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Lesson-5-Software-CSS-Need.pptxModule123
- 1. Software CSS NC IIneeded softwares
- 2. System Softwares: Firmware (BIOS andCMOS) Operating System Device Drivers System Utilities
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- 4. Operatin g System Collection ofcomputer programs that control the interaction of the user and the computer hardware. Responsible for directing all computer operations and managing all computer resources.
- 5. System Utilities : •System software consistingof programs for routine, repetitive tasks ( e.g. copying, clearing primary storage, computing a square root, or sorting), which can be shared by many users.
- 6. Device Driver: Helps thecomputer communicate with that particular device. When we add a device to an existing computer, part of its installation includes adding its device driver to the configuration.
- 7. Firmware •Firmware is datathat is stored on a computer or other hardware device's ROM (read-only memory) that provides instruction on how that device should operate. Unlike normal software, firmware cannot be changed or deleted by an end-user without the aid of special programs and remains on that device whether or not it's on or off.
- 8. Operating System Desktop andServer Computers
- 9. Freeware, Shareware, and CommercialSoftware – What’s the Difference Software License (Proprietary Software vs Open Source Software)
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- 11. Categories of software: •Thereare three main categories of software: freeware, shareware, and commercial. Most programs on the Internet are distributed either as freeware or shareware and seem to be free of charge and distribution restrictions.
- 12. What Is Freeware? •Freewareis a type of software that comes with permission to be redistributed but not modified and with no source code accessible. It refers to a closed type of software and is often adopted by companies to collect data, promote premium versions, and increase market share.
- 13. What Is Freeware? •The package comes either cost-free or with an optional fee. Some restrictions may be applied, but in general, it is offered for an unlimited time of use. It is great for smaller companies or companies with a tight budget. Freeware programs (e.g. Skype) have copyright laws that prevent users from modifying the code. • Do they have something in common with free software? No.
- 14. Why Freeware IsNot Free Software • The main differences are copyright laws and costs. Free software is free of copyright laws, whereas freeware is free of cost. A free program has no limitations, but it is not free in terms of the price attached to it. It can be adjusted or repurposed completely by a user. The data is 100% available. Freeware may also provide source code publicity or be partially restrictive. But that is not necessarily.
- 15. In free software,you can: •use software for different purposes; •learn and upgrade software to meet your needs; •share software with other users; •make changes and introduce improvements to others so they can benefit from the renewed software as well.
- 16. Why Freeware IsNot Free Software • In freeware, the creators are the only ones who can or cannot allow more access or modifications to their software. They can hide the source code or put some restrictions on it for specific environments. In other words, freeware is free of charge but not free of use, which is always restricted by the creator.
- 17. What Is Shareware? •Sharewareis proprietary software that is distributed free on a trial basis with a further payment for continued support and updates. This means a user might need to invest later. Often, there is a built-in expiration date for free use, which is commonly a 15-30-day trial period after which the users who do not pay have no access to the program.
- 18. What Is Shareware? •Or there is a limited in-built set of features provided for free with the ability to buy a complete version if desired. • Or there is a full package of features that may be offered to users for a certain period only. Redistribution is possible but with a required license fee.
- 19. Types of Shareware •Adware software makes different types of advertisements (usually relevant ones) displayed on a user’s computer. • Crippleware (Crippled software) has a disabled set of crucial features and services until users unlock access to them by going through a registration process. • Donationware is a type of software that comes for free but with the request of making an optional donation to the creator or a third-party organization.
- 20. Types of Shareware •Freemium (free and premium) software offers a basic set of functionalities for free and a premium set of functionalities for a subscription fee. • Nagware is a sort of software that reminds a user to upgrade or buy a premium version repetitively. It is a nagging reminder to register for an additional fee. • Trialware (or demoware) provides a program that is the same as the original one but which is limited in one way or another. For example, a program that has a limited number of features (3 features out of 10 are available) or a program that operates for a certain period before it expires.
- 21. What Is CommercialSoftware? • Commercial software is computer software that serves commercial purposes. It is created to make profit and can be either proprietary or free. The best example is Oracle. • An authorized license is required to use the program, and the code is kept a secret. • Thus, it cannot be distributed to third parties. At the same time, there are no restrictions in the package when it comes to features and the period of usage.
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- 23. Open Source Software •Open source software is a computer program with the source code and development model that are available to the public. It is based on three fundamental criteria – transparency, participation, and collaboration. • This model is about collaborative development, where everyone can work on the code. It emphasizes the value of transparency and practicality in software.
- 24. Open Source Software •Users can edit and modify the source code, though the ownership belongs to the developer only. • The idea behind open source software is that anybody who gets the program can go ahead and modify the code even more. The contributors work on such software all the time.
- 25. The Free SoftwareFoundation Understanding the FSF Philosophy: ● Freedom to use the software for any purpose ● Freedom to examine the source code and modify it as you see fit ● Freedom to redistribute the software ● Freedom to redistribute your modified software
- 26. Server OS vsDesktop OS
- 27. Desktop Operating System •themain control program in a user’s desktop or laptop computer, also known as client operating system. It can either be freeware or commercial software. The top 3 most popular desktop operating systems are: Windows, Mac and Linux. The first two being the fiercest competitors in the commercial market, and the third, their freeware rival the Linux.
- 28. Windows OS: •Undoubtedly themost popular OS ever created. Survey shows that about 90% of all desktop or laptop computers are running on a Windows platform. The first Windows version launched in 1985 was nothing more than a GUI offered as an extension to the existing Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS- DOS) based pretty much on licensed concepts of the Macintosh System Software.
- 29. Mac OS: • Couldbe best described with a saying very popular among Mac users: “When you go Mac, you’ll never go back!” In the early 80’s Apple defined the shape of the graphical user interface we still use today. Mac’s tend to have a reputation for being expensive and overpriced, however nowadays this is not exactly true. Although one can definitely find a cheaper Windows- based desktop or laptop, Mac’s can sometimes be cheaper than a similarly equipped Windows device.
- 30. Linux OS: •Compared tothe Windows and Mac, the Linux is a newer open-source OS. It has a lot of variants, the most popular being the Ubuntu Linux. The advantages Linux has over its competitors are most importantly, the open source and the “lightness” of the system, making it the best option for older or weaker machines.
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- 34. Linux OS Interface:(Ubuntu)
- 35. Server Operating System: •Aserver operating system is an advanced operating system designed to run on servers. It has the necessary features and subsystems to operate in a client-server architecture and serve clients' requests.
- 37. Just Observe! Terms mighthurt your heads out ☺
- 39. Any PC canbe a server? That’s is because of?
- 40. Server operating systemsfacilitate the implementation of various server platforms, such as: • Web servers. A web server hosts programs and data, and responds to client requests for web pages or other web- based services. Common web servers are Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS), and Nginx. • Mail servers. A mail server allows users to forward and receive emails for and from their business and controls individual email accounts based on a specific domain. • File servers. File sharing involves a joint storage point for a business to store documents or data - a network drive.
- 41. Server operating systemsfacilitate the implementation of various server platforms, such as: • Database servers. Some server operating systems include database integration, which facilitates dynamic web page building based on the database contents. • Application servers. Server operating systems must be able to run business-critical applications, whether that's a self- hosted CRM or a SaaS. A server OS usually functions as a shared environment for various collaborative applications. • Print servers. Another feature that server operating systems facilitate is print sharing, allowing multiple machines to use a single printer.
- 42. Common Server OperatingSystems • There is an abundance of operating systems available today. According to some statistics, roughly 80% of all servers use some variation of Linux, while about 20% of servers use Windows. • The key differences between Windows and Linux. The stark difference in market share is likely because Linux is free and doesn't require user-based licensing like Windows. • Each OS has its pros and cons, and its ease of use depends on the user's technical competence level. The following list is not exhaustive, but it comprises the most common server operating systems.