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Open Data – How and Why
The document discusses open data and copyright. It explains what copyright is, how it is obtained, and how long protection lasts. It discusses exceptions for ideas, facts, and data. While copyright protects creative works, it does not protect facts, data, or public domain works. The document advocates for open sharing of data and information through licenses like Creative Commons that allow for reuse and modification while maintaining attribution. It addresses challenges around attribution, legal clarity, and differences between US and EU copyright law as they apply to data and databases.
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Open Data – How and Why
- 1. Open Data –How and Why Greg Grossmeier [email_address] “ I love data ” - bixentro - CC:BY
- 2.
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- 4. US Constitution “To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries”
- 5. Not a toolto control all content forever in all mediums.
- 6.
- 7. “ a bundleof rights”
- 8. The right toreproduce the work The right to prepare derivative works The right to distribute the work The right to perform the work The right to display the work The right to license any of the above to third parties
- 9. How do Iget ?
- 10. How do Ireceive copyright protection for my work?
- 11. First, it mustmeet some basic requirements: It must be original .
- 12. It must havesome level of creativity .
- 13. It must bein a fixed medium .
- 14. Old Days -You use this symbol And provide a date And register it with the US Copyright Office. 1930
- 15. Now-a-days: <thisspace left intentionally blank>
- 16. Now-a-days: Also, it'sinstant.
- 17. Copyright protects… WritingChoreography Music Visual art Film Architectural works Copyright doesn’t protect… Ideas Facts Data (mostly) Useful articles (that’s patent)
- 18. How long doesprotection last?
- 19. The life ofthe Author plus 70 years (for now).
- 20.
- 21.
- 22. General Rules forPublic Domain/Copyright Status Works No Longer Protected by Copyright Published before 1923
- 23. Published between '23and '63, but it depends.
- 24. Authored by theFederal Government
- 25. General Rules forPublic Domain/Copyright Status Works Still Protected by Copyright Published after '63
- 26. Published between '23and '63, but it depends
- 27. Most State andMunicipal works
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- 38. All of thesethings...
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- 52. All of thesethings...
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- 54. other people's things.“ standing on the shoulders....”
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- 69. Public DomainAll Rights Reserved Some rights reserved: a spectrum. least restrictive most restrictive
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- 72. <rdf:RDF xmlns="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><License rdf:about="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/nl/"> <permits rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#Reproduction"/> <permits rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#Distribution"/> <requires rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#Notice"/> <requires rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#Attribution"/> <permits rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#CommercialUse"/> <permits rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#DerivativeWorks"/> <requires rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/ns#ShareAlike"/> </License> </rdf:RDF>
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- 76. Copyright protects… WritingChoreography Music Visual art Film Architectural works Copyright doesn’t protect… Ideas Facts Data (mostly) Useful articles (that’s patent)
- 77. Copyright protects… WritingChoreography Music Visual art Film Architectural works Copyright doesn’t protect… Ideas Facts Data (mostly) Useful articles (that’s patent)
- 78. Data (n): 1)pieces of information. 2) information. 3) A collection of object-units that are distinct from one another. http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/data
- 79. Database (n): Acollection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer. http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/database
- 80.
- 81. “ Just thefacts, ma'am.”
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- 85. tofer618 - IMG_0494
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- 89. US Code 17 § 102(b) “ In no case does copyright protection for an original work of authorship extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery, regardless of the form in which it is described, explained, illustrated, or embodied in such work.”
- 90. US Code 17 § 102(b) “ In no case does copyright protection for an original work of authorship extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery, regardless of the form in which it is described , explained, illustrated, or embodied in such work.”
- 91. Feist Publications, Inc.v. Rural Telephone Service Co. (1991)
- 92. Yellow Pages – Silver Tusk
- 93. “ Iceland phonebookis sorted on first names ” - selmerv
- 94. "sweat of thebrow"
- 95. “ Because Rural'swhite pages lack the requisite originality, Feist's use of the listings cannot constitute infringement. This decision should not be construed as demeaning Rural's efforts in compiling its directory, but rather as making clear that copyright rewards originality, not effort.”
- 96. “ copyright rewardsoriginality, not effort.”
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- 101.
- 102. “ you don'tcopyright the bricks, you copyright the whole house” (ish)
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- 115. “ Member Statesshall provide for a right for the maker of a database which shows that there has been qualitatively and/or quantitatively a substantial investment in either the obtaining, verification or presentation of the contents to prevent extraction and/or re-utilization of the whole or of a substantial part, evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively, of the contents of that database.” Source http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31996L0009:EN:HTML
- 116. “ Member Statesshall provide for a right for the maker of a database which shows that there has been qualitatively and/or quantitatively a substantial investment in either the obtaining, verification or presentation of the contents to prevent extraction and/or re-utilization of the whole or of a substantial part, evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively, of the contents of that database. ” Source http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31996L0009:EN:HTML
- 117. “ Member Statesshall provide for a right for the maker of a database which shows that there has been qualitatively and/or quantitatively a substantial investment in either the obtaining, verification or presentation of the contents to prevent extraction and/or re-utilization of the whole or of a substantial part, evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively, of the contents of that database.” “ SWEAT OF THE BROW”
- 118. Data and databasesharing made easy*. * for certain values of “easy.”
- 119. Problem 1: “attribution stacking”
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- 132. Problem 2: lackof legal certainty
- 133. “ a housedivided”
- 134. US vs EU Fact vs Collection Collection vs Creative Choice
- 135.
- 136. Berne Convention (1988):- Artists Rights Act of 1990 - Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (1998) - DMCA (1998)
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- 140. Waiver, not alicense
- 141.
- 142. “ The personwho associated a work with this document has dedicated the work to the Commons by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law and all related or neighboring legal rights he or she had in the work, to the extent allowable by law.”
- 143.
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- 148. Open Database License(ODbL) http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/
- 149. “ Attribution andShare-Alike for Data/Databases”
- 150.
- 151. The database, notthe contents.
- 152.
- 153. “ Member Statesshall provide for a right for the maker of a database which shows that there has been qualitatively and/or quantitatively a substantial investment in either the obtaining, verification or presentation of the contents to prevent extraction and/or re-utilization of the whole or of a substantial part, evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively, of the contents of that database. ” Source http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31996L0009:EN:HTML
- 154. ShareAlike keeps theinformation free (libre).
- 155.
- 156.
- 157. Attributions The CreativeCommons cartoons: CC:BY Ryan Junell
- 158. “ christina, calclass of '08” - bittermelon - http://www.flickr.com/photos/bittermelon/2521892649/ - CC:BY-NC
- 159. “ The Pathof Least Resistance” - NazarethCollege - http://www.flickr.com/photos/nazareth_college/3525764942/ - CC:BY
- 160. “ for squirrelsand chipmunks, practice makes perfect” - emdot - http://www.flickr.com/photos/emdot/56156364/ - CC:BY
- 161. “ books ina stack (a stack of books)” - austinevan - http://www.flickr.com/photos/austinevan/1225274637/ - CC:BY
- 162. “ Real Academia”– fernando garcÃa redondo – http://www.flickr.com/photos/fgr1986/3787437711/ - CC:BY
- 163. “ I LoveTo Share – 2009” - creativecommons - http://www.flickr.com/photos/creativecommons/3303749499/ - CC:BY
- 164. “ and moreservers” - mysterbee - http://www.flickr.com/photos/mysterybee/1659329016/ - CC:BY-SA
- 165. “ IXS_1916” - acme - http://www.flickr.com/photos/acme/2628554102/ - CC:BY
- 166. “ Dr. KevinPadian talk - From Dinosaurs to Birds: How Did It Happen?” - mikebaird - http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikebaird/2208087847/ - CC:BY