Long Reports

ZULKIFAL YOUSAF [email_address]

Highlight your ability to organize and present ideas clearly Highlight your ability to find information Highlight your ability to solve problems Highlight your potential to take on additional responsibility Highlight your ability to organize and present ideas clearly Highlight your ability to find information Highlight your ability to solve problems Highlight your potential to take on additional responsibility

Define the problems Collected all needed material Sorted data Organize outline

Contents: Introduction Body or text Conclusion

Revise again After finishing wait for some extent Use self Rearranging Delete redundant material Spelling correction

Appearance Spacing Margins Pagination

Report may be typewritten with double or single spacing . Double spacing Single spacing Single spacing has following benefits It saves typing time It saves the file space It saves both duplicating time and marital when multiple files are required

Side margin of half inch (for binding) Top margin of 2 inch

1.Prefatory parts page numbers are cantered and placed half inch below the imaginary line that frames the bottom of the types written material count and number the prefatory pages as shown below. Cover and title fly do not count or number Title page count (i) but do not insert number Table of contents count and number each page Table of tables count and number Summary count and number

2.body and supplemental parts page numbers. A. If your report is bound at the left page numbers are usually placed near the upper right corner of the page , aligned with the right margin and half inch above the top imaginary line to frames the written materials. B. If your report is bound at the top , page number are usually placed in the centre at the bottom of the page half inch or double space Below the imaginary line that frames the bottom of the type writer text.

Communicate new information Guide decisions Present complex materials Employ principles of effective page design

Length Complexity of subject material Use of source material Standard components

Introduction Body Conclusions and Recommendations

Purpose —what report is intended to accomplish Scope —what report covers (and perhaps what it doesn’t cover) Procedures —how report was compiled (especially how information was gathered) Context —overall issue being addressed, circumstances surrounding report Limitations —problems, shortcomings

Presents findings of report Organized roughly into problem (including causes and effects) and solutions (including how and why) May include visuals

Conclusion: Summarizes main points of report Recommendation: Summarize actions to be taken, often in list format

Transmittal Document Title Page Abstract Table of Contents List of Illustrations Glossary

Letter or memo that accompanies report Brief summary of report context and contents Thanks reader for cooperation/interest Builds positive relationship with reader Uses standard forms and direct or indirect approach

Title of report Name and title of writer Name and title of reader Name of company or organization Date of submission Centered on page

Not—Preliminary Site Investigation (Which site? What about it?) Instead—Investigation of Coal Gasification Site #1, First Street, Chalmers, New York

Computer Availability (Where? For whom?) Compute This: Student Access to Computers at IVCC (Too cute/clever. May turn off some readers.) The Need for Extended Student Computer Lab Hours at Illinois Valley Community College

Summary of report’s contents and recommendations Designed to stand alone Formatted as one paragraph Abstract as title

List of headings exactly as they appear in report Lower case Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.) for front matter, beginning with list of illustrations Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) for rest of report Table of Contents or Contents as title

Traditional —numbered, indented, dotted lines to page numbers Contemporary —no numbering, indented, no dotted lines Decimal —numbered (whole numbers and decimals), indented, dotted lines optional

Lists exact titles of illustrations and corresponding page numbers in report e.g. Figure 1: Student Support for Renovation of Main Campus Buildings Distinguishes between tables and figures Typically its own page(s)

Defines all potentially unfamiliar words, expressions, or symbols Need determined by audience Alphabetizes terms Lists symbols in order of appearance

Supplementary material, such as interview questions, survey questions, additional figures and illustrations, copies of relevant sources, other relevant documents—anything that you want the reader to have access to but that doesn’t fit directly into your report Includes title listed on Table of Contents (e.g. Appendix A: Interview Questions for Bill Gates) Each appendix a separate page or pages

List of sources Title and format depend on specific documentation format APA (American Psychological Association)— References MLA (Modern Language Association)—Works Cited

Long Reports

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