx

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