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Linking Open Data with Drupal
- 1. Linking Open Data with Drupal Emmanuel Jamin Drupal.cat October 4th, 2012 Citilab, Cornellá
- 2. Who am I? EmmanuelJamin – PhD • At Paris XI university (LIMSI-CNRS, Orsay) – Research and development (EU projects) • At Edelweiss (INRIA, Sophia Antipolis) • At the Knowledge Lab (ATOS, Barcelona) – Now • Semantic Web consultant in Barcelona • www.OpenData-consulting.com • @openDataC
- 3. Plan Introduction to Open Data Introduction to the Semantic Web From Open Data to Linked Data Drupal modules for Linking Open Data LOD + Drupal hackathon in Barcelona?
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- 5. A – OD- Definition “Open data is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and sharealike.” http://OpenDefinition.org
- 6. A – OD- Principles > Availabilityand Access Availability and Access Reuse and Redistribution > Reuse and Redistribution Universal Participation > Universal Participation
- 7. A – OD– Small history 1957-1958: 1st concept “open access to scientific data” 2001: 1st definition “the web of data” (Tim Berners Lee) 2004-05: 1st fondation Open Knowledge Fondation (http://okfn.org/) 2009-05: 1st Open Government platform in US http://data.gov 2012-09: 1st Open Knowledge Festival http://okfestival.org
- 8. Image by PeterIto (2009): http://www.flickr.com/photos/peterito/3054501076/lightbox/
- 9. A – OD- Platforms Open Cities Open Science Open Government Transparency Open Science Open CitiesOpen Government Participation Open Education Collaboration Open Culture Open Health Open Health … Open Education
- 10. A – OD– Status of OD Topics From: http://okfn.org/opendata/
- 11. A – OD– Status of OD Database Types of Data Structured Data Documents Documents Raw data Open Data Raw Data Structured data Linked Data Linked data Geo Data
- 12. A – OD– Status of OD Heterogenous standards (Open Standard) TXT PDF - DOC PDF CSV CSV ZIP XML ODT RDF JSON RDF KML-KMZ XML XSL JSON
- 13. A – OD– Comparison Barcelona Catalunya España Datos.gov.es / Gen.cat / barcelona.cat http://w20.bcn.cat/opendata/ http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/dadesobertes/ http://datos.gob.es/datos/ Website Topics Economy, Cartography and Public sector, Culture Cartography, maps, Facilities and hobbies, Science Population, Statistics, and technologies, Environment, Meteorology. Environment, Administration Nomenclators, Health, Education, Public transport, Tansport Turism Formats CSV, PDF, XLS, XML, TMX, ZIP, PDF, CSV, XHTML, HTML, PDF, RDF, TXT, ZIP KML-KMZ, DOC, XLS, XLS, XML, ZIP XML, JSON, RDF, SHP, SPARQL
- 14. A – OD– Why opening up data? Why opening up the data? Why opening up the Data?
- 15. A – OD– Why opening up data? Graphic representation of dataset to visualize it easily http://civio.es
- 16. A – OD– Why opening up data? Facet search and browsing Data integration to compare easily http://civio.es
- 17. A – OD– Why opening up data? http://manybills.researchlabs.ibm.com/ Data formalization Facet search and browsing to contextualize information easily
- 18. http://www.unhabitat.org/ A– OD – Why opening up data? Data reuse and combination Facet search and browsing to contextualize information easily
- 19. A – OD– Why opening up data? Big Data analysis Graphic representation of dataset Statistics to visualize it easily Graphic representation Data reuse and combination Data vizualization Data integration Data integrationreuse Data to compare easily Facet search and browsing search and browsing Facet Data to contextualize information easily – contextualization Data mapping
- 20. A – OD– Why opening up data? Analyze it … Reuse it … Opening the data Reuse it Open Data Mix it Analyse it Mix it … Visualise it … Vizualize it For a for a comprehension better better comprehension!
- 21. OD – Thebig challenge The OD movement has: The big challenge The energy The Open Mind philosophy The public resources Etc. But something is missing ...
- 22.
- 23. OD – Thebig challenge Opening the data is great ! But it is not enough … Linking Open Data !
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- 26. B – SW- Principios Do not read the next slide Do not read the next slide!
- 27. B – SW- Principios You loose!
- 28. B – SW- Principios Humans identify and interpret information Humans identify and interpret information Machines don't Machines don't
- 29. B – Towardsthe structured web Separate the content and the form Separate the form and the content XML and metadata
- 30. B– Towards the Structured Web Arbitrary metadata XML and the metadata <book/> | <chapter/> | <paragraph/>
- 31. B– Arbitrary metadata understandthe machines? What do really <hbskm/> | <rzañokt/> | <kmcsuhdd/>
- 32. B– What is thelast document have your read? Which is the last document you read?
- 33. B– Document? Document { book, newspaper, paper, post-card … }
- 34. B– The answer is based on a Shared Ontology The answer is based on a shared knowledge We can understand You can reason
- 35. B– Document Document Book Book Roman / Novel Roman Novel
- 36. B– “An ontology isa specification of a conceptualization” (i.e. the logical description of the concepts and relationships that can exist for an agent or a community of agents). Tom Grüber (1993)
- 37. B– Towards the SemanticWeb Towards the Semantic Web
- 38. B – SW- Definition the Semantic Web is "a web of data that can be processed directly and indirectly by machines." Tim Berners Lee (2001)
- 39. B– The W3C normalization/ scale From: http://mmt.me.uk/slides/london011209/#(2)
- 40. B – SW– Resources Everything is a resource Everything is a resource – Person Berners Lee – Organisation W3C – Document paper.html – Event SW conference 2012 – … etc.
- 41. B – SW– Resources Each resource is identified with aanunique reference. Each resource identified with URI www.w3c.org/people/timbl.html#this Berners Lee www.w3c.org/index.html#this W3C www.w3c.org/papers/paper.html#this paper.html www.w3c.org/events/swcon12.html#this SW con'12
- 42. B – SW– Resources Namespace to reference Namespace to simplify URI the URI Namespace: www.w3c.org/people/timbl.html# Prefix tbl: www.w3c.org/people/timbl.html# CURIE tbl:this
- 43. B – SW– Resources CURIE to simplify the URI Namespace to simplify URI w3c:timbl foaf:Person w3c:this foaf:Organisation dblp:this foaf:Document event:this foaf:Event
- 44. B – SW– Triples RDFRDF (Subject, predicate, object) (Subject, predicate, object)
- 45. B – SW– Triples RDF triples web.html has author Tim Berners Lee LinkedData.html has author Hausenblas W3C has employee Tim Berners Lee web.html is published at SW conference
- 46. B – SW– Ontologies RDF-S → RDF-Schema Definition of the • Classes (concepts) • and Properties (conceptual relations) Hierachy organisation with conceptual relations
- 47. B – SW– Ontologies RDFS – Book is sub-type of Document – Novel is sub-type of Book – Roman is sub-type of Book
- 48. B – SW– RDF graph RDF triples => Linked Data RDF triples = LinkedData – W3C.html has author Tim Berners Lee – W3C.html is type of Document – Tim Berners Lee is type of Person – W3C.html is presented at Web Conference 2012 – Web Conference 2012 is type of Conference – Conference is sub class of Event
- 49. B – SW– RDF graph RDF triples => RDF graph Organisation RDF triples = RDF graph Event Document Person RDF graph W3C Conference web.html Tim Berners Lee SW conference
- 50. B – SW– Federated Dataset Federated dataset Resourcesresources are connected All are connected over the web over the Web LOD site 1 LOD site 2 w3c:this w3c:this tim:this ivan:this doc3:this doc1:this doc2:this doc2:this
- 51. B – SW– SPARQL Search and retrieve information Find and retrieve information from the graph from the graph with SPARQL PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> SELECT ?document ?authorName WHERE { ?person rdf:type foaf:Person ?person foaf:name ?authorName ?authorName foaf:made ?document }
- 52. B – SW– Giant GlobalGiant Graph Global Graph The web becomes one giant database
- 53. B – SW Is this a fiction? Is it a fiction?
- 54. B – SW GoogleRich Snippet Rich Snippets From: http://openspring.net/blog/2011/09/30/schemaorg-rich-snippets-drupal-7-rdfa
- 55. B – SW Facebook Open Graph
- 56. B – SW Knowledge Graph Google Knowledge Graph
- 57. B – SW GoogleYahoo Bin Schema.org Schema.org
- 58. C – OD+ LD
- 59. C – OD+ LD From Open Data to Linked Data From Open Data to Linked Data RDFS Open Data RDF JSON Linked Data XML CSV PDF Structured Data
- 60. CFrom PDF toRDF – OD + LD From PDF to RDF 1. Document engineering • Content extraction • Content format • Multimedia extraction 2. Knowledge engineering • Term extraction (indexation) • Recognition of Named Entities • Ontology engineering • Conceptual recognition and mapping
- 61. C – OD+ LD Synthesis about data formats Síntesis de los formatos (table) To create To exploit / reuse To maintain / manage Doc PDF CSV XML RDF RDFS
- 62. C – toarrive in LOD To succeed with Linked Data Linking Open Data 1. Data formalization • Create or reuse ontologies (RDF, RDFS, OWL) 2. Data annotation • Associate semantic metadata (RDF, RDFa, Microdata) 3. Data publication • Publish your semantic data (RDFa, Microdata) 4. Data consumption • Reuse all available data (SPARQL endpoints)
- 63. C – OD+ LD From Open Data to Linked Data Data quality
- 64. B – SW– Big Giant Graph Open Data + Data Interconnection Linked Linked Open Data Open Data 25 billion RDF triples over the web 25 billion of RDF triples over the web
- 65. B – SW– Big Giant Graph Open Data + Data Interconnection Linked Linked Open Data Open Data 25 billion RDF triples over the web From: http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/diagrams/lod/2010-color.png
- 66. B – SW– Big Giant Graph Open Data + Data Interconnection Linked Linked Open Data Open Data 25 billion RDF triples over the web http://dbpedia.org
- 67. B – SW– Big Giant Graph Open Data + Data Interconnection Linked Open Data 25 billion RDF triples over the web The Web 3.0 is already here ...
- 68. Linking Open Datawith Drupal
- 69. D – LODrupal- Drupal LOD and Drupal Entities ↔ Resources Availability and Access Entities ↔ Resources RDFReuse and Redistribution in Core RDF in Drupal Core Universal Participation Semantic Web modules and Semantic Web modules
- 70. D – LODrupal– Drupal Modules Drupal modules Main Microdata Web modules Semantic Import Linked Data schema.org Microdata SPARQL RDFx SPARQL Views SPARQL Views RDFx SPARQL
- 71. D – LODrupal– Mod1 ... RDFx From: http://drupal.org/project/rdfx
- 72. D – LODrupal– Mod1 ... schemaorg From: http://drupal.org/project/schemaorg
- 73. D – LODrupal–Views ... SPARQL Mod1 From: http://drupal.org/project/sparql_views
- 74. D – LODrupal– Mod1 ... SPARQL From: http://drupal.org/project/sparql
- 75. D – LODrupal– Drupal Prototype Demonstration Demo
- 76. E – LODrupalHackathon LOD + Drupal hackathon
- 77. E – LODrupalHackathon LOD + Drupal hackathon General idea Publish LOD Datos.gob.es LOD Drupal Build applications Datos.gen.cat Barcelona Datos.Bcn LOD expertise OD integration LOD publication
- 78. E –LOD +Drupal hackathon LODrupal Hackathon Sprint 1: Sprint 2: A1 - Consume OD B1 - Publish LOD A2 - OD Integration B2 - Build LOD applications Saturday Saturday 10/11/2012 08/12/2012
- 79. E – LODrupalHackathon References − http://okfn.org/opendata/ − http://www.slideshare.net/fabien_gandon/web-smantique- donnes-lies-et-smantique-des-schmas-2184768 − http://www.slideshare.net/scorlosquet/how-to-build-linked-data- sites-with-drupal-7-and-rdfa − http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/dadesobertes/ − http://w20.bcn.cat/opendata/ − http://datos.gob.es/datos/ − http://drupal.org/project/odv
- 80. Questions Questions? Thanks!