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Microbes And Its Application
- 1. Microbes And ItsApplication In Industry/ Industries With Examples. By: STUDENT UMK
- 2. OBJECTIVES • Understanding themicrobes • Able to relate the application of beneficial microbes in various industries • Understanding the microbes and its properties
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Microbe isa microscopic organism • Oldest form of life on Earth • Scientists believe microbes have existed for billions years • Microbes are everywhere • Microbes are important to daily lives.
- 4. Microbes and itsproperties Microbes can be classified by their physical and behavior characteristic. There are six types of microbes, which are Bacteria, Protozoa, Algae, Archae ,Fungi and Viruses. Each type of microbes has their own characteristic morphology, cellular composition and reproduction system.
- 5. FUNGI • Can beunicellular organisms or multicellular organisms. • Mostly found on the land, soil or in plant material. • Natural decomposer- secrete digestive enzymes in order to break down complex food sources. • Get nutrients by absorbing the organic material through symbiotic relationships such as with plants (symbionts) or a host (parasites). • Examples: Yeast, Molds YEAST MOLDS
- 6. ALGAE • Known asunicellular or multicellular eukaryotes. • Able to manufacture their own food though the process of photosynthesis. • Mostly lives in the fresh or sea water- Can either attached to the bottom or free-floating (planktonic) in the sea. • Can grow on places that have enough moisture such as soil, rocks or vegetation. • Act as the foundation in the food chain of aquatic life. • Produce 75% or more of the oxygen in the planet’s atmosphere. Spirogyra sp. Chlamydomonas sp.
- 7. ARCHAEA • Classified asprokaryotic cells. • Distinguished from bacteria by their unique rRNA gene sequences. • Cell walls of archaea are lack of peptidoglycan- have unique membrane lipids. • Can be lobed, spherical, spiral, rod, rectangular or irregular in shape. • Grouped by their habitat: a. Halophiles-salty environment b. Methanogens-produce methane c. Psychrophiles-cold environment d. Thermophiles-extremely hot temperature environment Staphylothermus marinus Halococcus salifodinae
- 8. BACTERIA • Are unicellularorganisms • Known as prokaryotic. • Bacteria do not contain nucleus or membrane-bound organelles • Classified as autotrophs and heterotrophs • The reproductive system of bacteria is carried out through binary fission.
- 9. SHAPE OF BACTERIA •Bacteria also exist in different shapes and arrangement which are: • bacillus (rod shape) • coccus (spherical shape), • vibrios (rods, comma shape) and • spirilla (rigid helices shape). • They also can be arranged in single, in pairs, chains or grape-like clusters
- 11. PROTOZOA • Known assingle cell organisms which consist of a nucleus and complex organelles. • Obtain nourishment through ingestion and absorption through their own specialized structures. • Mostly found in variety of moist habitat such as marine environments, fresh water and in the soil. • Classified based on their mode of locomotion: a. Flagellates-have whip-like structure called flagella b. Ciliates-produce movement by beating their tiny hair c. Amoeboids-consume food and move by using their false feet or pseudopodia. Amoeba Paramecium
- 12. VIRUSES • The smallesttype of microbes . • Consist of DNA or RNA in their nucleic acid core. • virus-coded protein coat
- 14. The Application OfBeneficial Microbes In Industries. There are many beneficial microbes that can be applied in various fields such as immunology, epidemiology, biotechnology, genetic engineering, food microbiology and agricultural/environmental microbiology
- 15. PRODUCTION OF FOODS Microbes are a key component in both home and industrial food preparation. Lactic acid bacteria are used to make yogurt, cheese, sour cream,and other fermented of milk products. • For example, the bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus is used to produce yogurt. During the pickling processes of olives and cucumber pickles, bacteria such as acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are used.
- 16. Medical, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnologicalapplications • Certain microbes can help us in the fight against other microbes. In human and veterinary medicine, that is used to treat and prevent infectious disease, microbes are a source of antibiotics and vaccines. • For example, microbes have produced insulin, enzyme such as streptokinase in biotechnology industry.
- 17. AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY Pasticides andagricultural product Bacillus thuringieniss used organisms during sporulation it produces “ Bt Toxin” Bt toxin can evenyually killing any pests. It spread like as a dust on plant But throught recombinationt DNA technology, plant can protect themselves by manufacturing their own bt toxin.
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- 19. ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY • Biosensorsand bioreporters Bioreporters are simpler sensors that composed of microbes( bacteria) Biosensors is an analytical device, used for the detection of an analyte, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector. It ability is to glow in presence of biological or chemical compound and detect environment pollutant ( petroleum) it can serve as early warming system to gives more times to responds.
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- 21. Conclusion • Important forus to learn about microbes • We must also able to relate the application of beneficial microbes in various industries • Better understanding on microbes and its properties
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